Evidence Details for Gfap
PMID Title Journal Year Abstract
25206406 Optimal electroacupuncture frequency for maintaining astrocyte structural integrity in cerebral ischemia. Neural Regen Res. 2013 Apr 25;8(12):1122-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.12.007. 2013 Apr 25 The astrocyte is a critical regulator of neuronal survival after ischemic brain injury. Electroacupuncture may be an effective therapy for cerebral ischemia, as electroacupuncture frequency can affect the structural integrity of astrocytes. In this study, a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion established using the modified thread embolism method was treated with electroacupuncture of the bilateral Quchi (LI11) and Zusanli (ST36) at 15, 30, and 100 Hz frequencies. Behavioral testing, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy were used to explore the effect of these electroacupuncture frequencies used on maintaining the structural integrity of ischemic brain tissue. Compared with the model and 100 Hz electroacupuncture groups, the 15 and 30 Hz electroacupuncture groups displayed decreased neurological deficit scores, as evaluated by the ""Longa"" method, significantly increased glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, and alleviated ultrastructural damage of astrocytes at the edge of the infarct. Our experimental findings indicate that 15 and 30 Hz electroacupuncture intervention can favorably maintain the structural integrity of astrocytes and play a protective role in cerebral ischemic injury. Astrocyte structural integrity may be the mechanism underlying acupuncture production of ischemic tolerance."

Evidence Sentence: Glial fibrillary acidic protein is mainly present in astrocytes and is therefore regarded as a marker for mature astrocytes. Glial fibrillary acidic protein is expressed in normal astrocytes, and this expression greatly increases in activated astrocytes.
Evidence Sentence: Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression following electroacupuncture treatment in middle cerebral artery occluded rats. Glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cells were stained as brown yellow, yellow or light yellow, and staining was visible in cell bodies, nerve fibers and terminals.
Evidence Sentence: At the infarct edge (coronal plane at 3 mm posterior to bregma, sagittal plane at parietal cortex 3.5 mm lateral to the midline), glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cells and fibers were brown colored, with significant hypertrophy, protruding thickening and increasing number, showing the typical form seen on activation (Figure 1).
Evidence Sentence: After rats were subjected to electroacupuncture intervention at 15 and 30 Hz frequencies, glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity was observed in the cortex of the parietal lobe on the infarct side (coronal place at 3 mm posterior to bregma, sagittal plane at parietal cortex 4.5 mm lateral to the midline), with enlarged cell bodies and thickening fibers (Figure 1).
Evidence Sentence: In the cortex of the parietal lobe of the contralateral side (coronal plane at 3 mm posterior to bregma, sagittal plane at parietal cortex 3.5 mm lateral to the midline), there were fewer glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cells, sparse distribution, and decreased number (Figure 1).
Evidence Sentence: The extent of glial fibrillary acidic protein positive astrocytes, in the ipsilateral parietal lobe cortex was the same as the contralateral cortex in the model group and 100 Hz group (Figure 1).
Evidence Sentence: At the same time, glial fibrillary acidic protein expression was significantly up-regulated and accompanied by changes in cell morphology, including cellular hypertrophy, neurite thickening, and more intense staining.
Evidence Sentence: A large amount of glial fibrillary acidic protein expression could be a double-edged sword, however, for hypoxic-ischemic neurons.
Evidence Sentence: Glial fibrillary acidic protein positive astrocytes have been shown to influence primitive progenitor cells to differentiate into mature astrocytes.
Evidence Sentence: From this study, we learned that one of the possible mechanisms underlying endogenous protection after cerebral ischemia, which was induced by electroacupuncture treatment, was to influence glial fibrillary acidic protein expression.
Evidence Sentence: Glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cells were stained as brown yellow, yellow or light yellow, and staining was visible in cell bodies, nerve fibers and terminals.