Evidence Details for Tlr4
PMID Title Journal Year Abstract
30069225 Catgut Implantation at Acupoint Reduces Immune Reaction in a Rat Model of Allergic Rhinitis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. 2018 Allergic rhinitis (AR), an IgE-mediated response, is characterized by a Th2-type immunological pattern together with mast cells activation. Acupuncture, with the use of implanted catgut, is a traditional therapy that has been widely applied for the treatment of AR. However, the exact mechanism of the immunomodulatory effects of catgut implantation at acupoint (CIAA) remains unclear, in part due to the lack of a suitable laboratory animal model. We developed and optimized a rat model of ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced allergic inflammation, characterized by increased IL-4, sIgE, and SP and reciprocal decrease of IFN-gamma. In the present study, we have further used this model to address the immunomodulatory effects of CIAA stimulation at Yingxiang (LI20) and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints and to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of SP, sIgE, IL-4, IFN-gamma, TLR2, and TLR4. After AR model was established via OVA challenge, the rats were randomized as follows: control, model, sham-operated, 1-week CIAA (C1), 2-week CIAA (C2), and Budesonide nasal spray. The C1 and C2 groups were subjected to the bilateral acupoint Yingxiang (LI20) and Zusanli (ST36), respectively. Multiple analyses and quantifications were performed, which revealed that due to the persistent stimulus to acupoints by embedding catgut, the C2 group improved AR symptoms, compared to the C1 group. We conclude that CIAA at the Yingxiang (LI20) and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints effectively reduces allergic symptoms and inflammatory parameters in the rat model of AR. Thus, CIAA treatment is potentially an alternative therapeutic modality in AR."

Evidence Sentence: In the present study, we have further used this model to address the immunomodulatory effects of CIAA stimulation at Yingxiang (LI20) and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints and to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of SP, sIgE, IL-4, IFN-gamma, TLR2, and TLR4.
Evidence Sentence: Effects of CIAA on TLR2 and TLR4 Expression
Evidence Sentence: TLR4 expression in the nasal mucosa also showed no significant difference among the C1, C2, and Budesonide groups (P > 0.05) but was significantly lower in the Budesonide group compared to model and sham groups (P < 0.01; Figures 5(a)-5(c)).
Evidence Sentence: TLR4 expression was also lower in the C1 and C2 groups than in the model and sham groups (P < 0.05).
Evidence Sentence: Lastly, TLR4 in the model group showed no significant difference compared with the sham group (P > 0.05).
Evidence Sentence: In Western blot analysis of fractionated cell extracts, we detected the cytosolic expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the nasal mucosal cells, which showed no significant difference among the C1, C2, and Budesonide groups (P > 0.05), but both were significantly lower in the C1, C2, and Budesonide groups than in the model or sham group (P < 0.01; Figures 6(a)-6(c)).
Evidence Sentence: Furthermore, the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the sham group showed no significant difference compared with the model group (P > 0.05).