Gene Name	CMAHP
Gene ID	8418
Gene Full Name	cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase, pseudogene
Gene Alias	CMAH|CSAH
Transcripts	ENSG00000293489
Virus	HIV
Gene Type	pseudo
HGNC ID	HGNC:2098
OMIM ID	603209
Summary	Sialic acids are terminal components of the carbohydrate chains of glycoconjugates involved in ligand-receptor, cell-cell, and cell-pathogen interactions. The two most common forms of sialic acid found in mammalian cells are N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and its hydroxylated derivative, N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc). Studies of sialic acid distribution show that Neu5Gc is not detectable in normal human tissues although it was an abundant sialic acid in other mammals. Neu5Gc is, in actuality, immunogenic in humans. The absense of Neu5Gc in humans is due to a deletion within the human gene CMAH encoding cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase, an enzyme responsible for Neu5Gc biosynthesis. Sequences encoding the mouse, pig, and chimpanzee hydroxylase enzymes were obtained by cDNA cloning and found to be highly homologous. However, the homologous human cDNA differs from these cDNAs by a 92-bp deletion in the 5' region. This deletion, corresponding to exon 6 of the mouse hydroxylase gene, causes a frameshift mutation and premature termination of the polypeptide chain in human. It seems unlikely that the truncated human hydroxylase mRNA encodes for an active enzyme explaining why Neu5Gc is undetectable in normal human tissues. Human genomic DNA also shows evidence of this deletion which does not occur in the genomes of African great apes. Nonetheless, the CMAH gene maps to 6p21.32 in humans and great apes indicating that mutation of the CMAH gene occurred following human divergence from chimpanzees and bonobos. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Integration Table: if previous studies reported that target gene was altered by virus integration events, the overlap between VISs in this literature and Cistrome factors was listed in this section

DVID	Chromosome	HM	TFBS	CA	Sum of Overlapped Records	Detail
4002646	chr6	47	34	4	85	View
4007523	chr6	18	1	0	19	View
4016028	chr6	0	0	0	0	View

Data ID	Experiment type	Sample number	Platform
C   GSE221688	Chip-seq;scATAC-Seq;scRNA-Seq	12	Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Homo sapiens)
GSE99737	RNA-seq	9	Illumina HiSeq 2500 (Homo sapiens)
GSE144332	RNA-seq	75	NextSeq 550 (Homo sapiens)
C   GSE165705	Chip-seq	30	Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Homo sapiens)
GSE164264	RNA-seq	6	BGISEQ-500 (Homo sapiens)
C   GSE30738	Chip-seq	2	Illumina Genome Analyzer II (Homo sapiens)
GSE262621	RNA-seq	70	Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Homo sapiens)
GSE162914	RNA-seq	211	Illumina HiSeq 2500 (Homo sapiens)
GSE279982	Methylation profiling (Array)	576	Infinium MethylationEPIC
C   GSE144329	ATAC-seq	96	NextSeq 550 (Homo sapiens)
GSE205204	RNA-seq	14	Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Homo sapiens)
GSE125686	RNA-seq	62	Illumina HiSeq 2000 (Homo sapiens);Illumina HiSeq 2500 (Homo sapiens);Illumina NextSeq 500 (Homo sapiens)
C   GSE220859	Chip-seq	11	Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Homo sapiens)
GSE165708	RNA-seq	100	Illumina HiSeq 4000 (Homo sapiens)
C   GSE211651	Chip-seq;RNA-seq;PRO-seq	39	Illumina NextSeq 500 (Homo sapiens);Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Homo sapiens)
GSE68028	MeDIP-chip	1	NimbleGen Human DNA Methylation 2.1M Deluxe Promoter Array [100929_HG19_Deluxe_Prom_Meth_HX1]
C   GSE100376	ATAC-seq	24	Illumina NextSeq 500 (Homo sapiens)
GSE165132	RNA-seq	56	NextSeq 550 (Homo sapiens)
C   GSE100266	ATAC-seq;Chip-seq;RNA-seq	32	Illumina HiSeq 2500 (Homo sapiens)
C   GSE165703	ATAC-seq	82	Illumina HiSeq 4000 (Homo sapiens)
E   GSE246082	RNA-seq	6	Illumina HiSeq 4000 (Homo sapiens)

• Expression profiling
• Genome binding/occupancy profiling

When the query gene is differentially changed in the dataset, a volcano/bar plot will be displayed.

> Dataset: GSE246082 - CMAHP expression across samples

Volcano Plot

Bar Plot