Description In group A, EA was applied to LI4 (Hegu), TE5 (Waiguan), BL63 (Jinme), LR3 (Taichong), ST36 (Zusanli), GB40 (Qiuxu), BL10 (Tianzhu), GB20 (Fengchi), BL2 (Cuanzhu) and EX-HN4 (Yuyao) on the same side as the craniotomy.Group S was a sham acupuncture point group. In this group, EA was applied at 9 and 12 Cun above BL60 (Kunlun), 7 and 10 Cun above KI3 (Taixi) and 7 and 9 Cun above HT7 (Shenmen) on the side of the craniotomy.
Experimental Description
A total of 56 patients undergoing craniotomy were randomised into three groups: control (C, n=18), EA (A, n=19) and sham acupuncture (S, n=19) groups.
propofol and sufentanil. The induction plasma concentration of propofol was 5 μg/ml and of sufentanil was 0.5ng/ml. When the patients were unconscious, the plasma concentration of propofol was reduced to 3.2 μg/ml, the concentration of sufentanyl was reduced to 0.3 ng/ml and vecuronium bromide 0.1 mg/kg was administered. After muscle relaxation, tracheal intubation was performed. Intermittent administration of 0.05 mg/kg vecuronium bromide was given to maintain muscle relaxation. The concentration of sufentanil was adjusted to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR in the basic range of +10% to −20%. In cases of hypotension (MAP<20% of baseline), bradycardia (HR<50 beats/ min) or hypertension (MAP>10% of baseline values), 6 mg ephedrine, 0.5 mg atropine or 0.2–0.5 mg nicardipine, respectively, was administered.
Stimulation Method
EA
Induction Method
Electroacupuncture Instrument Model
Manufacturer
Frequency
Waveform
Strength
Induction Time
LH202H HANS
Beijing Huawei Co, Ltd., Beijing, China
2/100 Hz
dense-dispersed wave
at the level ofmaximal tolerance of each patient
from the induction of anaesthesia until the end of the operation
Acupuncture_Needle
Needle_Manufacturer
Needle_Depth
-
-
0.7-1.5 cm
Description EA stimulation was deliv_x0002_ered via a LH202H HANS acupuncture point nerve stimulator (Beijing Huawei Co Ltd, China) using dense-dispersed wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency, alternating every 3 s. The waveform was symmetric biphasic. The stimulation intensity was at the level of maximal tolerance of each patient and stimulation lasted from the induction of anaesthesia until the end of the operation.
Anesthesia Method
AAA
Clinical Trial Type
random
Contraindications
Infection or inflammation
Effector
There was no significant difference between the measurements in groups A and S during craniotomy. The levels of IgM and IgA decreased significantly in group C compared with groups A and S at T2 and T3 time points. The levels of total T cells and suppressor T cells in group C decreased significantly compared with groups A and S at T1 and T2, and the level of natural killer cells in group C decreased significantly compared with groups A and S at T1. No significant differences between groups were found in the levels of TNFα, IgG, IL-10, IL-8, leucocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, Th cells or B cells.
Electroacupuncture alleviates intraoperative immunosuppression in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Clinical experience suggests that anaesthesia using a combination of acupuncture and drugs can reduce the dosage of anaesthetics required for craniotomy, decreasing both the disturbance in physiological functions during the operation and postoperative complications and improving the rate of recovery. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of electroacupuncture (EA) on the dynamic equilibrium of the immune system and immune cell populations during the pericraniotomy period. METHODS: A total of 56 patients undergoing craniotomy were randomised into three groups: control (C, n=18), EA (A, n=19) and sham acupuncture (S, n=19) groups. Blood samples were collected before anaesthesia (T0) and 30 min, 2 h and 4 h after induction of anaesthesia (T1, T2 and T3, respectively,) to measure the levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10, IgM, IgA, IgG and full blood count. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the measurements in groups A and S during craniotomy. The levels of IgM and IgA decreased significantly in group C compared with groups A and S at T2 and T3 time points. The levels of total T cells and suppressor T cells in group C decreased significantly compared with groups A and S at T1 and T2, and the level of natural killer cells in group C decreased significantly compared with groups A and S at T1. No significant differences between groups were found in the levels of TNFalpha, IgG, IL-10, IL-8, leucocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, Th cells or B cells. CONCLUSIONS: EA appears to reduce immunosuppression of both the humoral and cellular components during surgery."
Souce
Acupunct Med. 2013 Mar;31(1):51-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2012-010254. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
