| Evidence Sentence: |
Orexin A (OXA, hypocretin/hcrt 1) is a newly discovered potential analgesic substance. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Orexin A (OXA, hypocretin/hcrt 1) is a newly discovered potential analgesic substance. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Involvement of spinal orexin A in the electroacupuncture analgesia in a rat model of post-laparotomy pain |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Orexin A (OXA, hypocretin/hcrt 1) is a newly discovered potential analgesic substance. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
The results of the present study indicate the involvement of OXA in EA analgesia via OX1R in an opioid-independent way. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
SB-334867, a selective orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) antagonist with a higher affinity for OXA than OXB, was intrathecally injected to observe its effect on EA analgesia. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
The OX1R antagonist SB-334867 (30 nmol) was intrathecally injected prior to surgery. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Orexin A (OXA, hypocretin/hcrt 1) is a newly discovered potential analgesic substance. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
However, whether OXA is involved in acupuncture analgesia remains unknown. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
The present study was designed to investigate the involvement of spinal OXA in electroacupuncture (EA) analgesia. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
SB-334867, a selective orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) antagonist with a higher affinity for OXA than OXB, was intrathecally injected to observe its effect on EA analgesia. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
OXA at 0.3 nmol and EA at 2/15 Hz produced respective analgesic effects on the model (P<0.05). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Pre-surgical intrathecal administered of SB-334867 30 nmol antagonized OXA analgesia and attenuated the analgesic effect of EA (P<0.05). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
In addition, naloxone, a selective opioid receptor antagonist, failed to antagonize OXA-induced analgesia (P>0.05). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
The results of the present study indicate the involvement of OXA in EA analgesia via OX1R in an opioid-independent way. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Changes to OXA levels in the hypothalamus, PAG and spinal cord following laparotomy and/or EA treatment |
| Evidence Sentence: |
The ELISA tests showed that there was a significant decrease of OXA peptide levels in the hypothalamus, PAG and spinal cord in rats after surgery (P<0.05) when compared with the normal group. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
EA 2/15 Hz reversed the decrease in OXA levels in the above regions in model rats (P<0.05), whereas the EA2/100 Hz group showed no change (P>0.05; Figure 1). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Effect of postoperative OXA injection in the rat model of post-laparotomy pain |
| Evidence Sentence: |
OXA at a concentration of 0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 nmol or saline was intrathecally injected into animals immediately after surgery. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Figure 3A shows that 0.1 nmol OXA did not have an analgesic effect after surgery, whereas OXA at 0.3 and 1.0 nmol increased ACT significantly at 0.5 h compared with the saline group (P<0.05). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
There was no statistically significant difference in ACT between the OXA 0.3 nmol and OXA 1.0 nmol groups. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Effect of preoperative intrathecal injection of SB-334867 on OXA analgesia in the rat model of post-laparotomy pain |
| Evidence Sentence: |
The SB-334867 30 nmol + OXA group showed a significant difference when compared with the OXA 0.3 nmol group (P<0.05). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Effect of pre-treatment with naloxone on OXA analgesia and pre-treatment with SB-334867 on fentanyl-induced analgesia |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Naloxone was intrathecally injected at a dose of 28 nmol pre-surgery followed by an intrathecal injection of OXA (0.3 nmol) post-surgery. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
At 0.5 h post-OXA injection, the OXA 0.3 nmol group and the OXA + Naloxone group both showed a significant difference in the ACT when compared with the saline group (P<0.05), whereas there was no difference between the OXA group and the OXA + Naloxone group (P>0.05) (Figure 4A). |
