- The advantages of acupuncture anesthesia in clinical practice
In clinical practice, acupuncture anesthesia presents a multitude of advantages, pivotal among these being Body System Protection. This technique supports the body's natural defenses, reducing the physiological stress often associated with surgical procedures. By modulating the body's response to pain, acupuncture anesthesia allows for a lower Dosage of Medication, significantly reducing the potential for drug-related side effects. Furthermore, this approach plays a crucial role in Emotion Regulation, helping patients maintain a calm and stable emotional state, which is essential for a positive surgical outcome. The impact of acupuncture on the nervous system not only aids in Pain Relief but also promotes Enhanced Recovery After Surgery. Patients tend to experience faster recuperation times, attributed to the holistic nature of this method. Additionally, acupuncture anesthesia is associated with a Lower Incidence of Side Effects compared to conventional anesthetics. Its ability to modulate and balance the body's responses makes it an invaluable tool in the realm of modern medicine, offering a safer, more patient-centered approach to pain management and recovery.
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Modulation
- Immunity
- Acupuncture anesthesia may enhance the body's immune response, reducing the risk of postoperative infections.
- Blood Flow
- Acupuncture anesthesia can optimize blood flow to tissues, aiding in wound healing and tissue recovery.
- Endocrinology
- Acupuncture anesthesia can influence endocrine function, helping maintain hormonal balance during surgery.
- Circulation
- Acupuncture anesthesia supports overall circulatory health, ensuring adequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues.
- Microcirculation
- Acupuncture anesthesia positively affects microcirculation, benefiting tissue perfusion and healing.
- Blood Pressure
- Acupuncture anesthesia can help stabilize blood pressure, reducing perioperative hypertension risks.
- Heart Rate
- Acupuncture anesthesia can regulate heart rate, promoting cardiovascular stability during surgery.
- Hemodynamics
- Acupuncture anesthesia optimizes hemodynamic parameters, contributing to surgical safety.
- Bleeding
- Acupuncture anesthesia may reduce intraoperative bleeding, enhancing surgical outcomes.
- Skin Temperature
- Acupuncture anesthesia can help maintain stable skin temperature during surgery, preventing hypothermia.
Acupuncture anesthesia for Modulation-Immunity
| PMID | Evidence | Source | Keyword | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11245083 | Acupuncture: pain management coupled to immune stimulation. | Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1999 Sep;20(9):769-77. | Immunity | Review |
| 11245083 | Recent information demonstrates that acupuncture may exert its actions on pain and immune processes. | Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1999 Sep;20(9):769-77. | Immunity | Review |
| 11245083 | Taken together, we surmise a major central nervous system pathway as well as local pain and immune modulation during acupuncture. | Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1999 Sep;20(9):769-77. | Immunity | Review |
| 15115165 | The 15 final studies were grouped within three categories: mind-body and relaxation, manual therapies, and diet and reviewed for statistical and clinical significance, suggesting some CAM therapies have shown minimally significant improvements in asthma quality of life (breathing exercises) or pulmonary function (relaxation) and immune function (relaxation and acupuncture) in select asthma populations. | J Asthma. 2004 Apr;41(2):131-9. doi: 10.1081/jas-120028581. | Immunity | Review |
| 1581655 | Acupuncture for immune-mediated disorders. Literature review and clinical applications. | Probl Vet Med. 1992 Mar;4(1):162-93. | Immunity | Review |
| 1581655 | Examples of acupuncture use in immunomediated conditions in small animals are given. | Probl Vet Med. 1992 Mar;4(1):162-93. | Immunity | Review |
| 16541289 | There are also promising therapy modalities such as changing bacterial gut flora, general immune response (acupuncture, inpatient rehabilitation) and urine acidity. | Urologe A. 2006 Apr;45(4):443-4, 446-50. doi: 10.1007/s00120-006-1013-y. | Immunity | Review |
| 17663116 | The present paper reviews the studies on nervous regulation, humoral regulation and regulation of peripheral vessel resistance and other pathways and their relationships in recent ten years, and indicates further perfecting these studies from the following aspects: studies on the mechanism of section and combination of blood pressure-decreasing points, relationship of time-effect and dose-effect of acupuncture and moxibustion, and studies on mechanisms of functions of nerve-endocrine-immune system. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2007 Jun;27(6):467-70. | Immunity Endocrinology Blood Pressure | Review |
| 18306447 | Acupuncture and immunomodulation. | Am J Chin Med. 2008;36(1):25-36. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X08005552. | Immunity | Review |
| 18306447 | An increase in the release of endogen opioid peptides is generally accepted to be a keystone pathway that affects the immune system after the acupuncture application. | Am J Chin Med. 2008;36(1):25-36. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X08005552. | Immunity | Review |
| 18306447 | This paper reviews the data to explain the updated mechanisms related to immune modulation via acupuncture therapy. | Am J Chin Med. 2008;36(1):25-36. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X08005552. | Immunity | Review |
| 18711761 | The inflammatory reflex (via the ANS) might be a crucial part of anti-hyperalgesia elicited by acupuncture, and this reflex, which regulates the immune system in the organism, can elucidate not only the mechanism of AA but also the mechanism of acupuncture applied to other inflammatory conditions. | Am J Chin Med. 2008;36(4):635-45. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X08006107. | Immunity | Review |
| 18807728 | Progress in the research of neuroendocrine-immunological mechanism of acupuncture in regulating blood pressure and protecting target organs in hypertension. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2008 Jun;33(3):208-12. | Immunity Blood Pressure | Review |
| 18807728 | In the present paper, the authors review the progress in acupuncture treatment of hypertension in recent ten years from the studies of clinical treatment and animal experiments; analyze the underlying mechanism of acupuncture in protecting target organs of hypertension from the neuro-endocrine-immune network. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2008 Jun;33(3):208-12. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 19761120 | The authors of the present paper review researches on the underlying mechanism of joint application of acupuncture therapy and medication in recent decade from (1) neural regulation, (2) endocrine regulation, and (3) immunological regulation. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2009 Jun;34(3):212-6. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 19887992 | Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of acupuncture, with fewer adverse effects than analgesic drugs, in the treatment of painful diabetic and human immunodeficiency virus-related neuropathy. | Am J Clin Oncol. 2009 Jun;32(3):319-25. doi: 10.1097/COC.0b013e318173a520. | Immunity Adverse Reactions | Review |
| 20204371 | Furthermore, greatly enhanced life quality of RA patients was obtained using acupuncture and massage to relieve pain, expand joint motion and modulate emotion which mainly correlated with the possible modulation of immune system, nerve system, endocrine system, etc. | Rheumatol Int. 2010 Apr;30(6):713-8. doi: 10.1007/s00296-010-1370-0. Epub 2010 Mar 5. | Immunity Endocrinology Mood | Review |
| 20399151 | Acupuncture and immune modulation. | Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):38-41. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.010. Epub 2010 Apr 15. | Immunity | Review |
| 20399151 | In addition to the analgesic effect of acupuncture, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that acupuncture treatment can control autonomic nerve system functions such as blood pressure regulation, sphincter Oddi relaxation, and immune modulation. | Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):38-41. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.010. Epub 2010 Apr 15. | Analgesic Effect Immunity Blood Pressure | Review |
| 20399151 | Although only a limited number of controlled studies have assessed the efficacy of acupuncture, increasing clinical evidences support that EA treatment is effective for various immunological diseases including allergic disorders, infections, autoimmune diseases and immunodifficiency-syndromes. | Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):38-41. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.010. Epub 2010 Apr 15. | Immunity | Review |
| 20399151 | This review will address the mechanism of acupuncture in modulating various immune responses and the relationship between acupuncture mediated immune regulation and neurological involvement. | Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):38-41. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.010. Epub 2010 Apr 15. | Immunity | Review |
| 20496745 | This paper introduces recent advances in research and clinical trials on treating exercise-induced fatigue with acupuncture, focusing on the areas of oxygen free radical scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation activity, the regulation of immune function, prevention of dysfunction exercise induced hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, improvement of energy metabolism, the ability to maintain internal environment, the ability to alleviate delayed-on set muscle soreness (DOMS), and anti-central nervous system fatigue. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2010 Mar;30(3):261-4. | Immunity | Review |
| 20626152 | In the present paper, the authors review progresses of researches on the protective effect of acupuncture in resisting acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients and animals from (1) resisting injury of oxygen-derived free radicals, (2) reducing intracellular Ca2+ overload, (3) relieving dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells of the myocardium, (4) regulating immune functional activity and reducing inflammatory injury, (5) reducing cardiocyte apoptosis, (6) upregulating the expression of heat shock protein (HSP 70) in the myocardium, and (7) regulating activities of multiple cardiovascular protection factors and intracellular signaling pathways. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2010 Apr;35(2):156-60. | Immunity Cardiovascular Myocardium | Review |
| 21359918 | Besides, electroacupuncture (EA) can modulate the imbalance between innate and acquired immune systems. | Chin J Integr Med. 2011 Mar;17(3):177-86. doi: 10.1007/s11655-011-0664-8. | Immunity | Review |
| 21942186 | Regarding clinical studies, results showed that acupuncture could (1) regulate cardiac-pulmonary function; and (2) adjust immune state and relieve inflammatory reactions in bronchial asthma patients. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2011 Aug;36(4):302-6, 312. | Immunity | Review |
| 22379794 | The authors of the present paper make a review about its research progress in recent ten years from (1) effect of acupuncture on VIP functional activities of the gastrointestinal tract; (2) involvement of VIP in electroacupuncture (EA) induced improvement of gastric mucosal and cerebral blood flow (3) effect of EA on functions of VIP being as a neurotransmitter; (4) effect of EA on VIP-involved immune regulation function. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2011 Dec;36(6):453-6. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract Blood Flow | Review |
| 22794702 | Unproven treatments and intervention methods for allergic-immunologic conditions include acupuncture, homeopathy (""likes cure likes""), halotherapy, and autologous urine injections. | Allergy Asthma Proc. 2012 May-Jun;33 Suppl 1:100-102. doi: 10.2500/aap.2012.33.3562. | Immunity | Review |
| 23072106 | And the result shows that the two-way regulatory effect of acupuncture on gastrointestinal motility function which eventually causes the recovery of gastrointestinal function, is a benign regulation reached by relative antagonism and inter-coordination of the neural, endocrine and immunity in all aspects. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012 Aug;32(8):765-8. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 23650807 | ), immune cytokines, cytokines from the spinal glia cells are complicated in the process of acupuncture analgesia. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2013 Feb;38(1):83-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 24106314 | Acupuncture modulates the neuro-endocrine-immune network. | QJM. 2014 May;107(5):341-5. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hct196. Epub 2013 Oct 8. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 24215920 | Here, we reviewed the effect of acupuncture stimulation on neuropeptides and hormones, including beta-endorphin, serotonin, oxytocin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, corticotrophin-releasing hormone, cholecystokinin, and acetylcholine, as well as insulin sensitivity, immunomodulation (anti-inflammation), and autonomic nerve activity. | Int Rev Neurobiol. 2013;111:125-40. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-411545-3.00006-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 24338183 | The effects of acupuncture on different cancer-related aspects were shown, including chemotherapy or radiotherapy-induced side effects (13/33, 39.4%), cancer pain (6/33, 18.2%), post-operative urinary retention (4/33, 12.1%), quality of life (2/33, 6.1%), vasomotor syndrome (2/33, 6.1%), post-operative gastrointestinal dysfunction (2/33, 6.1%), prevention of prolonged postoperative ileus (2/33, 6.1%), joint symptoms (1/33, 3.0%), and immunomodulation (1/33, 3.0%). | Chin J Integr Med. 2014 Feb;20(2):136-47. doi: 10.1007/s11655-013-1439-1. Epub 2013 Dec 13. | Immunity Cancer Pain Side Effects Urinary Retention | Review |
| 25219132 | Considerations about mechanisms of acupuncture therapy for improving hypertension by regulating immune system. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2014 Aug;39(4):333-6. | Immunity | Review |
| 25219132 | In the present paper, the authors introduce 1) progress of researches on the pathogenesis of hypertension from cellular immune and body fluid immune (multiple immuno-humoral factors); 2) effects of acupuncture intervention on natural killer cell activity, exercise-induced immunosuppression, circulating inflammatory factor levels and balance of cytokines; 3) blood-pressure reduction effect of acupuncture intervention by lowering circulating TNF-alpha, IL-6, matrix metalloproteinases-9, angiotensin convertase and endothelin levels, and up-regulating serum opioid peptide content, etc. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2014 Aug;39(4):333-6. | Immunity Blood Pressure Circulation | Review |
| 25219132 | Many researches have demonstrated that acupuncture may have a positive role in improving EH in clinical practice, which may be associated with its regulative effect on immune system, but its mechanism has not been fully elucidated. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2014 Aug;39(4):333-6. | Immunity | Review |
| 25543450 | Literature regarding the basic research of acupuncture-moxibustion serum for last more than 10 years is reviewed, and the effects of acupuncture-moxibustion serum on respiratory system, digestive system, cardiovascular system, nervous system, immune system, anti-aging, bone metabolism and anti-cancer are summarized, hoping to provide references for clinical treatment and evidence-based medicine. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2014 Oct;34(10):1042-6. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract Cardiovascular | Review |
| 26433805 | Intraoperatively administered acupuncture may reduce immunosuppression in patients and lessen intraoperative anesthetic requirements, although the clinical usefulness of acupuncture in the intraoperative period remains inconclusive. | J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2015 Oct;8(5):264-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jams.2014.12.004. Epub 2015 Jan 20. | Immunity | Review |
| 27141629 | Results indicate that scalp acupuncture intervention can 1) improve cerebral blood circulation to promote regional energy metabolism, 2) up-regulate expression of glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), etc., possibly promoting proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the focal cerebral cortex and hippocampus, 3) reduce contents of excitatory amino acid and increase level of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to lower neurogenic toxicity, and relieve cerebral injury, 4) ease cerebral vascular immunoinflammatory reactions, 5) regulate blood lipid metabolism to resist cerebral free radical damage, and 6) inhibit cerebral cortical apoptosis. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2016 Feb;41(1):87-9, 93. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects Circulation | Review |
| 29071952 | Therefore, progress may be attained if a holistic, dynamic and networked study is conducted on the influence of acupuncture on cytokines by combining the latest progress in the mechanisms of network of cytokines and neuroendocrine immune network, and high throughput cytokine capture assay. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2016 Oct 25;41(5):469-73. | Immunity | Review |
| 29231537 | It is found that acupuncture could improve immune function, adjust central neural pathways, regulate gastroi-ntestinal hormone, increase stomach blood flow, regulate cytokines, increase gastric dynamics, control the gastric acid secretion, improve inflammatory response and regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis, which could strengthen gastric mucosa barrier. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2016 Oct 12;36(10):1117-1120. doi: 10.13703/j.0255-2930.2016.10.035. | Immunity Blood Flow | Review |
| 29888561 | From the perspective of the cutaneous and systemic neuro-immuno-endocrine networks, it undoubtedly prompts us to profoundly explore the underlying biological mechanisms of acupuncture. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2018 May 25;43(5):285-9. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.170911. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 30247955 | The questions revolve around determining the value of nutrition and nutritional supplements, assessing the role of exercise, addressing the mind-body connection, enhancing the benefit of immunotherapy, and determining the benefit of incorporating complementary therapies such as acupuncture and homeopathy. | J Altern Complement Med. 2018 Sep/Oct;24(9-10):862-871. doi: 10.1089/acm.2018.0175. | Immunity | Review |
| 30585450 | Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Immunity: the Actuality and Future. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2018 Dec 25;43(12):747-53. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180623. | Immunity | Review |
| 30585450 | Immunity reaction has been regarded as a key step for clinical acupuncture and moxibustion treatment. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2018 Dec 25;43(12):747-53. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180623. | Immunity | Review |
| 30585450 | In the present paper, we review current situations about studies on acupuncture-moxibustion induced immunoregulation from 1) related project fundings of National Natural Science Foundation (NCFS) of China from 1989-2017; 2) papers published in SCI and Chinese medical journals from 2010-2018; 3) clinical conditions or disorders treated by acupuncture and moxibustion and their clinical therapeutic effects; 4) the commonly used acupoints for studying immune regulation functions; 5) some mechanisms of innate immunity and adaptive immunity involved; and 6) immune adjustment pathways involved. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2018 Dec 25;43(12):747-53. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180623. | Immunity | Review |
| 30585450 | Moreover, in our future studies, we suggest to pay more attention to 1) the detailed cellular molecular mechanisms; 2) interactions among the immune cells, the immune cells and non-immune cells and cytokines responsible for regulation effects of acupuncture-moxibustion; 3) interrelationship of different systems as skin-brain axis, brain-intestinal axis, nerve-blood vessel unit of brain tissues, etc. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2018 Dec 25;43(12):747-53. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180623. | Immunity | Review |
| 30585450 | involving acupuncture-moxibustion induced immunoregulation by using new techniques as proteomics, genomics, two-photon imaging technology, tracer technique, cryo-electronic microscope technology, etc. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2018 Dec 25;43(12):747-53. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180623. | Immunity | Review |
| 30707414 | Lines of evidence have pointed out that the regulation of neuro-endocrine-immune networks may be a common switch of acupuncture on different nerve system diseases. | Chin J Integr Med. 2020 Apr;26(4):310-320. doi: 10.1007/s11655-019-3150-3. Epub 2019 Feb 1. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 30743042 | CASE DESCRIPTION: A 47-year-old immunosuppressed woman presented with fever, altered level of consciousness, dysphasia, and a left occipital subgaleal fluctuant mass after acupuncture for headaches in the same area. | World Neurosurg. 2019 May;125:519-526.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.01.189. Epub 2019 Feb 8. | Immunity | Review |
| 30942045 | The relevant literature of pathogenesis of essential hypertension (EH) and the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment of EH was retrieved from January 1, 1999 to February 28, 2018 in the CNKI and PubMed databases, and aimed to summarize and explore the mechanism of antihypertensive by acupuncture.It has been found that acupuncture exerts antihypertensive effect by coordinating multi-system, multi-target, multi-layer adjustment mechanism, such as acupuncture inhibiting of central and peripheral sympathetic nerve activity, rejusting immune system and expression of inflammatory response factors, regulating the balance of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), improving vascular structure and function, the anti-oxidative stress and promoting autophagy. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2019 Feb 12;39(2):224-8. doi: 10.13703/j.0255-2930.2019.02.031. | Immunity | Review |
| 31344252 | The mechanism behind acupuncture's effects on the body and brain has not been completely elucidated, but there is evidence that acupuncture has effects on the endocrine, immune, and sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. | Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2019 Apr;74(4):241-251. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000655. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 31368288 | Possibility of acupuncture treatment of ischemic stroke via regulating intestinal flora-immune response. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2019 Jul 25;44(7):538-42. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180786. | Immunity | Review |
| 31368288 | In addition, acupuncture and moxibustion have a positive effect in regulating intestinal flora and immune inflammation. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2019 Jul 25;44(7):538-42. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180786. | Immunity | Review |
| 31368288 | Hence, in the present paper, we discuss their relationship and the possibility of application of acupuncture and moxibustion therapies to the treatment of IS according to the theory of ""intestinal flora-immune response"". | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2019 Jul 25;44(7):538-42. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180786. | Immunity | Review |
| 31368288 | It is thus reasonable to speculate that acupuncture and moxibustion can be used to promote the recovery of brain tissue injury and neurological function after stroke via correcting intestinal flora disturbance and reducing immune inflammatory response. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2019 Jul 25;44(7):538-42. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180786. | Immunity | Review |
| 31368288 | In-depth exploration of the role of ""intestinal flora-immune response"" in the treatment of IS and the specific regulatory function of acupuncture and moxibustion will provide new ideas and research approaches to reveal their mechanisms in the treatment of stroke from a new perspective. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2019 Jul 25;44(7):538-42. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180786. | Immunity | Review |
| 31690401 | Unproven treatments and intervention methods for allergic/immunologic conditions include acupuncture, homeopathy, halotherapy, and autogenous urine injections. | Allergy Asthma Proc. 2019 Nov 1;40(6):490-493. doi: 10.2500/aap.2019.40.4278. | Immunity | Review |
| 32186125 | Mechanism of electroacupuncture on inflammatory pain: neural-immune-endocrine interactions. | J Tradit Chin Med. 2019 Oct;39(5):740-749. | Immunity Endocrinology Inflammatory Pain | Review |
| 32186125 | Furthermore, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, sympathetic and vagal nervous may serve as an essential pathway involved in the mechanism of acupuncture-mediated analgesia within the interactions of the central, immune and endocrine systems. | J Tradit Chin Med. 2019 Oct;39(5):740-749. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 33356047 | At present, various theories have been advanced on the action mechanisms of the acupuncture therapy for CP/CPPS, involving immunoregulation, improvement of inflammatory response, and so on, but all fail to give a full explanation. | Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2020 Jun;26(6):559-563. | Immunity | Review |
| 33622207 | This paper summarizes and discusses the possible mechanisms associated with acupuncture on the pathophysiology of IBS, including gastrointestinal (GI) motility, visceral hypersensitivity, the immune system, neurotransmitters, and the brain-gut axis. | Am J Chin Med. 2021;49(2):285-314. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X21500154. Epub 2021 Feb 20. | Immunity | Review |
| 33684727 | Acupuncture modulates immunity in sepsis: Toward a science-based protocol. | Auton Neurosci. 2021 May;232:102793. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102793. Epub 2021 Feb 27. | Immunity | Review |
| 33684727 | As a quick, non-invasive technique of peripheral nerve stimulation, acupuncture has emerged as a promising therapy to provide significant advantages for immunomodulation in acute inflammation. | Auton Neurosci. 2021 May;232:102793. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102793. Epub 2021 Feb 27. | Immunity | Review |
| 33684727 | Acupuncture obtains its regulatory effect by activating the somatic-autonomic-immune reflexes, including the somatic-sympathetic-splenic reflex, the somatic-sympathetic-adrenal reflex, the somatic-vagal-splenic reflex and the somatic-vagal-adrenal reflex, which produces a systemic effect. | Auton Neurosci. 2021 May;232:102793. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102793. Epub 2021 Feb 27. | Immunity | Review |
| 33684727 | These mechanisms offer scientific guidance to design acupuncture protocols for immunomodulation and inflammation control, leading to an evidence-based comprehensive therapy recommendation. | Auton Neurosci. 2021 May;232:102793. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102793. Epub 2021 Feb 27. | Immunity | Review |
| 35153276 | Some basic studies have indicated that acupuncture has various actions, such as analgesic, muscle relaxing, anti-inflammatory, mild anxiolytic, and antidepressant actions, with possible biological mechanisms such as central sensitization, neurotransmitters, the intestinal flora, immune regulation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. | Biosci Trends. 2022 Mar 11;16(1):73-90. doi: 10.5582/bst.2022.01039. Epub 2022 Feb 10. | Immunity | Review |
| 35259684 | The advantages of acupuncture are mainly reflected in regulating neuro-immune system, improving the quality of life, reducing fatigue, improving the bladder function, reducing the spasm and pain of the limbs, delaying the progression of the disease, and reducing relapses. | Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Apr;60:103715. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103715. Epub 2022 Feb 26. | Immunity | Review |
| 36949321 | We demonstrated the anti-inflammation or immunomodulation effects of TCM, including acupuncture, from basic and clinical research, including cellular and molecular approaches. | Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1411:435-458. doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_19. | Immunity | Review |
| 37406378 | The acupuncture regulatory network consists of three main components: the acupoint network, the neuro-endocrine-immune (NEI) network, and the disease network. | Pathol Res Pract. 2023 Aug;248:154652. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154652. Epub 2023 Jun 26. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 37598978 | Acupuncture is effective intervention, particularly in nerve, endocrine diseases and immune diseases. | Life Sci. 2023 Oct 15;331:122031. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122031. Epub 2023 Aug 19. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 37614142 | Based on the thoracic surgery, this paper analyzes and summarizes the application effects of modern acupuncture anesthesia, focusing on preoperative anxiety relief and advanced analgesia； reduce the dosage of anesthetics, stable respiration and hemodynamics, anti-stress and organ protection during surgery； postoperative analgesia, prevention of nausea, vomiting and cognitive impairment, improvement of gastrointestinal function, prevention of cognitive impairment, and enhancement of immunity. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2023 Aug 25;48(8):825-32. doi: 10.13702/j.1000 rectangle0607.20220655. | Immunity Hemodynamics Nausea and Vomiting Anxiety Organ Protection | Review |
| 37984914 | Results indicate that the role of acupuncture therapies in improving sepsis involves inhibiting systemic inflammatory response, alleviating oxidative stress, regulating immune system, and resisting cell apoptosis, thus having a protective effect on multiple organs. | Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2023 Nov 25;48(11):1159-1167. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221026. | Immunity | Review |
| 38191169 | CONCLUSIONS: The combined anesthesia of acupuncture-pharmacotherapy in pulmonary resection surgery could improve anesthesia and analgesia effectiveness, reduce anesthesia drug usage, regulate immune responses, suppress stress reactions, and the safety is satisfactory. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2023 Jan 12;44(1):109-122. doi: 10.13703/j.0255-2930.20221008-0005. | Immunity Stress Response | Review |
| 16824230 | is asked and answered on the website of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health: ""It is proposed that acupuncture produces its effects through regulating the nervous system, thus aiding the activity of pain-killing biochemicals such as endorphins and immune system cells at specific sites in the body. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2006 Jul 7;6:25. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-6-25. | Immunity | Review |
| 16824230 | In addition, studies have shown that acupuncture may alter brain chemistry by changing the release of neurotransmitters and neurohormones and, thus, affecting the parts of the central nervous system related to sensation and involuntary body functions, such as immune reactions and processes that regulate a person's blood pressure, blood flow, and body temperature"". | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2006 Jul 7;6:25. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-6-25. | Immunity Blood Pressure Blood Flow | Review |
| 16824230 | This rationale was also used to explain the effects of acupuncture on nausea/vomiting, obesity, Parkinson's, irritable bowel, immune function, lower esophageal sphincter relaxations, blood pressure, post-menopausal vasomotor symptoms, colitis and sleep quality. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2006 Jul 7;6:25. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-6-25. | Immunity Nausea and Vomiting Blood Pressure Sleep Quality | Review |
| 16824230 | Three studies referred to local effects of acupuncture on tissues or nerves or mechanical effects on connective tissue; other studies secondarily referred to changes in circulation, especially vasodilation, or effects on immune function. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2006 Jul 7;6:25. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-6-25. | Immunity Circulation | Review |
| 24278807 | Scalp acupuncture not only treats disorders, but also can prevent illness and help to build the immune system. | Glob Adv Health Med. 2012 Mar;1(1):102-21. doi: 10.7453/gahmj.2012.1.1.017. | Immunity | Review |
| 24322588 | Electroacupuncture also inhibits tooth pulp stimulation-evoked increase in the release of immunoreactive SP. | Anesthesiology. 2014 Feb;120(2):482-503. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000101. | Immunity | Review |
| 24322588 | In rats with tightly ligated and transected tibial and sural nerves, 1 Hz electroacupuncture at ST36 and Yinlingquan (SP9) significantly decreased nerve injury-enhanced, immune response expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in peripheral nerves. | Anesthesiology. 2014 Feb;120(2):482-503. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000101. | Immunity | Review |
| 24566146 | However, many other molecules and systems may also be stimulated by acupuncture resulting in a number of biological effects, such as modulation of stress, pain, autonomic activity and immune systems. | Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Feb 21;15(2):3234-52. doi: 10.3390/ijms15023234. | Immunity | Review |
| 24701237 | Combined with acupuncture, moxibustion treatment can effectively arouse the regulating function of meridian, thereby improving the body's immune function to relieve symptoms of EM. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:146383. doi: 10.1155/2014/146383. Epub 2014 Feb 19. | Immunity | Review |
| 24716183 | In the last half of the 20th century, many studies conducted in animals and humans have demonstrated multiple biological responses related to acupuncture, including (a) neural regulation, (b) endocrine regulation, and (c) immunological regulation. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2013 Oct;3(4):234-9. doi: 10.4103/2225-4110.119733. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 25548594 | In addition, it was found that acupuncture could promote the release of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity and reduce the muscarinic receptors total binding capacities in the thalamus of rats. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:950631. doi: 10.1155/2014/950631. Epub 2014 Dec 7. | Immunity | Review |
| 27217981 | There is an abundance of evidence that acupuncture modulates a wide range of endocrinological, neurohormonal, immunological, paracrine and autocrine factors. | Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep. 2016;5:110-118. doi: 10.1007/s13669-016-0156-0. Epub 2016 Apr 25. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 27833759 | To date, the prevention of trauma-related infection/sepsis has mainly included infection prevention (e.g., surgical management, prophylactic antibiotics, tetanus vaccination, immunomodulatory interventions) and organ dysfunction prevention (e.g., pharmaceuticals, temporary intravascular shunts, lung-protective strategies, enteral immunonutrition, acupuncture). | Mil Med Res. 2016 Nov 8;3:33. doi: 10.1186/s40779-016-0104-3. eCollection 2016. | Immunity Lung Protection | Review |
| 28239282 | Additionally, some publications suggest that acupuncture can possibly be part of a direct anti-tumor therapy, mainly due to its immunomodulating effect. | Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2016;20(6):453-457. doi: 10.5114/wo.2016.65604. Epub 2017 Jan 12. | Immunity | Review |
| 28239282 | According to this theory, acupuncture enhances anticancer immunity of the human body by natural killer (NK) cells stimulation. | Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2016;20(6):453-457. doi: 10.5114/wo.2016.65604. Epub 2017 Jan 12. | Immunity | Review |
| 28239282 | The majority of the researches carried out so far on immunomodulatory effects of acupuncture have been focused on the stimulation of ST-36 acupoint, located on the pathway of the stomach meridian (Zusanli point, which is located 5 cm below the patella and 2 cm lateral of the anterior crest of the tibialis anterior muscle). | Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2016;20(6):453-457. doi: 10.5114/wo.2016.65604. Epub 2017 Jan 12. | Immunity | Review |
| 28239282 | Hypothetical model explaining how acupuncture stimulates the immune system (based on) | Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2016;20(6):453-457. doi: 10.5114/wo.2016.65604. Epub 2017 Jan 12. | Immunity | Review |
| 28239282 | Table 1 summarizes possible immunomodulating effects of acupuncture. | Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2016;20(6):453-457. doi: 10.5114/wo.2016.65604. Epub 2017 Jan 12. | Immunity | Review |
| 28239282 | Since recent studies have brought about a significant progress in immunotherapy of malignant tumours, the strategy of implementing acupuncture into clinical setting, based on its immunostimulating potential, seems promising. | Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2016;20(6):453-457. doi: 10.5114/wo.2016.65604. Epub 2017 Jan 12. | Immunity | Review |
| 28632194 | Though acupuncture is safe when administered by appropriately trained and credentialed practitioners, there are some children who have a fear of needles or for medical reasons such as low platelet count or immunodeficiency that may not be recommended to receive acupuncture. | Children (Basel). 2017 Jun 20;4(6):50. doi: 10.3390/children4060050. | Immunity | Review |
| 28664077 | Acupuncture needling can affect multiple systems in the body including the nervous system, immune system, and cardiovascular system, so more than one research method is necessary. | Integr Med Res. 2014 Jun;3(2):41-48. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Apr 1. | Immunity Cardiovascular | Review |
| 28664077 | Acupuncture at HT8 reduced the severity of KA-induced epileptic seizures and the rate of neural cell death; it also decreased expression of c-Fos and c-Jun induced by KA in the hippocampus, as shown by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. | Integr Med Res. 2014 Jun;3(2):41-48. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Apr 1. | Immunity | Review |
| 28664077 | Acupuncture significantly alleviated memory-associated decreases in cholinergic immunoreactivity and BDNF and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element-binding protein (CREB) mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats following repeated exposure to exogenous CORT in the Morris water maze test. | Integr Med Res. 2014 Jun;3(2):41-48. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Apr 1. | Immunity | Review |
| 28851961 | We consider that acupuncture treat depression by multi-targets through neuroendocrine-immune system and the future researches should enlarge the sample size and further clarify the pathophysiological effects of different acuopints or acupoint combinations. | Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 29;7(1):9669. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09712-1. | Immunity Depression | Review |
| 28933377 | The further investigation of dynamic changes of the microcirculatory system, the immune system and the nervous system will be important in future studies on acupuncture mechanisms. | Medicines (Basel). 2014 Nov 20;1(1):56-63. doi: 10.3390/medicines1010056. | Immunity | Review |
| 29234450 | Moreover, the serum corticosterone level and TH-immunoreactive expression were also decreased in the ST36 group, compared to the group treated to the nonacupuncture point in the tail. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:9785345. doi: 10.1155/2017/9785345. Epub 2017 Oct 18. | Immunity | Review |
| 29722298 | Acupuncture intervention can significantly reduce the size of the infarcted area, improve cerebral blood circulation to promote regional energy metabolism, regulate blood lipid metabolism to resist cerebral free radical damage, inhibit cerebral cortical apoptosis, reduce the amount of excitatory amino acids to lower neurogenic toxicity, reduce calcium overloading, ease cerebral vascular immune-inflammatory reactions, and upregulate the expression of antiapoptosis genes and neurotrophic factors, thereby promoting the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the focal cerebral cortex and hippocampus. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Apr;13(4):573-583. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.230272. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects Circulation | Review |
| 30050856 | To give a few examples, acupuncture has been used to improve mobility in dogs with musculoskeletal pain, to relieve pain associated with cervical neurological disease in dogs, for respiratory resuscitation of newborn kittens, and for treatment of certain immune-mediated disorders in small animals. | Vet Med (Auckl). 2017 Aug 24;8:53-58. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S125609. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Review |
| 30050856 | The immunomodulatory effects of acupuncture have been examined in rats treated with electroacupuncture stimulation. | Vet Med (Auckl). 2017 Aug 24;8:53-58. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S125609. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Review |
| 30050856 | The study showed an enhanced level of immune cytokines (interferon-g), supporting the proposed immunomodulatory function of acupuncture therapy. | Vet Med (Auckl). 2017 Aug 24;8:53-58. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S125609. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Review |
| 30298094 | Scalp acupuncture has been reported to (1) improve cerebral blood circulation, promoting regional energy metabolism; (2) upregulate expression of glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), possibly promoting proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the focal cerebral cortex and hippocampus; (3) reduce contents of excitatory amino acid and increase level of GABA, thus lowering neurogenic toxicity; (4) ease cerebral vascular immunoinflammatory reactions; (5) regulate blood lipid metabolism to resist cerebral free radical damage; and (6) inhibit cerebral cortical apoptosis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Sep 12;2018:8107508. doi: 10.1155/2018/8107508. eCollection 2018. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects Circulation | Review |
| 30298094 | Recently, the inflammatory reflex (via the ANS) has been observed as potentially crucial for the antihyperalgesic effect of acupuncture: by regulating the immune system it can elucidate not only the analgesic, but also the anti-inflammatory mechanism of acupuncture. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Sep 12;2018:8107508. doi: 10.1155/2018/8107508. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Review |
| 30538761 | The area and the integrated optical density of the immunoreactivity for the acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction of the phrenic nerve were significantly increased following acupuncture treatment. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Nov 13;2018:5601846. doi: 10.1155/2018/5601846. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Review |
| 30618558 | Shi suggests that enhancement of NO levels in peri-infarction is closely relevant to iNOS immunoactivity and acupuncture may suppress iNOS immunoactivity via reducing the NO content in ischemic stroke rats (Shi,). | Front Neurosci. 2018 Dec 11;12:929. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00929. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Review |
| 30854010 | Acupuncture stimulation was reported to increase the expression of TRPV1 that was endowed with nNOS immunostaining of subepidermal nerve fibers in the acupoints. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 3;2019:5796381. doi: 10.1155/2019/5796381. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Review |
| 30855351 | Acupuncture could relieve pruritus after surgery, promote the recovery of postoperative immune function, and improve the patient's long-term prognosis. | Chin Med J (Engl). 2019 Mar 20;132(6):707-715. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000123. | Immunity | Review |
| 30915143 | More and more researches have shown that acupuncture is a kind of nociceptive stimulus, which can cause inflammatory reaction in the sites of acupuncture and then further activate the nerve-endocrine-immune systems to cause the cascade amplification of the acupuncture effect. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 24;2019:2326867. doi: 10.1155/2019/2326867. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 30915143 | The information of acupuncture is amplified by cascade, and the nerve endocrine immune system (NEI) is activated through the large network of meridians (Meridian Network) of the body itself. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 24;2019:2326867. doi: 10.1155/2019/2326867. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 30915143 | The nerve-endocrine-immune system (NEI) further outputs the effect information to the target organ through multilevel and multisystems and finally acts on the disease network (Disease Network) to produce acupuncture effect. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 24;2019:2326867. doi: 10.1155/2019/2326867. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 30915143 | The information of acupuncture is amplified by cascade, and the nerve endocrine immune system (NEI) is activated through the large network of meridians (Meridian Network) of the body itself. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 24;2019:2326867. doi: 10.1155/2019/2326867. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 30915143 | The nerve-endocrine-immune system (NEI) further outputs the effect information to the target organ through multilevel and multisystems and finally acts on the disease network (Disease Network) to produce acupuncture effect. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 24;2019:2326867. doi: 10.1155/2019/2326867. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 30915143 | Luo reported that a strip-like compound structure of mast cells, blood vessel, and nerve network is observed in acupoint area, indicating that interrelation and interaction among blood-vessel network, nerve network, and immune network are considered to be the key to reveal the mechanism of acupuncture treatment and the essence of meridians. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 24;2019:2326867. doi: 10.1155/2019/2326867. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Review |
| 30915143 | It is believed that acupuncture can cause specific response changes in the local microenvironment of acupoints, involving many aspects like divine meridian, endocrine, immunity, and so on. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 24;2019:2326867. doi: 10.1155/2019/2326867. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 30915143 | Acupuncture stimulates mast cell degranulation and produces chemokines such as histamine and eosinophils which activate the immune response. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 24;2019:2326867. doi: 10.1155/2019/2326867. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Review |
| 30915143 | As one of the initial factors of acupuncture effect, the inflammatory reaction further activates the nerve-endocrine-immune network to cause the cascade amplification of the acupuncture effect. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 24;2019:2326867. doi: 10.1155/2019/2326867. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 31118954 | There are a number of acupuncture studies showing its clinical effects on neuromuscular system, opioid system, immune regulation, hormone regulation, and so on. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Apr 16;2019:3051472. doi: 10.1155/2019/3051472. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Review |
| 31223326 | Based on the available evidence, NTCT including acupuncture, Qigong, and Tai Chi was found to possibly improve brain metabolites, brain activity, and immune and endocrine systems in patients with major depressive disorder. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 May 15;2019:2183403. doi: 10.1155/2019/2183403. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 31223326 | The mechanisms by which acupuncture leads to positive responses for MDD might be based on the following three pathways: (1) HPA axis, (2) LC-immunity pathway, and (3) negative feedback loop of the hippocampus. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 May 15;2019:2183403. doi: 10.1155/2019/2183403. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Review |
| 31379957 | With advances in understanding, more mechanisms of acupuncture have been determined, including the local segmental effect, somatoautonomic reflex, immune system regulation, neurotransmitter modulation, the neuroendocrine effect, and the functional connectivity neural network. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Jul 11;2019:2909632. doi: 10.1155/2019/2909632. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Review |
| 31517846 | One study reported that acupuncture intervention improved pulmonary function via promoting immunoregulation in COPD rats. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Sep;98(37):e17112. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017112. | Immunity | Review |
| 32011470 | As an idiomatical external intervention of TCM, acupuncture is considered to possess various physiologic functions, including neurohumoral regulation, immunoregulation, lipidolysis effect, and so on. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jan;99(3):e18775. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018775. | Immunity | Review |
| 32148660 | Application of Acupuncture to Attenuate Immune Responses and Oxidative Stress in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: What Do We Know So Far? | Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Feb 13;2020:9641904. doi: 10.1155/2020/9641904. eCollection 2020. | Immunity Cognitive Function | Review |
| 32148660 | Rather than simply suppressing the inflammatory response, acupuncture may play a dual role in the modulation of the immune system. | Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Feb 13;2020:9641904. doi: 10.1155/2020/9641904. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Review |
| 32148660 | Recent studies on macrophages may further support the idea that acupuncture can result in the bidirectional modulation of the immune system. | Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Feb 13;2020:9641904. doi: 10.1155/2020/9641904. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Review |
| 32215037 | Acupuncture might be useful in reducing injuries induced by sepsis in cardiac, lung, kidney, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and immune system. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 7;2020:3620741. doi: 10.1155/2020/3620741. eCollection 2020. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract Kidney | Review |
| 32215037 | In the past decade, studies reported the potential of acupuncture at ST36 for infectious diseases due to its numerous effects, such as anti-inflammatory, immunoenhancing, antioxidative, accelerating the recovery of various gastrointestinal disorders. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 7;2020:3620741. doi: 10.1155/2020/3620741. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Review |
| 32215037 | Acupuncture at ST36 exerted positive effects on immune barrier by increasing the percentage of T lymphocyte and reducing lymphocyte apoptosis in thymus and spleen. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 7;2020:3620741. doi: 10.1155/2020/3620741. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Review |
| 32215037 | Acupuncture at ST36 might play a protective effect on maintaining immune balance in sepsis animals by upregulating CA3+, CD4+, and CD8+ lymphocytes expression and restoring an approximately average level of CD4+/CD8+ ratio. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 7;2020:3620741. doi: 10.1155/2020/3620741. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Review |
| 32215037 | The present study indicated that acupuncture at ST36 could be useful in reducing sepsis-induced injuries in heat, lung, kidney, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and immune system. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 7;2020:3620741. doi: 10.1155/2020/3620741. eCollection 2020. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract Kidney | Review |
| 32337259 | For instance, promotion of cholinergic neural transmission is one of the main mechanisms of acupuncture, including alleviation of the loss of hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immunoreactivity and elevation of the activity of hippocampal choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). | Biomed Res Int. 2020 Mar 31;2020:5901573. doi: 10.1155/2020/5901573. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Review |
| 32590807 | This loop normalizes elevated FSH, balances the HPO axis and enhances the body's immunity.. In acupuncture and moxibustion, is a combination of acupuncture and moxibustion to treat diseases. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jun 26;99(26):e20958. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020958. | Immunity | Review |
| 32684734 | Takahashi et al reported that acupuncture at ST-36, but not at ST25, increased the number of c-Fos immunopositive cells at the NTS and DMV, while acupuncture at ST25 specifically increased the number of cells at the NTS and RVLM. | World J Gastroenterol. 2020 Jun 21;26(23):3182-3200. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i23.3182. | Immunity | Review |
| 33027406 | A hypothetical model has been proposed to explain how acupuncture stimulates the immune system by stimulating the ST36 acupoint. | Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2020 Sep 30;28:e3377. doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.4213.3377. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Review |
| 33229734 | Acupuncture is a benign process that has biphasic effects on the overall immune regulation. | Neural Regen Res. 2021 May;16(5):944-954. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297061. | Immunity | Review |
| 33229734 | Clinical studies suggest that acupuncture can reduce expression of various inflammatory cytokines and promote rehabilitation of nerve function by controlling the immune response of cerebrovascular inflammation, including molecules such as high-sensitivity C reactive protein and interleukin (IL)-1β (Wang et al., 2016). | Neural Regen Res. 2021 May;16(5):944-954. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297061. | Immunity | Review |
| 33584181 | A study in patients with chronic pain and serious psychiatric difficulties indicated that acupuncture treatment was associated with significant improvement in both pain and depression, and the degree of symptom relief was correlated with the degree of post-acupuncture increase in plasma met-enkephalin immunoreactivity. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Jan 27;14:626497. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.626497. eCollection 2020. | Immunity Depression | Review |
| 33868443 | The results of the meta-analysis showed that, compared with the control group, acupuncture intervention on CVA could enhance the total clinical effectiveness rate, reduce the relapse rate of drug withdrawal, relieve symptoms of cough, phlegm, and diaphragmatic congestion, and improve lung function-related indicators and immune inflammation indicators. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Apr 2;2021:6694936. doi: 10.1155/2021/6694936. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 33868443 | Numerous clinical studies and animal experiments have found that acupuncture can improve pulmonary ventilation function and anti-inflammatory activity, enhance immunity of the body, regulate the neuroendocrine network and other aspects, and treat asthma through multiple channels, levels, links, and two-way regulation. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Apr 2;2021:6694936. doi: 10.1155/2021/6694936. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 33868443 | For alleviating symptoms of cough, sputum, and XiongGe nausea, and improving the lung function index and immune inflammation index, acupuncture has positive significance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Apr 2;2021:6694936. doi: 10.1155/2021/6694936. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Nausea and Vomiting | Review |
| 34281592 | Evidence has shown that acupuncture has anti-inflammatory actions that affect multiple body systems, including the immune, locomotory, endocrine, nervous, digestive, and respiratory systems, by downregulating pro-inflammatory M1 and upregulating anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, as well as by modulating associated cytokine secretion. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract Endocrinology | Review |
| 34281592 | We further propose that macrophage polarization could be the principal pathway involved in acupuncture immune regulation and provide the scientific basis for the clinical application of acupuncture in inflammatory conditions. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 34281592 | In particular, we discuss the common cellular and molecular mechanisms by which acupuncture regulates macrophage polarization and, in turn, immune function. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 34281592 | We propose that macrophage polarization may be the principal pathway involved in acupuncture immune regulation, providing a scientific basis for the clinical application of acupuncture for inflammatory conditions. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 34281592 | Moreover, bioinformatics analysis showed that the key immune cells for acupuncture regulation in the inflamed ankle joint were monocytes/macrophages. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 34281592 | The above results indicate that acupuncture can regulate the polarization of monocytes and macrophages, which is important in the anti-inflammatory action of acupuncture in immune disorders. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 34281592 | Here, we summarize the potential pathways of acupuncture modulation of macrophage polarization via nervous, endocrine and immune regulation. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34281592 | This evidence indicates that acupuncture can promote recovery of the balance between the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune cell populations and their associated cytokines. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 34281592 | Role of neuroendocrine-immune network regulating macrophage polarization in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of acupuncture. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 34281592 | Through a review of the relevant literature, we have found that the anti-inflammatory effects of acupuncture in numerous diseases, including diseases of the immune, locomotory, nervous, digestive and respiratory systems, are closely related to macrophages together with their associated cellular signaling and cytokines. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract | Review |
| 34281592 | Therefore, we speculate that modulation of the nervous-endocrine-immune system leading to the induction of macrophage polarization is an explanation for the effects of acupuncture. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34281592 | Nevertheless, there are still many unsolved issues, for instance, the relationship between acupuncture, the neural-endocrine-immune network, and the upstream mechanisms of macrophage polarization which are worthy of further study. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34281592 | Apart from macrophages, other immune cells such as T cells are also the targets of acupuncture, and the interaction between these immune cell populations still needs further investigation. | Chin Med. 2021 Jul 19;16(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13020-021-00466-7. | Immunity | Review |
| 34306150 | Based on a large number of clinical and animal experiments, the different mechanisms of acupuncture treatment for dysmenorrhea include relaxation of the meridians and promotion of blood circulation, modulation of immunity, activation of various neurotransmitters, reduction of VEGF, and regulation of abnormal prostaglandins, β-endorphin, dynorphin, electrolytes, and substance P levels in the body. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Jul 2;2021:6663602. doi: 10.1155/2021/6663602. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Circulation | Review |
| 34408622 | At the local acupoints, acupuncture can activate the TRPV1 and TRPV2 channels of mast cells, thereby promoting degranulation and the release of histamine, adenosine, and other immune mediators, which interact with receptors on nerve endings and initiate neuroimmune regulation. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | At sites of inflammation, acupuncture enables the recruitment of immune cells, causing the release of opioid peptides, while also exerting direct analgesic effects via nerve endings. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | Furthermore, acupuncture promotes the balance of immune cells and regulates the release of inflammatory factors, thereby reducing the stimulation of nociceptive receptors in peripheral organs. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | Recent studies have shown that acupuncture can provide both anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects by regulating neuron and immune cell activity in the central and peripheral systems. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | Meanwhile, acupuncture can also produce immune regulation at local acupoints by recruiting and activating immune cells and activating the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway, which then induces the release of immune mediators [monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and IL-6] that bind to receptors at adjacent nerve endings, thereby transmitting acupuncture signals. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | As demonstrated by the aforementioned evidence, acupuncture may directly activate nociceptive terminals and immune cells, particularly mast cells, via mechanically sensitive channel receptors. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | Together, this evidence shows that acupuncture can promote the balance of immune cells by regulating immune mediators, thus reducing the inflammatory response at local nociceptors. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | Recent studies have reported that acupuncture can activate distinct sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves that project to immune-related organs and modulate systemic inflammation. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | Acupuncture-Mediated Promotion of the Release of Analgesic Substances From Immune Cells | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | These studies show that acupuncture may promote the aggregation of immune cells containing opioid peptides in inflammatory tissues and promote the release of β-END and ENK, which may act on μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors at peripheral sensory endings to exert peripheral analgesic effects. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | However, the role of A1R in the immune regulation caused by acupuncture has not been explored. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | In summary, the interactions between the peripheral nervous system and immune system that underly the effect of acupuncture on inflammatory pain include the following: (1) Acupuncture can induce the migration of immune cells containing analgesic substances to target organs, where they release opioid peptides, cannabinoids, and other analgesic substances to achieve analgesia by blocking peripheral sensitization. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Inflammatory Pain | Review |
| 34408622 | (2) Acupuncture regulates the balance of immune cells and reduces the release of pro-inflammatory factors, thereby reducing the stimulation of peripheral nociceptive nerves by inflammatory factors. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | Acupuncture can reduce the levels of neuropeptides released by primary neurons, reduce the release of immune mediators from activated glial cells, and inhibit the interaction between glial cells and secondary neurons, thus inhibiting the transmission of pain signals. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | Acupuncture can reduce the activation of pain pathways by promoting the balance between immune cells and inhibiting inflammatory responses. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34408622 | Acupuncture can also recruit immune cells that secrete analgesic neurotransmitters, which then act on receptors to produce analgesic effects. | Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 2;15:695670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695670. eCollection 2021. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Research Progress on the Mechanism of the Acupuncture Regulating Neuro-Endocrine-Immune Network System | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34437474 | Since the theory of the neuro-endocrine-immune network was put forward, new insights have been brought into the understanding of the mechanism of acupuncture. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34437474 | This review summarizes the research progress on the neuro-endocrine-immune network related mechanism of acupuncture and discusses its current challenges and future directions. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34437474 | Clinical observations and primary research have indicated that the adjustment of Zang-Fu by acupuncture depends on the neuro-endocrine-immune network to a large extent. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34437474 | Mechanisms of Acupuncture on the Neuro-Endocrine-Immune Network | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34437474 | In addition, acupuncture can also indirectly affect the immune system by regulating the neuroendocrine system, specifically embodying the substances released by the neuroendocrine system acting on the corresponding receptors of immune organs and immune cells. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Therefore, whether acupuncture can affect the immune system by regulating acetylcholine is worth exploring further. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Therefore, despite the lack of relevant research, we reasonably suspect that acupuncture can mediate immune regulation by regulating opioid peptides. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | However, after the acupuncture treatment, the secretion of IFN-γ decreased, and the secretion of IL-4 was increased, thus showing the effect of controlling Th1/Th2 immune imbalance. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Effects of Acupuncture on the Immune System | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | As mentioned above, acupuncture can affect the immune system by regulating the neuroendocrine system. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Meanwhile, acupuncture is also able to influence the neuroendocrine system by modulating the immune system. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | A large number of studies have shown that acupuncture has a benign regulatory effect on the immune system, involving innate immunity and acquired immunity. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | The Effects of Acupuncture on Innate Immunity | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Meanwhile, acupuncture intervenes in the regulation procedure of immunosuppression through NK cells. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Electroacupuncture at the GV-20 acupoint can lower the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in central immune cells while also enhancing the expression of IL-10 through stimulating the sympathetic nerve and HPA axis, promoting microglia polarized toward M2 type and resulting in the increased secretion of neurotrophic factors. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Immune factors include lysozyme, defensins, complement, cytokines, etc., most of which can be bi-directionally regulated by acupuncture. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Currently, it is known that immune factors are involved in the regulation process of acupuncture in most diseases. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | The regulation mechanism of acupuncture on immune factors is mainly enacted through affecting the inflammatory response signaling pathway (such as nuclear factor-kappa B, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases, etc.) | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | According to different diseases, acupuncture bidirectionally regulates the generation of immune factors, forming a complex network of mutual influences to regulate physiological functions. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | The Effects of Acupuncture on Acquired Immunity | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Previous studies of acupuncture on cellular immunity regulation established that it can regulate the number of T lymphocytes and their subsets, adjust the conversion rate of T lymphocytes, and also modulate the ratio of CD4/CD8. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Acupuncture also performs two-way modulation on B cells, which are responsible for humoral immunity. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | found that the combination of acupuncture and immunosuppressive agents for the treatment of paraneoplastic syndrome can synergistically decrease the level of autoimmune antibodies, correct immune disorders, and improve electromyogram and nerve damage in patients. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | However, the author has found that there are inadequate studies on how acupuncture affects B lymphocytes directly to impact immunoglobulins, and relevant mechanisms need to be explored. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Nonetheless, acupuncture can affect humoral immunity indirectly by influencing the release of antigen-presenting cells, cytokines, complements, etc. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | There is an assortment of bioactive substances contained in acupuncture serum, such as antibodies and immune factors, which all have an important influence on the nervous system, immune system, cardio-cerebral vascular system, etc. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | On the one hand, humoral immunity triggers regulation and induces subsequent acupuncture effects; on the other hand, this effect is amplified by axon reflexes and neural interactions. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity | Review |
| 34437474 | Meanwhile, the effects of acupuncture on the interaction between various cells and cytokines under the neuro-endocrine-immune system are also unclear. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34437474 | Therefore, the combination of the evolving omics technology and the emerging analysis methods of biological information may facilitate the study of acupuncture and enable the mechanism of acupuncture on the neuro-endocrine-immune network to be revealed intensively. | Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 30;8(8):149. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8080149. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 34675729 | Acupuncture pre-treatment was observed to reduce oxidative stress levels, inhibit the hyperactivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis, as well as regulate the inflammatory response and disorders of the immune system in either ageing female rats or rats that were ovariectomized to mimic menopause. | Nat Sci Sleep. 2021 Oct 12;13:1823-1863. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S332474. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34729102 | The underlying mechanisms of the therapeutic effects of acupuncture and EA might be related to the regulation of the mitochondrial function, coordination of the activity of the nervous system, adjustment of the production of neurotransmitters, and alleviation of the immune responses. | J Cancer. 2021 Oct 11;12(23):7003-7009. doi: 10.7150/jca.55803. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34899943 | Acupuncture can further modulate the immune function in cases with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is majorly manifested by downregulating the level of serum inflammatory factor IL-18, IL-23, and TNFα and reducing the number of MCs in the colon, to improve pain, intestinal gas, bloating, and stool consistency composite score. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 3;2021:1907009. doi: 10.1155/2021/1907009. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34899943 | Some experimental studies have further reported that acupuncture can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors and immune cells in the rat model of dysmenorrhea. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 3;2021:1907009. doi: 10.1155/2021/1907009. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34916843 | Acupuncture acts on various parts of the central system, exerting analgesic effects through neurotransmitters, signaling pathways and immune responses. | J Pain Res. 2021 Dec 10;14:3773-3789. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S340961. eCollection 2021. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Review |
| 34930039 | These findings are actionable and support both the clinical use of acupuncture to relieve chemotherapy-induced leukopenia and further research regarding the use of acupuncture in patients experiencing immunosuppression when undergoing chemotherapy. | Integr Cancer Ther. 2021 Jan-Dec;20:15347354211063884. doi: 10.1177/15347354211063884. | Immunity | Review |
| 34930039 | This result is consistent with a pilot RCT by Pais et al, who investigated the effects of acupuncture on the immune system. | Integr Cancer Ther. 2021 Jan-Dec;20:15347354211063884. doi: 10.1177/15347354211063884. | Immunity | Review |
| 34930039 | Our result was similar to a previous meta-analysis conducted by Chen et al which pooled 31 studies and showed that various modes of acupuncture (acupoint needle insertion, acupoint injection, plaster application, and moxibustion) could ameliorate chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression (preventing reductions in Hb, platelets, and WBCs) through immunomodulation of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. | Integr Cancer Ther. 2021 Jan-Dec;20:15347354211063884. doi: 10.1177/15347354211063884. | Immunity | Review |
| 34930039 | These novel findings are actionable and support both the clinical use of acupuncture to relieve chemotherapy-induced leukopenia and further research regarding the use of acupuncture in patients experiencing immunosuppression when undergoing chemotherapy. | Integr Cancer Ther. 2021 Jan-Dec;20:15347354211063884. doi: 10.1177/15347354211063884. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | The Anti-Inflammatory Actions and Mechanisms of Acupuncture from Acupoint to Target Organs via Neuro-Immune Regulation | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | This study comprehensively reviews and presents literature from the last five years, showing that acupuncture indeed exerts strong anti-inflammatory effects in multiple biological systems, namely, the immune, digestive, respiratory, nervous, locomotory, circulatory, endocrine, and genitourinary systems. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract Endocrinology Circulation | Review |
| 34992414 | It is well known that localized acupuncture-mediated anti-inflammatory effects involve the regulation of multiple populations and functions of immune cells, including macrophages, granulocytes, mast cells, and T cells. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | Upon information integration in the brain, acupuncture further stimulates multiple neuro-immune pathways, including the cholinergic anti-inflammatory, vagus-adrenal medulla-dopamine, and sympathetic pathways, as well as the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, ultimately acting immune cells via the release of crucial neurotransmitters and hormones. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | Therefore, this study comprehensively reviewed the related basic literature from the last five years and summarized the anti-inflammatory effects of acupuncture in multiple systems, as well as explored the underlying mechanisms from acupoint initiation to signal termination within the target organs via neuro-immune regulation. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | Multiple studies over the last five years have revealed that regulating inflammation and preventing immune overreaction are the key principles regulating the acupuncture-driven anti-inflammatory action in numerous diseases. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | Acupuncture affects the immune system via innate and adaptive immune cells, such as monocytes/macrophages, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, and their related pro-inflammatory factors. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | Acupuncture offers a great advantage in consolidating the curative effect, in reducing the recurrence rate, and in improving immunity in digestive system diseases, such as hepatitis, acute/chronic pancreatitis, chronic atrophic gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and other inflammatory diseases (Table 2). | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract | Review |
| 34992414 | The aforementioned studies suggest a strong anti-inflammatory property of acupuncture facilitated by the inhibition of innate immune cells such as monocytes/macrophages or ILCs in the respiratory system. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | In addition, acupuncture suppresses airway inflammation and relieves pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial edema by regulating the Th cell imbalance in the subgroup of effector CD4 T cells in cells of the acquired immune system, thus exerting a therapeutic effect on both acute and chronic respiratory diseases. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | The multi-system anti-inflammatory effect of acupuncture involves the regulation of innate immune cells (such as macrophages, granulocytes, and mast cells) as well as adaptive immune cells (such as lymphocytes; Figure 2). | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | In the case of inappropriate immune response diseases such as asthma, acupuncture up-regulates Th1 cells and down-regulates Th2 cells to exert its anti-inflammatory function. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | The Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Acupuncture from Acupoint to Target Organs via the Neuro-Immune Regulation | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | As mentioned above, the anti-inflammatory effect of acupuncture is mediated by activating the immune response within the acupoints. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | Furthermore, Takahashi et al revealed that acupuncture at ST36 increases the number of c-Fos-immunopositive cells in the NTS and DMV, whereas acupuncture at ST25 increases the number of c-Fos-immunopositive cells in the NTS and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVM). | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | The Neuro-Immune Efferent Pathway of Acupuncture-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Effects | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | Based on the sympathetic nerve-mediated regulation of inflammatory responses, the effect of acupuncture is mainly affected by the concentration of neurotransmitters and immune cell surface receptor subtypes. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | In addition, the anti-inflammatory role of acupuncture is related to the regulation of brain-intestine intestinal flora and intestinal immunity. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | The extent of sympathetic activation and content of released neurotransmitters may explain the different acupuncture intensities that produce distinct immune responses, which requires further systematical examination. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | Through an extensive review of the relevant literature, we have established that the anti-inflammatory action of acupuncture combating multi-system diseases involves the regulation of infiltrating immune cells, along with their associated cellular signaling and cytokines. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 34992414 | Upon information integration in the brain, acupuncture stimulates multiple neuro-immune pathways, including CAIP, vagus-adrenal medulla-dopamine, and sympathetic pathways, as well as the HPA axis to release neurotransmitters and hormones that modulate immune cells. | J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21;14:7191-7224. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S341581. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35049206 | He was treated with mechanical ventilation, 2 courses of intravenous immunoglobulin, antichronic hepatitis B drugs therapy supplemented by hepatoprotection, acupuncture and rehabilitation. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Dec 3;100(48):e27989. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027989. | Immunity | Review |
| 35145373 | Acupuncture points (acupoints) are special modes on the meridians and enriched with nerve, vascular, and immune cells which connect to the specific organs and modulate the related body functions. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 25;15:781215. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35145373 | Since the 1970s, studies have found that acupuncture stimulation at abdominal and hindlimb regions was effective for various immune-related diseases including allergic disorders, infections, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases, where T cells over-activation or unbalanced Th1/Th2 immune responses played a pivotal role in co-occurred with an induced immune shift. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 25;15:781215. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35145373 | However, such reduction was prevented by phentolamine, an α-adrenoceptor antagonist, indicating that noradrenergic signaling played a central role in the immunomodulation of electroacupuncture. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 25;15:781215. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35145373 | Therefore, acupuncture treatment might have an immunomodulatory effect under Th2-skewed conditions to maintain homeostasis. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 25;15:781215. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35145373 | Similarly, our previous study also found that electroacupuncture at the hindlimb ST36 acupoint activated the sciatic nerve, which inhibited the expression of the gamma absorptiometry aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor in the vagal dorsal motor nucleus (DMV) cholinergic neurons to the excited vagal nerve, and in turn controlled local inflammation by suppressing the activation and recruitment of immune cells. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 25;15:781215. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35145373 | Although mild duodenal inflammation, a character with eosinophilic increasing and degranulation, and infiltration of T cells, was capable of giving rise to new ideas into immune-mediated pathophysiology, the mechanisms behind the action of acupuncture on gastroduodenal low-grade inflammation remained enigmatic. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 25;15:781215. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35145373 | Besides, present studies support the assumption that there was a potential communication between dysfunction of mucosal integrity and low-grade immune activation in the duodenum, but the causal relationship between these two factors in acupuncture needs to be further established. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 25;15:781215. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35145373 | More studies need to be done in these fields, which broaden our understanding of the importance in immune regulation by acupuncture stimulation, and for some gastrointestinal disorders, especially in FD. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 25;15:781215. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35145373 | Acupuncture may have the potential to improve the comorbidity of these FGIDs by suppressing duodenal immune activation through multi-pathway, but it is waiting to be identified. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 25;15:781215. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Review |
| 35168522 | Acupuncture, as a comprehensive treatment in depression, has the potential to alleviate depressive symptoms by targeting neuronal and synaptic remodeling and immune response. | Curr Neuropharmacol. 2022;20(4):738-750. doi: 10.2174/1570159X19666210609162809. | Immunity Depression | Review |
| 35241146 | Both stem cell transplantation and acupuncture displayed immunoregulatory and antioxidative stress ability through different mechanisms. | Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022 Mar 3;13(1):87. doi: 10.1186/s13287-022-02761-y. | Immunity | Review |
| 35241146 | reported that acupuncture downregulated the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and IL-1β, stimulated the release of complements, such as C3a and C5a, as well as the secretion of cytokines SDF-1 and TGFβ-1, which played a synergistic immunomodulatory effects when combined with stem cell-seeded cryogel/hydrogel biomaterials for treating the diabetic skin wounds. | Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022 Mar 3;13(1):87. doi: 10.1186/s13287-022-02761-y. | Immunity | Review |
| 35269431 | In the LI4 acupoint of normal rats, immunohistochemistry analysis finds that histamine is weakly expressed on MCs and becomes strongly expressed on MC, as well as on their separated granules after 3-min acupuncture treatment. | Cells. 2022 Feb 25;11(5):809. doi: 10.3390/cells11050809. | Immunity | Review |
| 35269431 | In normal rat LI4, serotonin-immunopositive MCs are present in subcutis and dermis, and their degranulation occurs in response to 3-min acupuncture. | Cells. 2022 Feb 25;11(5):809. doi: 10.3390/cells11050809. | Immunity | Review |
| 35269431 | Such localized inflammation is even supposed to play a vital role in a triggering acupuncture effect by initiating the systemic immune response. | Cells. 2022 Feb 25;11(5):809. doi: 10.3390/cells11050809. | Immunity | Review |
| 35280507 | Moreover, based on modified neurological severity scores and immunohistochemistry, a study regarding a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury revealed that electroacupuncture and mesenchymal stem cell transplantation interventions are better than MSC transplantation alone as they improve neurological impairment and upregulate VEGF expression around the ischemic focus. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Mar 3;2022:6847917. doi: 10.1155/2022/6847917. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35310023 | Based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, Professor Wu pointed out that warming acupuncture or the moxibustion of strong points has the effect of replenishing spleen Yang, strengthening the body and eliminating pathology, so as to improve the immune function of the body. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Mar 11;2022:2447529. doi: 10.1155/2022/2447529. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35310023 | Additionally, we reuse warm acupuncture for warming Yang, strengthening the spleen, and improving immune function. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Mar 11;2022:2447529. doi: 10.1155/2022/2447529. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35360658 | However, the mechanism underpinning the clinical effectiveness of acupuncture in UC patients is still not completely understood, although proposed mechanisms include modulation of gastrointestinal motility, visceral sensitivity, the neuro-endocrine-immune axis, inflammation, and the brain-gut axis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Mar 22;2022:8362892. doi: 10.1155/2022/8362892. eCollection 2022. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 35433299 | Although acupuncture is safe when administered by appropriately trained and credentialed practitioners, there are some children who have a fear of needles or for medical reasons such as low platelet count or immunodeficiency that may not be recommended to receive acupuncture. | World J Clin Pediatr. 2022 Mar 9;11(2):105-119. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v11.i2.105. eCollection 2022 Mar 9. | Immunity | Review |
| 35492706 | Another trial showed that abnormalities in T-lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin due to DI were normalized by acupuncture intervention. | Front Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 15;13:863134. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.863134. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35547876 | A randomized pilot study of 18 patients undergoing chemotherapy for colorectal cancer found that six acupuncture interventions from the second to the fourth week after the start of chemotherapy were effective in boosting the peripheral blood leukocyte and neutrophil counts after 4 weeks of chemotherapy and NK cell counts in the third and fourth weeks after chemotherapy, suggesting that acupuncture has a positive immunomodulatory effect on colon cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. | Front Oncol. 2022 Apr 25;12:864046. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.864046. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35547876 | It is suggested that acupuncture may promote increased proliferation of BM HSPCs, increasing the production of peripheral leukocytes that may contribute to promoting the organic immune function and TIME. | Front Oncol. 2022 Apr 25;12:864046. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.864046. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35570887 | Thirdly, acupuncture may have the efficacy of meditating the immune response for the achievement and maintenance of a successful pregnancy. | Front Public Health. 2022 Apr 28;10:858587. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.858587. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35600949 | At present, the recognized mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of IBD is that the vagus nerve regulates the immune response, mainly including 3 pathways: (1) cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), the stimulation signal of acupuncture and moxibustion reaches the intestinal nerve through the vagus nerve and the intestinal neurons release acetylcholine at the synaptic connection with immune cells α-7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding has been the release of proinflammatory factor (TNF-α); (2) splenic sympathetic anti-inflammatory pathway, the splenic nerve releases norepinephrine after receiving the signal of vagus nerve, which is related to the function of splenic lymphocytes β2 adrenergic receptor binding, and then through α-7-nicotinic Ach receptor inhibits the release of TNF-α from splenic macrophages; (3) the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis receives vagal stimulation, which causes the adrenal gland to release cortisol. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 May 13;2022:5814048. doi: 10.1155/2022/5814048. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35737304 | Physiologically, all acupuncture points share the same effects including fibroblast mechanotransduction, fascial interaction, neuromodulation leading to analgesia, fluid motion modulation and the manipulation of the microvascular environment.. Some points may specifically cause immune modulation, affect the autonomic nervous system, visceral organs, or the brain, modulate lymphatic flow or cause neuromuscular effects. | Vet Sci. 2022 May 26;9(6):252. doi: 10.3390/vetsci9060252. | Immunity Microcirculation | Review |
| 35755043 | This relationship between acupuncture and immunomodulation could underlie the benefits associated with its use in alopecia areata. | Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jun 9;9:868079. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.868079. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35768044 | Penza et al did not find pain improvements following electroacupuncture treatment in patients with neuropathic pain whereas Galantino et al reported some improvement in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-related peripheral neuropathy. | J Pain. 2022 Nov;23(11):1833-1855. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.06.007. Epub 2022 Jun 26. | Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Review |
| 35768044 | Preliminary data suggest that similar to electro-acupuncture this technique might modulate the activation of the neuro-immune system, but further research is needed. | J Pain. 2022 Nov;23(11):1833-1855. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.06.007. Epub 2022 Jun 26. | Immunity | Review |
| 35782337 | Research on acupuncture through targeted immune cells and inflammatory signaling pathways is warranted. | Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2022 Jun 22;2022:5259088. doi: 10.1155/2022/5259088. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 35884060 | Research indicates acupuncture may have local and distal actions, as well as influences on human biochemistry, the nervous system, circulatory system, immune system, and fascial networks. | Children (Basel). 2022 Jul 19;9(7):1076. doi: 10.3390/children9071076. | Immunity Circulation | Review |
| 36006224 | Bee venom treatment is performed in various ways, such as through apitoxin, bee venom acupuncture, venom immunotherapy (VIT), and live bee stings. | Toxins (Basel). 2022 Aug 18;14(8):562. doi: 10.3390/toxins14080562. | Immunity | Review |
| 36034938 | The mechanism of acupuncture analgesia, including opioids, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), signaling pathways, and the immune system, is being increasingly elucidated in recent years. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 19;2022:6297484. doi: 10.1155/2022/6297484. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 36119472 | With the improvement of early screening technology and treatment of lung cancer, the survival rate of lung cancer patients will be improved, and the advantages of acupuncture in early lung cancer as well as in surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and other situations will be increasingly obvious. | Front Oncol. 2022 Sep 2;12:921151. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.921151. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 36314416 | To indicate a role of acupuncture in immunity, Splenic Con A (Concanavalin A), Percentages of splenic T cell subsets and Splenic NK cells activity were tested. | Integr Cancer Ther. 2022 Jan-Dec;21:15347354221123788. doi: 10.1177/15347354221123788. | Immunity | Review |
| 36316824 | Focal acupuncture on BL18, BL20, and BL22 can reduce inflammation of the intertransverse ligament or tension of the spinal muscles, thereby improving pathological conditions of the sympathetic nervous system that strongly innervates the GI tract and affects motility, secretion, blood flow, and immune cells. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Oct 28;101(43):e29878. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000029878. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract Blood Flow | Review |
| 36340786 | Animal studies have suggested that acupuncture can decrease neuropeptides, immune cells, and proinflammatory and excitatory neurotransmitters, which are associated with the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Oct 20;16:1022455. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1022455. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 36340786 | The basic studies we included shows that acupuncture could reduce neuroinflammation by reducing the release of trigeminal-activated neuropeptides, inhibiting dural immune cells, and downmodulating inflammatory mediator levels, which are detailed discussion below. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Oct 20;16:1022455. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1022455. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 36340786 | There is insufficient research on how acupuncture affects immune cells in the brain. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Oct 20;16:1022455. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1022455. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 36340786 | As presented in Figure 3, we inferred from basic experiments that acupuncture may play protective effectiveness on neurons through several ways: (1) acupuncture may have the capacity to moderate neuroinflammation by reducing the release of trigeminal-activated neuropeptides (GCRP, SP, and PACAP), inhibiting dural immune cells (macrophages and mast cells), downmodulating inflammatory related mediator levels (PGE2, IL-1β, COX2, IL-6, TNF-α, VIP, ET, and MLCK); (2) acupuncture may have the capacity to reduces neuronal sensitization by reducing cytokine level (BDNF, Glutamate), relieving neuronal activation in migraine-related brain areas, and modulating endocannabinoid and serotonin system. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Oct 20;16:1022455. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1022455. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 36388203 | Similarly, in response to local inflammation caused by pain, acupuncture can increase the body's immune function, resulting in a significant decrease in serum inflammatory factors such as TNF and IFN, so as to reduce pain and edema. | Front Neurol. 2022 Oct 26;13:1010410. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1010410. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 36408345 | Acupuncture analgesia relieves patients' degree of pain and avoids addiction, immunosuppression, gastrointestinal injury, and other adverse reactions caused by taking analgesic drugs. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Nov 10;2022:3759181. doi: 10.1155/2022/3759181. eCollection 2022. | Immunity Adverse Reactions | Review |
| 36408345 | The effects of acupuncture on glutamatergic pyramidal neurons in the ventral medial PFC were observed by multichannel electrophysiology and immunohistochemistry. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Nov 10;2022:3759181. doi: 10.1155/2022/3759181. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 36532179 | Acupuncture can also improve autonomic function, increase heart rate variability, and participate in immune regulation and inflammation control. | Front Psychiatry. 2022 Dec 1;13:1051324. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1051324. eCollection 2022. | Immunity Heart Rate | Review |
| 36590284 | In addition, acupuncture can regulate central neurotransmitters, immune cytokines (Li,), a series of chemical factors (Wei et al.,) and antioxidant defense systems (Li,) to promote the restoration of balance between yin and yang in the body and achieve improved sleep. | Front Neurosci. 2022 Dec 15;16:1026759. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1026759. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Review |
| 36704010 | (1) Acupuncture modulates the interaction between nociceptive receptors and the inflammatory immune response, inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines, lipids, prostaglandin E2, 5-hydroxytryptamine, histamine, and nerve growth factor by immune cells, inhibiting peripheral receptor nociceptor sensitization and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 phosphorylation, alleviating peripheral sensitization resulting in pain relief. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Jan 10;16:1056102. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1056102. eCollection 2022. | Immunity Pain Relief | Review |
| 36756246 | In this study, we first comprehensively review the relevant basic articles on acupuncture for NP published in the last 5 years and summarize the analgesic mechanisms of acupuncture in terms of nerve signaling, neuro-immune crosstalk, and metabolic and oxidative stress regulation. | Front Neurol. 2023 Jan 23;14:1093849. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1093849. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 36756246 | Everyday new evidence confirms the analgesic effect of acupuncture on NP, this investigation summarizes the mechanisms associated with the analgesic effect of acupuncture in NP in terms of nerve signaling, neuro-immune crosstalk, and metabolic and oxidative stress regulation, to provide a reliable basis for better clinical acupuncture application for NP treatment. | Front Neurol. 2023 Jan 23;14:1093849. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1093849. eCollection 2023. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Review |
| 36760099 | Studies found that electroacupuncture has significant analgesic and sedative effects, enhancing immune function, and reducing the risk factors of decreased postoperative sleep quality. | Med Sci Monit. 2023 Feb 10;29:e938920. doi: 10.12659/MSM.938920. | Immunity Sleep Quality | Review |
| 36852393 | Available studies have indicated that acupuncture treats PD by regulating endocrine and analgesic substances, modulating immune-inflammatory responses, improving uterine blood flow, and reducing oxidative stress. | Pain Res Manag. 2023 Feb 18;2023:8307249. doi: 10.1155/2023/8307249. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Endocrinology Blood Flow | Review |
| 36925735 | Although acupuncture, as an effective external treatment, has accumulated a lot of valuable experience in the practice of treating chronic diseases, the mechanism of acupuncture on inflammation and immune function is still unclear. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Feb 28;17:1118508. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1118508. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 36925735 | Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to deeply study the mechanism of acupuncture anti-inflammation and immune regulation. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Feb 28;17:1118508. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1118508. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 36925735 | In this review, we summarized the new progress of acupuncture regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome activation-related signal pathway in the treatment of CNS diseases, which provides a theoretical basis for clarifying that acupuncture attenuates neuroinflammation and regulates immune cells. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Feb 28;17:1118508. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1118508. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 36930068 | Acupuncture can regulate sleep mechanisms by modulating immune cytokines such as interleukins. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Mar 17;102(11):e33213. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033213. | Immunity | Review |
| 36960418 | Acupuncture can reduce the release of substance P and inhibit the increase of β-endorphin secreted by immune cells, so as to alleviate the clinical symptoms of CP patients. | Pain Res Manag. 2023 Mar 14;2023:7754876. doi: 10.1155/2023/7754876. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 36968497 | In terms of treatment, acupuncture therapy can regulate the neuroendocrine-immune system of the body and improve the intestinal microenvironment, and it has the advantages of safety, economy, and effectiveness. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 9;17:934341. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.934341. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 36968499 | It is important to note, however, that although subtle duodenal inflammation characterized by increased eosinophils and mast cells with their degranulation has led to new insights into immune-mediated pathophysiology, there is limited evidence to support the effect of acupuncture on duodenal low-grade inflammation in FD, since most data come from studies that are not specifically targeted at this disease. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 8;17:1109510. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1109510. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37025378 | According to existing studies, acupuncture can treat diseases by conducting information exchange between immune-neuro-endocrine-microbial metabolism through brain-intestinal interaction. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 21;17:1146946. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1146946. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 37025378 | An immunofluorescence experiment reveals the fluorescence structure of tight junction proteins (Occludin and ZO-1) was restored by manual acupuncture intervention, and the fluorescence proteins showed continuity and enhanced intensity, maintaining the intestinal mucosal barrier. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 21;17:1146946. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1146946. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37025378 | In addition, there is evidence that VIP can improve the immunity of intestinal mucosa, and it is also associated with biological depression, thus, acupuncture may be a mediator of gut-brain communication. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 21;17:1146946. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1146946. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Depression | Review |
| 37025378 | observed that after manual acupuncture intervention, the fluorescence intensity of LPS that could be stained by immunofluorescence decreased, as well as the number of cells that could express glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the lamina propria of the intestine and the contents of LPS and TNF-α in serum and intestinal tract. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 21;17:1146946. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1146946. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37025378 | In their previous experiment, discovered that electroacupuncture could inhibit the proinflammatory factors IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 through TLR4 signaling via MyD88-dependent pathway to prevent excessive immune response in the whole body. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 21;17:1146946. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1146946. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37025378 | In their study, found that electroacupuncture regulated the increase in the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota, positively correlated with the improvement in the percentage of Treg cells in CD4+ T lymphocytes, and negatively correlated with the percentage of Th17, indicating that a possible mechanism by which electroacupuncture may regulate gut microbiota structure is through its effects on the internal immune environment. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 21;17:1146946. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1146946. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37025378 | This paper examines the relationship between intestinal flora and PSD and the role of acupuncture in this relationship to summarize acupuncture will be able to treat PSD through multiple targets (Protect the intestinal mucosal barrier system, avoid overactivity of the HPA axis to activate intestinal immunity, regulate metabolites and metabolic pathways to maintain intestinal homeostasis, control the balance of inflammatory cells and inflammatory factors, avoid neuroinflammation and protect central neurons), and proposes that the common and core link of these mechanism is that intestinal microbiota regulates the local and systemic immune system. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 21;17:1146946. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1146946. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37025378 | The future should involve more researches to explore whether acupuncture can restore ecological balance of intestinal microbes in the immune deficiency model of depression to improve depression, and determine the causal relationship among the three to fill the gaps in current knowledge. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Mar 21;17:1146946. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1146946. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Depression | Review |
| 37038228 | The reported tiredness (3.28%, 40 SRs), discomforts (2.54%, 31 SRs), and psychological disorder (2.46%, 30 SRs) adverse effects may be attributed to improvement of the viscera function after acupuncture, blood adjusting well, short fatigue and discomforts after constantly improved body function, improved metabolism, and improved immunity and physical fitness. | Chin Med. 2023 Apr 10;18(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00743-7. | Immunity Adverse Reactions | Review |
| 37051548 | One study found that acupuncture might alleviate fatigue by influencing neuter regulation, endocrine regulation, immune regulation, rhythm regulation, and other aspects of cancer fatigue. | Front Oncol. 2023 Mar 27;13:1071326. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1071326. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 37058051 | It was reported that acupuncture may have modulation effects on immune system by reducing the release of inflammation factors and balancing the pro-inflammation and anti-inflammation cytokines. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Apr 14;102(15):e33537. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033537. | Immunity | Review |
| 37058051 | These data supported an immune-modulating effect of acupuncture and may partially explain its therapeutic mechanism. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Apr 14;102(15):e33537. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033537. | Immunity | Review |
| 37200784 | The mechanism of acupuncture treatment for PTSD may involve the regulation of neural circuits, neurotransmitter and receptor expression, signaling pathways, apoptosis, immune cytokines, and the endocannabinoid system (Li et al.,). | Front Behav Neurosci. 2023 May 2;17:1163718. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1163718. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37363406 | In recent years, the laboratory research on acupuncture for CFS was primarily on the basis of peripheral hemogram to explore the regulatory effect of acupuncture on peripheral nerve, immunity and metabolism among peoples with CFS. | World J Acupunct Moxibustion. 2023 Mar 17. doi: 10.1016/j.wjam.2023.03.002. | Immunity | Review |
| 37363406 | Acupuncture can reduce the immune responses in multiple dimensions. | World J Acupunct Moxibustion. 2023 Mar 17. doi: 10.1016/j.wjam.2023.03.002. | Immunity | Review |
| 37363406 | Acupuncture may reduce the immune response and apoptosis in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of CFS modeling rats by inhibiting the activation of hypothalamus NF- κB, Caspase-3, regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and TGF- β / Smad signaling pathway, so as to improve the central nerve injuries of CFS. | World J Acupunct Moxibustion. 2023 Mar 17. doi: 10.1016/j.wjam.2023.03.002. | Immunity | Review |
| 37397275 | Acupuncture has obvious anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on various diseases, which could regulate inflammatory cytokines and immune function and treat inflammatory pain with significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. | J Pain Res. 2023 Jun 27;16:2189-2204. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S415998. eCollection 2023. | Analgesic Effect Immunity Inflammatory Pain | Review |
| 37397457 | The above researches showed that acupuncture at CV17, CV12, CV6, ST36, SP10, GV24, GV20, KI3, BL17, and SP6 can regulate the state of immune cells, inhibit the activation of inflammatory pathways (TLR/MyD88/NF-κB, ERK, Sirt1/STAT3), and inhibit the release of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ, MIP-2, COX-2, and iNOS), and improve cognitive impairment after stroke. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Jun 15;17:1211044. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1211044. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37417606 | Furthermore, the practice of electroacupuncture to induce ovulation has been associated with circulating levels of beta-endorphin immunoactive substances and pituitary gonadotropin secretion. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jul 7;102(27):e34310. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034310. | Immunity Circulation | Review |
| 37543780 | Acupuncture has the potential to ameliorate depressive symptoms in patients and rats with PSD through the modulation of neurotransmitters, intestinal flora, immune-inflammatory responses, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Aug 4;102(31):e34561. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034561. | Immunity | Review |
| 37546517 | Acupuncture can improve the symptoms of depression by regulating the function of the immune system and reducing the inflammatory response. | Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2023 Aug 1;19:1741-1753. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S421540. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Depression | Review |
| 37637184 | This activates the body's positive immunity, and because Substance P is related to opioid receptors, dopamine and serotonin signaling pathways, acupuncture can improve POAS patients' protracted withdrawal symptoms and psychological dependence by regulating humoral-immune functions. | Integr Med Res. 2023 Sep;12(3):100976. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2023.100976. Epub 2023 Jul 28. | Immunity | Review |
| 37678839 | It includes the mechanisms of acupuncture in the periphery (immune cells and neurons, purinergic pathway, nociceptive ion channel, cannabinoid receptor and endogenous opioid peptide system) and central nervous system (TPRV1, glutamate and its receptors, glial cells, GABAergic interneurons and signaling molecules). | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069231202882. doi: 10.1177/17448069231202882. | Immunity | Review |
| 37678839 | Acupuncture mediates interactions between immune cells and nociceptors to regulate the peripheral purinergic pathways, endogenous cannabinoid systems, opioid peptide systems and nociceptive ion channels to regulate the above inflammatory factors to achieve analgesic effects. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069231202882. doi: 10.1177/17448069231202882. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Review |
| 37678839 | used multiple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to determine the cytokines/chemokines that are involved in anti-injury effects of acupuncture and moxibustion. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069231202882. doi: 10.1177/17448069231202882. | Immunity | Review |
| 37678839 | The above findings show that acupuncture regulates pain through multiple complex systems in the periphery, involving interactions between immune cells and nociceptors, the peripheral purinergic pathway, the endogenous cannabinoid system, opioid peptide systems and nociceptive ion channels. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069231202882. doi: 10.1177/17448069231202882. | Immunity | Review |
| 37678839 | Moreover, immune cells play an indispensable role in peripheral analgesic mechanisms of acupuncture.By expressing various pro-inflammatory substances (such as SP, IL-1β, and NLRP3 among others), they are involved in pain generation, and they also secrete anti-inflammatory and analgesic substances (such as IL-10 and opioid peptides, etc.) | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069231202882. doi: 10.1177/17448069231202882. | Immunity | Review |
| 37678839 | Therefore, immune cells are involved in almost all peripheral analgesic mechanisms of acupuncture. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069231202882. doi: 10.1177/17448069231202882. | Immunity | Review |
| 37678839 | The relieving effect of acupuncture on inflammatory pain is not a function of certain immune cells but involves interactions between various immune cells. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069231202882. doi: 10.1177/17448069231202882. | Immunity Inflammatory Pain | Review |
| 37678839 | In addition, acupuncture improves pain by regulating the expressions and secretion of various substances in immune cells as well as by dynamically regulating the local cellular communication network of inflammatory sites. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069231202882. doi: 10.1177/17448069231202882. | Immunity | Review |
| 37732301 | We found the upstream and downstream pathways of the acupuncture anti-Visceral Hypersensitivity (VH) process at hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis-mediated central and peripheral levels of neurons, glial cells, and neuro-immune circuits. | Front Neurosci. 2023 Sep 4;17:1251470. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1251470. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37732301 | Acupuncture inhibits local nerve cell integration of pain signals by regulating the intestinal neuro-immune network | Front Neurosci. 2023 Sep 4;17:1251470. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1251470. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37795371 | Acupuncture as multi-targeted therapy for the multifactorial disease obesity: a complex neuro-endocrine-immune interplay | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 37795371 | Recent evidence suggests that acupuncture exerts effect on the neuroendocrine system, modulates the immune system reducing chronic low-grade inflammation and regulates the microbiota disbalance associated with obesity. | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37795371 | The neuro-endocrine-immune regulatory mechanisms of acupuncture are now no longer a complete black box. | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Endocrinology | Review |
| 37795371 | Acupuncture involves multiple therapeutic mechanisms, including regulation of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, inhibition of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity and an immune-modulating action through a reduction in levels of proinflammatory cytokines. | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37795371 | The immuno-modulating effect of acupuncture is discussed below. | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37795371 | Acupuncture action on immune system and chronic low-grade inflammation | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37795371 | Mounting evidence has gradually recognised that acupuncture modulates and regulates the immune system in multiple systems and multiple diseases. | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37795371 | In murine models, general anti-inflammatory effects of acupuncture involve the regulation of multiple types and functions of the innate immune system, including macrophages, mast cells and granulocytes, as well as the adaptive immune system, such as lymphocytes. | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37795371 | Acupuncture controls the adaptive immune system by regulating the lymphocyte Th-cell balance as well as adaptive immune cytokines to initiate the immune response and repair damage. | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37795371 | Recent research in both animal models and humans has focused on the possible role of the gut microbiota in acupuncture, as acupuncture can potentially regulate the neuroendocrine-immune system of the body and improve the intestinal microenvironment. | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37795371 | An RCT reviewing EA performed in obese women noted no difference in the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, but positive effects in the anti-heat shock protein (anti-Hsp), concluding that acupuncture exerts immunomodulatory effects on the human immune system but not anti-inflammatory effects. | Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Sep 18;14:1236370. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236370. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 37810368 | Acupuncture treatment can inhibit immune inflammatory reactions, neuroinflammatory reactions, oxidative stress levels, and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, improve lung function, and relieve migraine, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. | Acupunct Herb Med. 2023 Jun;3(2):83-95. doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000062. Epub 2023 Mar 13. | Immunity Anxiety Depression | Review |
| 37810368 | The evidence indicates that acupuncture can improve the respiratory, digestive, nervous, and mental and psychological symptoms related to COVID-19 by inhibiting immune inflammatory reactions, regulating intestinal flora, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress level, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, neurotransmitter release, and HPA axis activity, and alleviating basic diseases such as diseases of the vascular system. | Acupunct Herb Med. 2023 Jun;3(2):83-95. doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000062. Epub 2023 Mar 13. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract | Review |
| 37810368 | Other studies found that acupuncture treatment can inhibit immune inflammatory reactions, neuroinflammatory reactions, oxidative stress levels, and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity; improve lung function, and relieve migraine, fatigue, anxiety, and depression.However, whether acupuncture treatment is suitable for the treatment of these symptoms in patients with COVID-19 still needs to be investigated. | Acupunct Herb Med. 2023 Jun;3(2):83-95. doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000062. Epub 2023 Mar 13. | Immunity Anxiety Depression | Review |
| 37810368 | Imbalances in between helper T cells (Th1/Th2) and regulatory T cells (Treg/Th17) play a key role in the inflammatory immune response of respiratory diseases,and acupuncture can increase the levels of IFN-γ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), reduce the levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-17, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), regulate the balance of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets (Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17), and improve airway inflammation. | Acupunct Herb Med. 2023 Jun;3(2):83-95. doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000062. Epub 2023 Mar 13. | Immunity | Review |
| 37810368 | Acupuncture can play a role in relieving anxiety and depression and promoting sleep by regulating neurotransmitters, immune inflammatory reactions, and HPA axis activity. | Acupunct Herb Med. 2023 Jun;3(2):83-95. doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000062. Epub 2023 Mar 13. | Immunity Anxiety Depression | Review |
| 37810368 | Acupuncture can improve COVID-19-related symptoms by inhibiting immune inflammatory reactions and regulating intestinal flora, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress levels, myocardial cell apoptosis, neurotransmitter release, and HPA axis activity. | Acupunct Herb Med. 2023 Jun;3(2):83-95. doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000062. Epub 2023 Mar 13. | Immunity | Review |
| 37810368 | Moreover, acupuncture regulates neurotransmitter release, immune inflammatory reactions, and HPA axis activity to improve anxiety, depression, and insomnia. | Acupunct Herb Med. 2023 Jun;3(2):83-95. doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000062. Epub 2023 Mar 13. | Immunity Insomnia Anxiety Depression | Review |
| 37861487 | Acupuncture can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy, strengthen immune function, reduce adverse reactions, and induce the apoptosis of tumor cells. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Oct 20;102(42):e35000. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035000. | Immunity Adverse Reactions | Review |
| 37861487 | Firstly, acupuncture can improve human immune function and inhibit tumor growth. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Oct 20;102(42):e35000. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035000. | Immunity | Review |
| 37941605 | Acupuncture not only reverses the poor remodeling of the nervous system but also activates the central opioid system and the innate immunological effector cells in the nervous system to ameliorate pain. | Front Cell Neurosci. 2023 Oct 24;17:1253438. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1253438. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Review |
| 38076135 | In TCM theory, most elderly people are believed to have deficiency of heathy qi (weak immune system in modern medicine), acupuncture can be used as a method to reinforce or tonify the body based on individualized pattern identification. | Heliyon. 2023 Nov 28;9(12):e22422. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22422. eCollection 2023 Dec. | Immunity | Review |
| 38165870 | In order to improve the evidence strength of the conclusion, more high-quality, large-sample, multi-center clinical randomized controlled trials are needed to comprehensively report the improvement of clinical symptoms, adverse reactions, and immune function indicators of MG, so as to further to verify the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of MG. | PLoS One. 2024 Jan 2;19(1):e0291685. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291685. eCollection 2024. | Immunity Adverse Reactions | Review |
| 38189090 | Second, regulating the immune system: acupuncture is believed to regulate immune system function and reduce inflammatory response in CKD, which may help reduce further damage to kidney tissues and promote repair and regeneration processes. | Ren Fail. 2024 Dec;46(1):2301504. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2023.2301504. Epub 2024 Jan 8. | Immunity Kidney | Review |
| 38213582 | It is generally understood that localized acupuncture-mediated anti-inflammatory effects involve regulation of multiple immune cell populations and their functions. | Heliyon. 2023 Nov 23;9(12):e22799. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22799. eCollection 2023 Dec. | Immunity | Review |
| 38215134 | Immunological studies on acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A review | Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jan 12;103(2):e36875. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036875. | Immunity | Review |
| 38215134 | The method has a regulatory effect on the mechanism of RA, in order to provide a reference and basis for acupuncture research on the immune mechanism of RA, and promote the further development of research in this field. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jan 12;103(2):e36875. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036875. | Immunity | Review |
| 38215134 | Studies have found that acupuncture and moxibustion participate in immune response, regulate immune links including immune cells and immune factors, exert immune modulatory functions such as analgesia, anti-inflammation, anti-infection, and antitumor, and play a positive role in the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases and infectious diseases. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jan 12;103(2):e36875. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036875. | Immunity | Review |
| 38215134 | This experimental result suggests that warm acupuncture can mediate the production of immunoglobulin and interfere with the expression of related inflammatory factors. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jan 12;103(2):e36875. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036875. | Immunity | Review |
| 38215134 | Yang F et al found that the foot swelling of AA rats was reduced after manual acupuncture of ST36, the levels of TNF-α protein and other pro-inflammatory factors in the ankle joint were down-regulated, and the cellular immune network in the inflammatory site was enhanced (the cell network density was 230.00 on the first day of acupuncture; Cellular network densities at days 7 and 15 were 40.82 and 86.76, respectively), demonstrating that acupuncture can increase the strength of immune effects on target organs, and at the same time promote the differentiation of macrophages in the joint site to the M2 phenotype, and secrete cytokines that inhibit inflammation and promote tissue repair. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jan 12;103(2):e36875. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036875. | Immunity Inflammatory Pain | Review |
| 38215134 | After acupuncture, the strength of immune effect is enhanced, and the cytokines related to inflammation inhibition and tissue repair are improved, so as to achieve labor pain and anti-inflammatory effects. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jan 12;103(2):e36875. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036875. | Immunity | Review |
| 38215134 | Although the immune mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy is still not completely clear, we hope to deepen the research through the development of modern medicine and the progress of science and technology, so as to play the unique advantages of acupuncture and moxibustion to relieve the pain of RA patients, and also lay the foundation for the modernization of traditional medicine. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jan 12;103(2):e36875. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036875. | Immunity | Review |
| 14714354 | [Effect of acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia on alteration of immune function in patients undergoing open-heart surgery]. | Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2003 Dec;23(12):887-90. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 14714354 | OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) on alteration of immune function of patients undergoing open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and to appraise the value of acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia in the operation. | Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2003 Dec;23(12):887-90. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 14714354 | It lowered in all the three groups after CPB, especially evidently in Group B, so as to cause the NKCA level in Group B lower than that in Group A. The lowering further progressed, 24 hrs after CPB, NKCA in Group B was more reduced than that in Group C. Levels of IFN-gamma and IL-2 lowered in all the three groups after CPB, and further lowered at time point of 24 hrs after CPB, but the parameters in Group C were significantly higher than those in Group B. CONCLUSION: EA could enhance NKCA, but acupuncture anesthesia couldn't inhibit the suppressive effect of CPB on NKCA, IL-2 and IFN-gamma, suggesting that the immunosuppression induced by stress has a prior effect. | Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2003 Dec;23(12):887-90. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 14714354 | General anesthesia plus EA yielded better effect than general anesthesia and acupuncture anesthesia, but it could't improve the immunosuppression completely, indicating that the compound anesthesia could partially improve the immunosuppression induced by CPB. | Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2003 Dec;23(12):887-90. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 15609591 | OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of different anesthesia Methods on the cellular immune function and mean arterial pressure, heart rate in patients with abdominal tumor in the peri-operational period. | Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2004 Nov;24(11):973-5. | Immunity Heart Rate | Clinic |
| 15609591 | RESULTS: Patients' cellular immune function after GA was lowered, which could be alleviated by combination of GA with acupuncture anesthesia (AA) or with epidural anesthesia. | Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2004 Nov;24(11):973-5. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 15609591 | CONCLUSION: EGA and AGA are good anesthesia choice in clinical practice, which would be favorable for early recovery of immune function in patients with abdominal tumor after operation. | Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2004 Nov;24(11):973-5. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 16903604 | CONCLUSION: The general anesthesia combined with EA can not completely improve the decrease of IFN-gamma and IL-2 induced by CPB, indicating that the good response of the general anesthesia combined with EA to stress can partially improve the immunosupression induced by CPB. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2006 Jul;26(7):503-6. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 23072093 | [Influence of acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia with different frequency electroacupuncture on immune function in patients undergoing pneumonectomy]. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012 Aug;32(8):715-9. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 23072093 | OBJECTIVE: To explore different frequency electroacupuncture in acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia on analgesic effect and immune function in the pulmonary resection patients in order to recommend the best electroacupuncture frequency in acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012 Aug;32(8):715-9. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Clinic |
| 23072093 | CONCLUSION: Acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia with 2 Hz and 100 Hz electroacupuncture together with 2 Hz/100 Hz transcetaneous acupoints electrical stimulation have the best analgesic effect, and 2 Hz/100 Hz transcetaneous acupoints electrical stimulation and 2 Hz/100 Hz electroacupuncture have the best regulation of immune function. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012 Aug;32(8):715-9. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Clinic |
| 23072093 | Acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia with 2 Hz/100 Hz transcetaneous acupoints electrical stimulation is recommended for that it can not only decrease the dosages of the anesthetics, but also significantly improve the immunosuppression in patients undergoing pneumonectomy. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012 Aug;32(8):715-9. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 23315447 | Electroacupuncture alleviates intraoperative immunosuppression in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy. | Acupunct Med. 2013 Mar;31(1):51-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2012-010254. Epub 2013 Jan 11. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 23315447 | The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of electroacupuncture (EA) on the dynamic equilibrium of the immune system and immune cell populations during the pericraniotomy period. | Acupunct Med. 2013 Mar;31(1):51-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2012-010254. Epub 2013 Jan 11. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 23315447 | CONCLUSIONS: EA appears to reduce immunosuppression of both the humoral and cellular components during surgery. | Acupunct Med. 2013 Mar;31(1):51-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2012-010254. Epub 2013 Jan 11. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 1686080 | Effect of low- and high-frequency TENS on Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe and dynorphin A immunoreactivity in human lumbar CSF. | Pain. 1991 Dec;47(3):295-298. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(91)90218-M. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 1686080 | The CSF samples were subjected to analysis of immunoreactive (ir) opioid peptides, Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe (MEAP) from preproenkephalin and dynorphin A (Dyn A) from preprodynorphin, respectively. | Pain. 1991 Dec;47(3):295-298. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(91)90218-M. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30277014 | Needleless Transcutaneous Neuromodulation Accelerates Postoperative Recovery Mediated via Autonomic and Immuno-Cytokine Mechanisms in Patients With Cholecystolithiasis. | Neuromodulation. 2019 Jul;22(5):546-554. doi: 10.1111/ner.12856. Epub 2018 Oct 1. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30277014 | CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the proposed needleless TN accelerates postoperative recovery after LC, possibly mediated via the autonomic and immune-cytokine mechanisms. | Neuromodulation. 2019 Jul;22(5):546-554. doi: 10.1111/ner.12856. Epub 2018 Oct 1. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | Combined acupuncture and general anesthesia on immune and cognitive function in elderly patients following subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity Cognitive Function | Clinic |
| 29391879 | This study investigated the effects of acupuncture combined with general anesthesia on postoperative immune and cognitive functions in elderly patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity Cognitive Function | Clinic |
| 29391879 | We measured hemodynamic immediately before and after anesthesia induction, and immune observations before and after surgery. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | We also found some time-points in which the immune markers where significantly higher in the experimental group. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | Thus, combined acupuncture and general anesthesia can shorten the recovery time from anesthesia, have less negative effects on immune function and decrease the incidence of postoperative cognitive impairment. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | Immune dysfunction easily occurs because of surgery trauma, stress due to anesthesia, and compromised autoimmunity in elderly gastric cancer patients. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | Here, we analyzed the immune and cognitive functions after general anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy, providing the basis for fast recovery and the prevention of POCD post-surgery. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity Cognitive Function | Clinic |
| 29391879 | Immune indexes | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | Immune indexes | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | Water pollution, overwork, unhealthy diet (excessive salt intake, fried, smoked and pickled food, hot diets and moldy food) as well as genetic and immune factors are implicated in gastric cancer. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | Generally, elderly patients have weak immunity and the stress caused by surgery can further suppress immunity. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | CD4+ belongs to the inducer T cell subsets, which have positive regulation of immunity. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | CD8+ belongs to the suppressor T cell subsets, which can cause disorders of immune functions. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | However, we found partial evidence for stronger immunity in the experimental group: C3+, C4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were higher in the experimental group at some time-points. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 29391879 | The stress responses caused by general anesthesia can increase the secretion of catechol and epinephrine, thus leading to suppression of immune functions of the T lymphocytes. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity Stress Response | Clinic |
| 29391879 | However, combined acupuncture and general anesthesia can control the stress responses and partially protect immune function. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity Stress Response | Clinic |
| 29391879 | In conclusion, compared with simple general anesthesia, combined acupuncture and general anesthesia can stabilize the hemodynamic indexes in elderly patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy, reduce adverse reactions after operation, and effectively improve immune function. | Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. | Immunity Adverse Reactions | Clinic |
| 35647012 | It can stabilize the internal environment of patients, alleviate postoperative stress response and inflammatory response, and regulate the body immune function. | Front Surg. 2022 May 12;9:901638. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.901638. eCollection 2022. | Immunity Stress Response | Clinic |
| 35647012 | Traumatic surgery often leads to stress state in patients and stimulates the immune system to release a large number of pro-inflammatory factors, damage vascular endothelial cells, and inhibit normal immune function. | Front Surg. 2022 May 12;9:901638. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.901638. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 35647012 | In recent years, some studies have shown that application of EA anesthesia can strengthen sedation and analgesia, stabilize the internal environment of the body, enhance immunity, and promote body recovery during the perioperative period, and can appropriately reduce the use of local anesthetics. | Front Surg. 2022 May 12;9:901638. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.901638. eCollection 2022. | Immunity Sedation | Clinic |
| 35647012 | Therefore, this study explores the effect of EA anesthesia combined with general anesthesia in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumor resection, and analyzes its influence on inflammatory factors, stress state and immune function. | Front Surg. 2022 May 12;9:901638. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.901638. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 35647012 | In addition, stress, inflammatory reaction and tumor can cause the body to be in an immunosuppressed state. | Front Surg. 2022 May 12;9:901638. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.901638. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 35647012 | Acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) and other acupoints has an immunoregulatory effect, and can strengthen cellular and humoral immunity by regulating the number and function of leukocytes, lymphocytes and immunoglobulins. | Front Surg. 2022 May 12;9:901638. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.901638. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 35647012 | In summary, acupuncture anesthesia combined with general anesthesia has good anesthesia effect in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor resection, which can stabilize the body environment of patients, alleviate postoperative stress response and inflammatory response, and regulate body immune function. | Front Surg. 2022 May 12;9:901638. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.901638. eCollection 2022. | Immunity Stress Response Acupuncture Anesthesia Effect | Clinic |
| 36034956 | A large number of studies have confirmed that auricular acupoint stimulation can produce double stimulation to the cerebral cortex, such as excitation and inhibition, and then exert analgesic and immune regulation effects. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36034956 | Psychological stress is an important factor that affects patients' attitude towards care and causes intense physical stress, while abnormal physiological changes can reduce immunity and aggravate inflammatory response, which is not conducive to postoperative recovery. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 23573118 | According to a well-known part of classical Chinese medical theoryxe2x80x94the Shang Han Lunxe2x80x94which is systematized in the xe2x80x9cAlgor Laedens Theoryxe2x80x9d of the xe2x80x9cHeidelberg model of TCMxe2x80x9d, severe postoperative pain arises from xe2x80x9cxue stasisxe2x80x9d (relative hypoxis of a tissue arising from a disrupted microcirculation) due to xe2x80x9cpost-traumatic algorxe2x80x9d (reduced microcirculation of a tissue following a trauma due to vasospasmic reflexes and immunological reactions). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:219817. doi: 10.1155/2013/219817. Epub 2013 Mar 14. | Immunity Microcirculation | Clinic |
| 24137250 | The effect of electroacupuncture on postoperative immunoinflammatory response in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | The aim of this study was to explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on immune function in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | Blood samples were collected at the following time points: before anesthesia (T0), 4 h after the induction of anesthesia (T1), 1 day post-surgery (T2) and 2 days post-surgery (T3) to determine the levels of tumor necrosis factor-xcexb1 (TNF-xcexb1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA and IgG. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | When comparing immunoglobulin levels after surgery, we established that the peripheral blood IgA levels in group C had decreased significantly compared to those of group A and group S 4 h after induction of anesthesia and 1 day after surgery. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | However, there was no significant difference between group A and group S. Compared with simple general anesthesia, acupuncture combined with anesthesia partially reduces immune suppression in the perioperative periods under the same conditions as the simple general anesthesia. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | Cytokines are not only mediators of inflammation, but also play an important role in the regulation of the immune system. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | Attenuation of the inflammatory response reduces injury-induced immunosuppression and is relevant to functional recovery. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | The aim of our study was to observe the effect of eletroacupuncture (EA) on cytokines and immune function and to investigate whether point specificity was present in EA. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | The following cases were excluded from this study: patients with immune, renal or central nervous system dysfunction, patients with congestive heart failure, exogenous hormone therapy (including steroids), prior experience of acupuncture, pregnancy, malnutrition, diabetes, malignancy, infection or inflammation. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity Kidney | Clinic |
| 24137250 | Blood samples were obtained at the following time points: before anesthesia (T0), 4 h after induction of anesthesia (T1), 1 day after surgery (T2) and 2 days after surgery (T3) in SSTxe2x84xa2II advance tubes (Becton Dickinson, Oxford, UK) for cytokine and immunoglobin concentration testing. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | When comparing the levels of serum immunoglobulin during the craniotomy, we observed that the peripheral blood IgA levels in group C had decreased significantly compared with those of groups A and S at 4 h after induction of anesthesia and 1 day after surgery (Fig. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | Surgery and the resultant stress response lead to a suppression of immune function. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity Stress Response | Clinic |
| 24137250 | The results of our study indicated that EA improves the immune function suppressed by surgery. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | Another study investigated the application of EA in 70 volunteers, and observed changes in immunoglobulin levels in the serum, saliva and gingival sulcus fluid. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | After surgery, the level of immunoglobulin decreased in the two groups. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | Acupuncture and transcutaneous stimulation analgesia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery did not affect the immune system, which was measured by the concentrations of immunoglobulin either during or after surgery. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | In our study, we observed that peripheral blood IgA of the patients in group C had decreased significantly compared with those of groups A and S 4 h after the induction of anesthesia and 1 day after surgery, which showed that EA in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy may affect the immune system as measured by the concentrations of immunoglobulins. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | Our study indicated that EA, in addition to its analgesic effects, prevented the decrease of immunoglobulin after surgery. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Clinic |
| 24137250 | Acupuncture-drug combined anesthesia should be used to partially improve immune suppression after surgery. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 28658163 | At 0xe2x80x8aminute before treatment of electro-acupuncture, 1xe2x80x8ahour after skin incision and surgery completed (T1xe2x80x933), blood samples were taken for detection of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and S100xcexb2 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Jun;96(26):e7375. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007375. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 28658163 | Acupuncture has an effect on the nervous system and immune system, which has analgesic effect, immune regulation, and regulation on the function of organs. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Jun;96(26):e7375. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007375. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Clinic |
| 30425466 | CNS-resident cells react to the peripheral immune signal and produce cytokines and other inflammatory mediators in the brain due to the altered permeability of the BBB. | Clin Interv Aging. 2018 Oct 24;13:2127-2134. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S183698. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33154688 | Moreover excessive stress caused by surgical trauma might disrupt the neuroendocrine system, hormone and cytokine levels, and immune function, and may cause inflammatory reactions. | Nat Sci Sleep. 2020 Oct 27;12:809-819. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S270739. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33154688 | Acupoint electrical stimulation has been proven to have obvious analgesic and sedative effects, which can enhance immune function and reduce postoperative complications, such as pain, and nausea and vomiting, which could improve postoperative sleep quality and promote the recovery of patients. | Nat Sci Sleep. 2020 Oct 27;12:809-819. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S270739. eCollection 2020. | Immunity Postoperative Complications Nausea and Vomiting Sleep Quality | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Radical mastectomy may lead to suppression of cellular immune function in patients with malignant tumors. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | However, there have been relatively few studies on the effects of TEAS on postoperative analgesia and immune function. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of TAES on postoperative pain and immune function in patients undergoing radical mastectomy. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Simultaneously, TEAS was able to reverse decreased serum levels of IL-2 and IFN-xcexb3, reduce the level of IL-4 and restore the balance of Th1/Th2, thereby partially attenuating perioperative immune function depression in patients with breast cancer. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity Depression | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Patients with malignant tumors often also display immune dysfunction. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | A number of factors may aggravate immune dysfunction during the perioperative period. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Recently, there has been increasing interest in the influence of perioperative immune function secondary to the surgical stress response, anesthesia and postoperative acute pain. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity Stress Response | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Perioperative immune dysfunction may predispose patients to infections, homeostasis disturbances, organ dysfunction and other related complications, including an increased mortality rate. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Therefore, it is crucial to take measures to protect the immune function of patients during the perioperative period. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Postoperative pain may trigger a strong stress response, stimulate the release of inflammatory factors and inhibit immune function. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity Stress Response | Clinic |
| 33488793 | However, opioid-induced immunosuppressive effects and adverse reactions including nausea, vomiting, sedation, dizziness and decreased gut motility may delay patient recovery, which limits the application of opioids. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity Adverse Reactions Nausea and Vomiting Sedation | Clinic |
| 33488793 | The concentration of immune cytokines and immunocyte in tumor tissues and plasma is closely related to the cellular immune response to malignant tumors, which may implicate the prognosis of malignant tumors. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Immune cytokines are primarily secreted by T helper (Th)1 and Th2 cells, which are associated with the cellular immune responses to malignant tumors. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Therefore, the release and balance of cytokines during the perioperative period have substantial implications for alterations to immune function. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | The present study investigated the serum levels of IL-2, IFN-xcexb3 and IL-4, and estimated the balance of Th1/Th2 by calculating the IL-2/IL-4 ratio to explore whether TEAS could improve immune dysfunction. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | The present study aimed to identify the effects of TEAS on immune function and postoperative analgesia for patients undergoing radical mastectomy. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | The exclusion criteria were as follows: i) Body mass index >30 kg/m2; ii) severe cardiac or respiratory diseases, significant renal or hepatic impairment or immune disorders; iii) history of immunosuppressive therapy (chemotherapy or radiation) or previous acupuncture/TAES therapies; iv) history of chronic pain, steroid or opioid administration, or alcohol or illegal substance abuse; v) high levels of C-reactive protein or leukocytosis (>10,000/ml) prior to surgery; and vi) puncture site infection or systemic infection. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity Kidney | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Immunological indexes | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Increasing evidence suggested that surgical trauma-induced stress or general anesthesia could lead to immunosuppression. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | A recent prospective and randomized pilot analysis investigated the effect of anesthetic technique on immunocyte infiltration in breast cancer. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | The analysis indicated that balancing general anesthesia with opioid analgesia could attenuate perioperative immunity. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Postoperative pain could lead to the release of inflammatory factors and result in immune disorder. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Therefore, minimizing the immunosuppressive regimen has been beneficial for patients with cancer. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | However, intractable opioid-induced adverse reactions, especially immunosuppression, could be easily overlooked. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity Adverse Reactions | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Although weak opioids (for example, tramadol) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs cannot inhibit immune function, they are rarely used alone for postoperative pain control, given their weak analgesic effects and side effects. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Analgesic Effect Immunity Side Effects | Clinic |
| 33488793 | In addition, Liang et al reported that TEAS was an effective adjunct to opioid therapy for moderate and severe cancer-related pain, and could reduce side effects and improve immune function. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity Side Effects | Clinic |
| 33488793 | In an animal experiment, electroacupuncture (EA) at LI-4 and ST-36 significantly enhanced the immune function of rats with gastric carcinoma after operation. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Moreover, EA at acupoint ST36 alone in mice may ameliorate inflammation and modulate immune function in collagen-induced arthritis. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | EA at acupoint ST36 has been revealed to be beneficial for preserving immune function and improving postoperative recovery. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | The present study demonstrated that immune function in both groups was suppressed after surgery, which was associated with downregulated serum levels of IL-2 and IFN-xcexb3, and increased serum levels of IL-4. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | TEAS returned the aforementioned cellular immune factors to the preoperative control value at a faster rate, exerting a modulatory effect on the immune system. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Similarly, surgical trauma has contributed to postoperative immunosuppression, which is associated with decreased expression levels of IL-2 and IFN-xcexb3, and increased expression of IL-4 in a surgical traumatized rat model. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | In the present study, TAES treatment increased the serum levels of IL-2, IFN-xcexb3, and decreased IL-4 secretion, suggesting that TAES could attenuate the postoperative immune dysfunction of patients with breast cancer via altering the expression of Th1/Th2 cell-associated cytokines. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Moreover, Li et al demonstrated that EA combined with anesthesia was able to reduce perioperative immunosuppression compared with general anesthesia alone. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Since the shift from Th1 to Th2 is associated with immunosuppression and cancer development, the balance between Th1 and Th2 cells is of importance in patients with cancer. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | In the present study, the balance between Th1/Th2 was measured to investigate the impact of EA on immune function. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Although the exact mechanisms underlying EA stimulation-mediated promotion of the functions of the immune system are not completely understood, previous studies have indicated that certain signaling pathways could be associated with the signaling mechanisms. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Additionally, the immunomodulatory effects of EA are likely connected with the MAPK signaling pathway, which serves an important role in the regulation of T cell activation and cytokine production. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | EA applied to the ST36 acupoint enhanced the level of immune cytokines and cluster of differentiation 4 in spleen cells via transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | Moreover, by acupuncture application, an increase in neurotransmitter levels, such as xcexb2-endorphin, serotonin, met-encephalin and leu-encephalin have been detected in the central nervous system and plasma, which have been revealed to exhibit immunomodulator effects on the immune system. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | However, pain relief could also have the potential to benefit immune function by reducing postoperative stress and inhibiting excessive release of inflammatory cytokines. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity Pain Relief | Clinic |
| 33488793 | In addition, the present study did not detect the influences on long-term sequelae, such as tumor metastasis, recurrence and mortality, which could be associated with perioperative immunosuppression. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 33488793 | To conclude, the present study indicated that TEAS maintained cellular immune function, alleviated postoperative pain and reduced the occurrence of opioid-related side effects, providing a novel insight for selection of postoperative analgesia. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity Side Effects | Clinic |
| 33488793 | The results of the present study may have implications for postoperative pain management in patients with cancer regarding immune function and postoperative recovery. | Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 34682857 | Blood concentrations of estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone were assessed using the chemiluminescent immunoassay sandwich method in the Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan. | J Clin Med. 2021 Oct 15;10(20):4731. doi: 10.3390/jcm10204731. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | The combination of TEAS and TAPB ameliorated postoperative pain, improved immune and gastrointestinal function, reduced the incidence of PONV, and effectively promoted postoperative recovery in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | However, preoperative anxiety, intraoperative pneumoperitoneum, and postoperative pain-induced stress reactions can suppress gastrointestinal and immune functions, seriously affecting postoperative recovery. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity Stress Response Anxiety | Clinic |
| 36098938 | Long-term heavy use of opioids can extensively suppress the immune system, leading to apoptosis of Txc2xa0lymphocytes and inhibiting Txc2xa0lymphocyte proliferation and activation. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | In animal studies, electroacupuncture (EA) of the Hegu (LI4) acupoint significantly enhanced immune function in rats with postsurgical gastric cancer. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | In addition, TEAS combined with TAPB improved immune and gastrointestinal function and reduced the incidence of PONV. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | Its physiological effects are similar to those of conventional acupuncture, with a wide range of applications in relieving nausea and vomiting and improving analgesia and immunity. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity Nausea and Vomiting | Clinic |
| 36098938 | Immune function plays a crucial role in a patientxe2x80x99s recovery. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | Anesthesia, surgery, and pain are all risk factors for postoperative immunosuppression. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | Clinical studies have shown that the level of recovery of immune function affects the prognosis and survival of patients with cancer. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | Txc2xa0lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+) are important indicators of the bodyxe2x80x99s cellular immunity. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | CD8+ Txc2xa0cells are cytotoxic Txc2xa0cells, and an elevation in their level indicates that the body is immunocompromised. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects | Clinic |
| 36098938 | The CD4+/CD8+ ratio reflects the normal immune status of the body. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | This imbalance may contribute to the postoperative immune damage common in these patients. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | TEAS is known to have immunomodulatory effects and can enhance cellular immunity in patients with malignant tumors. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | suggested that TEAS modulates the balance of Txc2xa0lymphocytes and the expression of related cytokines to reduce postoperative immune damage in patients with lung cancer. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | This suggests that TEAS may attenuate the immunosuppression of patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery by partially restoring the immune balance. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 36098938 | Our study showed that TEAS combined with TAPB ameliorated postoperative pain, improved immune function, maintained hemodynamic stability, and achieved shorter extubation time. | Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Improves Immunological Function During the Perioperative Period in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgical Lobectomy | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | The immunological function of patients with malignant tumors may be suppressed during the perioperative period. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | However, details on the effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on immunological function are relatively lacking. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | We designed this study to examine the effects of TEAS on the immunological function of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) during the perioperative period. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Patients with lung cancer exhibit numerous immune abnormalities, including cellular immune dysfunction, cytokine alterations, microcirculatory disturbances, and antigen presentation defects, due to surgical trauma and postoperative pain. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | However, immunological function could be further depressed during the perioperative period, which may predispose patients to septic complications, multiple organ dysfunction, tumor spread or metastases, and mortality during this period. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Therefore, it is of great importance to find approaches to attenuate perioperative immunological dysfunction. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Compared to traditional thoracotomy, video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy causes less trauma and has better visualization during the procedure, which helps to depress the inflammatory response, protect immune function, shorten the length of hospital stay, hasten postoperative rehabilitation, and decrease in-hospital mortality. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Protection of perioperative immunological function is one of the most important clinical concerns, particularly for patients with malignant tumors. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | According to the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine, surgical trauma could imbalance the state of the human body and disturb the movement of Qi (vital energy), while acupoint stimulation may restore the balance of Qi and facilitate recovery from bodily injury via exerting effects on the central nervous, autonomic nervous, immune, metabolic, and endocrine systems. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity Endocrinology | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Acupuncture could promote the release of cytokines activated by natural killer (NK) cells and enhance nonspecific antitumor immunity. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | The NK cells are natural lymphocytes that play a significant role in antitumor immunity and can express receptors, such as NK group 2D receptors, which recognize tumor cells and pathogen-infected cells via surface ligands. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Generally, serum levels of TNF-xcexb1 and IL-6 can reflect the levels of inflammatory reaction and humoral immunity. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Therefore, NK cells, TNF-xcexb1, and IL-6 were selected as the immunological factors of interest. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | The TEAS has been proven to provide perioperative immune system protection by regulating the balance of T lymphocytes and the expression levels of related cytokines and transcription factors, and the procedure may be a promising strategy for treating postoperative immunological dysfunction in patients with NSCLC. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | We conducted this randomized controlled study primarily to examine the effects of TEAS on the immunological function in patients with NSCLC undergoing VATS lobectomy. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | The serum levels of TNF-xcexb1 and IL-6 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Shanghai West Tang Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China). | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | This phenomenon is primarily related to tumor cell dissemination, perioperative stress response, and the inhibition of cellular immune function. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity Stress Response | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Perioperative immunosuppression allows tumor cells to escape immune surveillance and promotes tumor metastasis. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Accordingly, the application of preventive measures is of great significance to protect patientsxe2x80x99 immunological function, decrease perioperative immunosuppression, reduce tumor recurrence and metastasis, and improve the long-term prognosis of patients with cancer. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | The effects of acupuncture and related techniques on perioperative immunological function have been focused on extensively for the last decade. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | These studies indicated that stimulation at BL13 can improve immunological function and the prognosis for respiratory diseases. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Electroacupuncture at LI4 improved perioperative immunological function and inhibited tumor growth. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Recently, some experimental and clinical studies have shown that sequential electroacupuncture stimulation applied at ST36 performed well in the treatment of stress-induced immunodeficiency. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Electrical stimulation at ST36 can also activate the immune system and support anticancer treatments. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Studies demonstrated that acupuncture promoted the release of cytokines activated by NK cells and enhanced nonspecific antitumor immunity. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Additionally, a current study by Wu et al suggested that TAES was able to partially attenuate the postoperative immune depression of patients with lung cancer by regulating the balance of T lymphocytes and the expression levels of related cytokines and transcription factors, but they did not discuss the impact of TEAS on NK cells and related immunologic factors, such as TNF-xcexb1 and IL-6. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity Depression | Clinic |
| 30381011 | The NK cells are essential and critical effector cells of the innate immune system that spontaneously kill transformed and infected cells and represent the first line of the host immune defense against cancer and pathogens. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | Therefore, inhibiting the expression and release of inflammatory cytokines can reduce perioperative inflammatory response and protect the immune system. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | A review addressed that acupuncture exerted anti-inflammatory actions and inhibited macrophage activation and the production of TNF, IL-6, and other proinflammatory cytokines through central inhibition of the innate immune system. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 30381011 | In future studies, larger sample-sized, double-blind multicenter randomized controlled trials with a long-term assessment of tumor progression after surgery are warranted to gather more evidence on the detailed effects of TEAS on the immunological function of patients with cancer. | Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. | Immunity | Clinic |
| 10328635 | OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that low-voltage non-invasive electroacupuncture will improve the condition of neuropathic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. | J Altern Complement Med. 1999 Apr;5(2):135-42. doi: 10.1089/acm.1999.5.135. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12810357 | mantchuricus Swinhoe, was used to investigate the efficacy of a traditional immunosuppressive and immuno-activating Korean aqua-acupuncture, on the development of type II collagen (CII)-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2003 Jul;3(7):1001-10. doi: 10.1016/S1567-5769(03)00098-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12810357 | The onset of arthritis was observed at the 24th day after the CII-immunization in rats, and the severity of CIA was gradually developed. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2003 Jul;3(7):1001-10. doi: 10.1016/S1567-5769(03)00098-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12810357 | injected at doses of more than 50 microg/kg once a day for 14 days inhibited the ability of inguinal lymph node cells to produce T cell cytokines interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma when the cells were obtained from rats 24 days after immunization and cultured in vitro with CII. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2003 Jul;3(7):1001-10. doi: 10.1016/S1567-5769(03)00098-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12810357 | In addition, in order to evaluate the influence of DAA on the incidence and development of arthritis in rat CIA, rats were immunized twice at a 3-week interval with bovine CII, with DAA being given i.p. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2003 Jul;3(7):1001-10. doi: 10.1016/S1567-5769(03)00098-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12810357 | A 14-day course of DAA treatment at a daily dose of 100 microg/kg, which began on the day of the first CII immunization, suppressed the development of arthritis, as well as antibody formation and delayed-type hypersensitivity to CII. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2003 Jul;3(7):1001-10. doi: 10.1016/S1567-5769(03)00098-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12810357 | Treatment with DAA, which started on the same day as the booster immunization, also resulted in inhibition of development of arthritis and of immune responses to CII. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2003 Jul;3(7):1001-10. doi: 10.1016/S1567-5769(03)00098-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12810357 | However, treatment with DAA, which was prophylactically started prior to a primary immunization, did not inhibit the development of arthritis and immune response to CII. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2003 Jul;3(7):1001-10. doi: 10.1016/S1567-5769(03)00098-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15885905 | The expression of CART peptide in ARC was measured using immunohistochemistry. | Neurosci Lett. 2005 Jul 22-29;383(1-2):17-21. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.03.039. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 17005164 | Using an immunofluorescence double staining, we found that the number of double-labeled cells to the total number of the IB4 and NR1-labeled neurons increased significantly on days 3 and 7 after CFA injection. | Brain Res. 2006 Nov 20;1120(1):46-53. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.077. Epub 2006 Sep 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 14519957 | The body weight, paw volume of the knee joint and articular index were exploited as an assessment method addressing arthritic symptoms, and the expression profiles of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 at the subchondral bone of the joint were analyzed using an immunohistochemistry. | Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 Oct;26(10):1472-7. doi: 10.1248/bpb.26.1472. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 14519957 | The TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 positive cells in the immunohistological sections of subchondral bone region of the joint significantly decreased in HP-treated (ST36 acupoint) arthritic group as compared with those in non-treated or HP-treated (non-acupoint) ones, which was coincident with the behavioral studies. | Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 Oct;26(10):1472-7. doi: 10.1248/bpb.26.1472. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24875645 | RESULTS: After immunization, our results showed that compared to the cBSA+MET and cBSA+IRB medication groups, ""Qufeng Tongluo"" significantly lowered parameters of renal function and improved podocyte injury in the 3rd, 6th and 8th weeks of treatment. | J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Aug 8;155(1):277-84. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.019. Epub 2014 May 27. | Immunity Kidney | Mechanism |
| 15633814 | Immobilization stress (180 minutes) preferentially produced a significant increase in Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in stress-relevant regions including the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN), arcuate nucleus (ARN), supraoptic nucleus (SON), suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), medial amygdaloid nucleus (AMe), bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST), hippocampus, lateral septum (LS), nucleus accumbens, and the locus coeruleus (LC). | Am J Chin Med. 2004;32(5):795-806. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X04002405. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15182735 | mantchuricus Swinhoe (Nokyong in Korean), a traditional immunosuppressive and immunoactivating Korean herbal acupuncture [Int. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2004 Jul;4(7):963-73. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2004.04.010. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15182735 | Immunopharm. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2004 Jul;4(7):963-73. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2004.04.010. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15182735 | DAA suppressed the development of arthritis, even when it was administered after a booster immunization of collagen. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2004 Jul;4(7):963-73. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2004.04.010. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15182735 | DAA is a novel immunosuppressant which inhibits DHO-DHase and its effects in CIA suggest that it could be useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | Int Immunopharmacol. 2004 Jul;4(7):963-73. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2004.04.010. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 7889363 | The effects of single or repeated treatments with manual acupuncture (ACU), electro-acupuncture (ELACU) or physical exercise on neuropeptide Y (NPY), neurokinin A (NKA), substance P (SP), galanin (GAL) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-like immunoreactivity (-LI) in different regions of the rat brain were studied. | Brain Res. 1994 Dec 12;666(1):128-32. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(94)90294-1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15955428 | By immunohistochemistry, the changes of GABA expression level in the primary infarct area and its penumbral regions were examined. | Neurosci Lett. 2005 Aug 5;383(3):317-21. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.04.032. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15955428 | Concomitant to this was an up-regulation of GABA immunoexpression in MCAO rats with EA treatment (P < 0.05). | Neurosci Lett. 2005 Aug 5;383(3):317-21. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.04.032. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15755522 | Their anxiety-like behavior was evaluated using an elevated plus-maze at P62, and then NPY immunohistochemistry in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) was performed. | Neurosci Lett. 2005 Apr 4;377(3):179-84. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.11.097. Epub 2005 Jan 6. | Immunity Anxiety | Mechanism |
| 15755522 | In accordance with this behavior, the numbers of NPY-immunoreactive cells in the BLA were lower in the MS group compared to the control group. | Neurosci Lett. 2005 Apr 4;377(3):179-84. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.11.097. Epub 2005 Jan 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15755522 | Among maternally separated groups, the numbers of NPY-immunoreactive cells in the BLA were significantly higher in the HT7 acupuncture group, but not higher in the ST36 acupuncture group, compared to MS group. | Neurosci Lett. 2005 Apr 4;377(3):179-84. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.11.097. Epub 2005 Jan 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21704952 | Krt10 protein (approximately 56.5 kDa) was evaluated by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. | J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2011 Jun;4(2):102-6. doi: 10.1016/S2005-2901(11)60015-0. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20654703 | Though COX-2 expression in the spinal L4-L6 dorsal horn by immunostaining was significantly reduced by acupuncture just as well as by celecoxib, the superior analgesic mechanism of acupuncture appears well beyond COX-2 inhibition alone. | Neuroscience. 2010 Oct 13;170(2):655-61. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.07.031. Epub 2010 Jul 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32442586 | MATERIALS AND METHODS: We established a rat diabetic skin ulcer (DSU) model, and assessed healing effects of four HSF treatments on DSUs by calculating wound healing rates and immunohistochemical detection of the expressions of angiogenesis-related factors in the model rats (Mod) relative to normal rats (Nor), including Huiyang extract (HE), Shengji extract (SE), Huiyang Shengji extract (HSE) and HSE associated with acupuncture (Ac-HSE). | J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 Oct 28;261:112978. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112978. Epub 2020 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22020787 | The authors measured the degree of positive reaction to substance P, STAT6, nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappaB), and iNOS via immunohistochemical staining of the nasal mucosa. | Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012 Jan;146(1):19-25. doi: 10.1177/0194599811421736. Epub 2011 Oct 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 16224585 | Electroacupuncture stimulated cell immunity. | Bull Exp Biol Med. 2005 Jun;139(6):698-9. doi: 10.1007/s10517-005-0382-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29231528 | CONCLUSIONS: (1) EA at digestive system-related lower he-sea points, through IL-1beta, HMGB 1 and nAchR alpha7, could regulate immune response, lighten inflammatory reaction and reduce mucosal injury, which could realize the intervention effect on AGML rats. | Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2016 Oct 12;36(10):1071-1076. doi: 10.13703/j.0255-2930.2016.10.018. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract | Mechanism |
| 16457792 | To induce CIA, male Sprague-Dawley rats were immunized with bovine type II collagen emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant followed by a booster injection 14 days later. | Brain Res. 2006 Feb 16;1073-1074:305-10. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.12.086. Epub 2006 Feb 2. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 16457792 | Three weeks after the first immunization, BVA (0.25 mg/kg) injected into the Zusanli acupoint (ST36) showed the antinociceptive effect. | Brain Res. 2006 Feb 16;1073-1074:305-10. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.12.086. Epub 2006 Feb 2. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 17341691 | Immunohistochemical analysis showed that nuclei of muscle cells treated with EA for 1 mo, especially nuclei of satellite cells, reacted with anti-human PCNA. | Physiol Genomics. 2007 Jul 18;30(2):102-10. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00057.2006. Epub 2007 Mar 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18671899 | Golgi dying, double immunofluorescence method and RT-PCR were used to detect dendritic spine density, expression patterns of ephrin-A5 and the effect of EA on them at the end of the first, second and fourth week after ischemia. | Neurol Res. 2008 Nov;30(9):985-9. doi: 10.1179/174313208X325182. Epub 2008 Jul 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32304687 | Abeta and total Tau in the hippocampus and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were detected using western blotting (WB) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Brain Res. 2020 Aug 1;1740:146834. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146834. Epub 2020 Apr 15. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 2575342 | Electro-acupuncture modifies humoral immune response in the rat. | Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989;14(2):115-20. doi: 10.3727/036012989816358461. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 2575342 | The immunomodulating properties of ""Shangqiu"" (LP-5), ""Ququan"" (H-8), and ""Rangu"" (R-2) points were studied in several experiments performed on male Wister rats treated bilaterally by acupuncture (A) or electro-acupuncture (EA). | Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989;14(2):115-20. doi: 10.3727/036012989816358461. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 2575342 | On the stimulation day 3, the sheep-red-blood cells (SRBC) antigen was injected intraperitoneally and four days later, the immunological tests (plaque forming cells-PFC, direct microhemagglutination) were performed. | Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989;14(2):115-20. doi: 10.3727/036012989816358461. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 2575342 | The results obtained suggest pronounced immunomodulating properties of 200 Hz cathodal current stimulation at H-8 point. | Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989;14(2):115-20. doi: 10.3727/036012989816358461. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 2575342 | The immunosuppression observed reflected in a decreased number of PFC and reduced relative weights of adrenal gland revealed in all A- or EA-treated groups. | Acupunct Electrother Res. 1989;14(2):115-20. doi: 10.3727/036012989816358461. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30852906 | C-kit protein expression in the colonic tissue adjacent to the incision site was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Apr;37(2):125-132. doi: 10.1177/0964528419829755. Epub 2019 Mar 11. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30158109 | METHODS: After injection of CTB into the tissues at GB14, ST2 and ST6 in the rat, the neural labelling associated with each acupuncture point was revealed by fluorescent immunohistochemistry of the nervous system, including the trigeminal ganglion (TRG), cervical dorsal root ganglia (DRG), spinal cord and brain. | Acupunct Med. 2018 Dec;36(6):408-414. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011595. Epub 2018 Aug 29. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24161996 | OPGL expression level was determined by immunohistochemistry. | Acupunct Med. 2014 Feb;32(1):37-42. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2012-010271. Epub 2013 Oct 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15026155 | We examined the effect of acupuncture on nicotine-induced behavioral locomotor activity and c-fos expression in the nucleus accumbens and striatum utilizing the immunocytochemical detection of the Fos protein. | Neurosci Lett. 2004 Mar 25;358(2):87-90. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2003.12.121. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15026155 | Acupuncture at zusanli (ST36), but not control, significantly attenuated expected increase in nicotine-induced locomotor activity and Fos-like-immunoreactivity in the nucleus accumebns and striatum to subsequent nicotine challenge. | Neurosci Lett. 2004 Mar 25;358(2):87-90. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2003.12.121. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18401708 | This EA-mediated neuroprotection is associated with a decrease in the number of Bax immunoreactive neurons and an increase in the number of Bcl-2 immunoreactive neurons. | Neurochem Res. 2008 Nov;33(11):2214-21. doi: 10.1007/s11064-008-9677-x. Epub 2008 Apr 10. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 35970043 | We measured protein levels using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. | Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022 Oct 20;626:44-50. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.077. Epub 2022 Aug 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35245503 | neurologic function scale, muscular tension scale, foot balance test, and gait analysis), H-reflex recording, TTC, Western blotting, RT-qPCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence molecular assay, the study results illustrated that acupuncture could significantly alleviate the spinal hyperreflexia, decrease muscle tone, and enhance locomotor function by elevating the GABA, KCC2, and GABA(Agamma2) expressions in the lumbar spine of a rat model of post-ischemic stroke with spastic hypertonia. | Exp Neurol. 2022 Aug;354:114027. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114027. Epub 2022 Mar 2. | Immunity Motor Function | Mechanism |
| 15750371 | CONCLUSIONS: Taken together these results show that EA efficiently diminishes the bronchial immune-mediated inflammation induced in rats and that this effect is dependent on the choice of specific acupoints. | J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Feb;11(1):127-34. doi: 10.1089/acm.2005.11.127. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30843424 | After the 15-day treatment, the Morris water maze test, micro-PET(positron-emission tomography), H&E (haematoxylin and eosin) staining, and immunohistochemistry were used to study the differences between donepezil (SAMP8+D), acupuncture (SAMP8+MA), and donepezil combined with acupuncture (SAMP8+D+MA) therapy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Feb;37(1):64-71. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011310. Epub 2019 Mar 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 16116974 | With the in vitro study, the rat epithelial cells and fibroblasts were cultured together, and the localization of Cx43 was detected by immunohistochemistry and indirect immunofluorescent cytochemistry and under confocal microscopy. | J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2005;25(2):206-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02873578. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 16116974 | 5 V, 4-16 Hz , 30 min) was applied to ""Zusanli"" acupoint for 30 min at rat's hind paw, the localization of Cx43 was immunohistochemically detected. | J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2005;25(2):206-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02873578. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 16116974 | The immunohistochemical staining and indirect immunfluorescent cytochemistry showed that Cx43 was localized on the surface of the cells and in the cytoplasm. | J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2005;25(2):206-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02873578. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 16814689 | Furthermore, BV injection increased Fos expression in tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons in the locus caeruleus, and this expression was unaltered by RTX pretreatment. | J Pain. 2006 Jul;7(7):500-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2006.02.002. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26773866 | Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the concentrations of 5-HT in the hippocampus. | Neurosci Lett. 2016 Feb 26;615:66-71. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.01.004. Epub 2016 Jan 8. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24789671 | The expression of TrkC was also confirmed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. | Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2014 Aug;10(4):612-25. doi: 10.1007/s12015-014-9513-4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24789671 | Differentiation potential of MSCs in vitro into neuron-like cells or oligodendrocyte-like cells was further demonstrated by using immunofluorescence staining. | Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2014 Aug;10(4):612-25. doi: 10.1007/s12015-014-9513-4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21643998 | The hypothalamic immunoreactivity (IR) of arginine vasopressin (AVP) was also examined. | Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2011 Nov;31(8):1123-7. doi: 10.1007/s10571-011-9718-x. Epub 2011 Jun 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22884518 | The nodes contain a variety of immune cells, usually enriched with mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils and histiocytes, as well as chromaffin cells, other granule-containing cells. | Cytokine. 2012 Nov;60(2):587-92. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.07.016. Epub 2012 Aug 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32310010 | At the end of the intervention, rat brain tissue samples were collected, and the microglial M1 polarization status was observed by immunofluorescence labeling of CD86, an M1 microglia-specific protein. | Acupunct Med. 2020 Dec;38(6):426-434. doi: 10.1177/0964528420912248. Epub 2020 Apr 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32310010 | An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression levels of inflammatory factors. | Acupunct Med. 2020 Dec;38(6):426-434. doi: 10.1177/0964528420912248. Epub 2020 Apr 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 17173870 | These experiments demonstrated that acupuncture inhibited the decreased of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity (IR) and generated a neuroprotective effects in the striatum (ST) and the substantia nigra (SN) on days 1, 3, and 7 post-MPTP injections. | Brain Res. 2007 Feb 2;1131(1):211-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.10.089. Epub 2006 Dec 14. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 18215464 | Meanwhile, by 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) specific immunodetection, the decreased cell proliferation in dentate gyrus (DG) of SAMP8 was greatly enhanced by the therapeutic acupuncture, suggesting acupoint-related specificity. | Neurosci Lett. 2008 Feb 20;432(2):111-6. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.12.009. Epub 2007 Dec 15. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 11210429 | Influence of acupuncture upon expressing levels of basic fibroblast growth factor in rat brain following focal cerebral ischemia--evaluated by time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay. | Neurol Res. 2001 Jan;23(1):47-50. doi: 10.1179/016164101101198271. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22796291 | Depression associated with inflammatory immune responses may be an important medical problem from the perspective of quality of life in old age because chronic inflammation is recognized to have a close connection with the aging process. | Brain Res. 2012 Sep 7;1472:149-60. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.07.009. Epub 2012 Jul 13. | Immunity Depression | Mechanism |
| 25292341 | The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and orexin A and B levels in the lung tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | J Integr Med. 2014 Sep;12(5):417-24. doi: 10.1016/S2095-4964(14)60040-6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25292341 | OX receptor mRNA levels and immunopositive cells were assessed with real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical methods, respectively. | J Integr Med. 2014 Sep;12(5):417-24. doi: 10.1016/S2095-4964(14)60040-6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 16355445 | In the present study, the effects of acupuncture on alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) and Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in the striatum and the nucleus accumbens (NAC) of rats were investigated. | Am J Chin Med. 2005;33(6):887-96. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X0500348X. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12668152 | In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of acupuncture on the nigrostriatal system in rat unilaterally lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 4 microg/microl, intrastriatal injection) using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor, trkB, immunohistochemistries. | Exp Neurol. 2003 Mar;180(1):93-8. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4886(02)00031-6. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 12668152 | Analysis via TH immunohistochemistry revealed a substantial loss of cell bodies in the substantia nigra (SN) (45.7% loss) and their terminals in the dorsolateral striatum ipsilateral to the 6-OHDA-induced lesion. | Exp Neurol. 2003 Mar;180(1):93-8. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4886(02)00031-6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27558235 | Therefore, this study investigated the role of Sanjiao acupuncture in the NSCs-treated hippocampus of a mouse model, senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) using Western blot, real-time fluorescent PCR, and immunofluorescence techniques. | Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Sep;54(7):5120-5130. doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-0054-5. Epub 2016 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 8714708 | The effects of repeated sensory stimulation (electro-acupuncture) and physical exercise (running) on open-field behaviour and on hippocampal concentrations of neuropeptide Y, neurokinin A, substance P, galanin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-like immunoreactivities were studied in WKY (wistar-Kyoto) and SHR (spontaneously hypertensive) rats. | Eur J Neurosci. 1996 Feb;8(2):382-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01221.x. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 8714708 | Significantly higher concentrations of substance P-like immunoreactivity, neurokinin A-like immunoreactivity and neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity were found in the hippocampus immediately after 3 weeks of treatment (electro-acupuncture and running), but not 1 week after the last (tenth) changes in neuropeptide concentrations were similar in the two rat strains. | Eur J Neurosci. 1996 Feb;8(2):382-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01221.x. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29519860 | Repair of the injured anal sphincter was compared using haematoxylin and eosin (HE) and immunocytochemiscal analyses with sarcomeric alpha actinin. | Acupunct Med. 2018 Aug;36(4):254-260. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011262. Epub 2018 Mar 8. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29519860 | RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of combined EA+BMSCs on damaged tissue was the strongest among all the groups as indicated by HE and immunohistochemical staining. | Acupunct Med. 2018 Aug;36(4):254-260. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011262. Epub 2018 Mar 8. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 7819540 | A similar anterior lobe response was caused by immobilization stress in awake rats but in this case Fos-immunoreactive cells extended into the intermediate lobe and were very abundant in the paraventricular nucleus. | Neuroreport. 1994 Aug 15;5(13):1649-52. doi: 10.1097/00001756-199408150-00027. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24496685 | The expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2 in rat endometrium was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and real-time PCR. | J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2014 Feb;34(1):91-98. doi: 10.1007/s11596-014-1237-9. Epub 2014 Feb 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24610411 | Blood was sampled to detect the HSP70 and TNF-alpha content by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. | Chin J Integr Med. 2014 May;20(5):369-74. doi: 10.1007/s11655-014-1800-z. Epub 2014 Mar 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23542071 | Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to measure total cell count and immunohistochemical staining to assess the increase in the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)-positive cells. | Acupunct Med. 2013 Jun;31(2):222-7. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2012-010294. Epub 2013 Mar 29. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12866201 | Immunohistochemical study showed a remarkable induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in astrocytes of the peri-infarct area at 30 days, more in EA treated groups than in groups treated with MCAO alone. | Neurol Res. 2003 Jul;25(5):516-21. doi: 10.1179/016164103101201751. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19429024 | We investigated the influence of acupuncture therapy on chronic CORT-induced behavioral responses to the forced swimming test (FST) and elevated plus maze (EPM) and expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rat brain using immunohistochemistry. | Neurosci Lett. 2009 Apr 10;453(3):151-6. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.01.076. Epub 2009 Feb 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19514190 | CONCLUSION: The brain aging of the SAMP10 mice is related with abnormal expressions of NF-E2, YB-1 and LRG47 genes; and acupuncture can regulate the expressions of NF-E2, YB-1 and LRG47 genes, strengthening the functions of erythrocyte series, increasing the proliferation of cells and enhancing the cellular immune function in anti-bacteria, hence delaying aging. | J Tradit Chin Med. 2009 Mar;29(1):54-9. doi: 10.1016/s0254-6272(09)60032-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30002000 | The intestinal epithelial cells were observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while protein expression of occludin was measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. | Acupunct Med. 2018 Oct;36(5):333-338. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011187. Epub 2018 Jul 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30002000 | Protein expression of occludin, reflected by immunohistochemistry scores (IHS) and the results of Western blotting, were significantly reduced in the CLP, CLP+EA and CLP+Sham-EA groups when compared with the Control, Sham-CLP and Control+EA groups (P<0.01). | Acupunct Med. 2018 Oct;36(5):333-338. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011187. Epub 2018 Jul 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1362034 | Using double labeling immunocytochemistry, the present work demonstrated the co-localization of Fos protein and serotonin in the nucleus raphe dorsalis, nucleus raphe centralis superior and rostral ventromedial medulla. | Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992 Oct-Dec;17(4):243-8. doi: 10.3727/036012992816357620. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20034453 | Tyrosine hydroxylase and phospho-Jun immunoreactivities in the substantia nigra and striatum were observed 3 days after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine injection. | Neurol Res. 2010 Feb;32 Suppl 1:88-91. doi: 10.1179/016164109X12537002794282. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20034453 | RESULTS: Bee venom acupuncture prevented the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced loss of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra and striatum. | Neurol Res. 2010 Feb;32 Suppl 1:88-91. doi: 10.1179/016164109X12537002794282. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20034453 | Moreover, bee venom acupuncture attenuated 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced phospho-Jun immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra. | Neurol Res. 2010 Feb;32 Suppl 1:88-91. doi: 10.1179/016164109X12537002794282. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18834924 | nNOS expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry of nNOS and histochemistry of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d). | Neurosci Lett. 2008 Dec 3;446(2-3):78-82. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.09.049. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 9597120 | Effects of physical activity and acupuncture on calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in different parts of the rat brain and in cerebrospinal fluid, serum and urine. | Acta Physiol Scand. 1998 Apr;162(4):517-22. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-201X.1998.0317e.x. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25074385 | Previous studies have reported immunomodulatory effects of EA in rats. | Br J Anaesth. 2015 Jan;114(1):150-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeu199. Epub 2014 Jul 29. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25074385 | Spinal IFN-gamma and P2X4R expression levels were measured by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, enzyme immunoassay, and/or western blots. | Br J Anaesth. 2015 Jan;114(1):150-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeu199. Epub 2014 Jul 29. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20546685 | The vascular endothelial cell (EC) proliferation were stained by double-immunofluorescence labeling method (Ki67 and vWF), region cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF), and the neurological scores was assessed. | Neurol Res. 2011 Jan;33(1):101-7. doi: 10.1179/016164110X12714125204317. Epub 2010 Jun 11. | Immunity Blood Flow | Mechanism |
| 1383896 | ST evoked increase in release of immunoreactive SP (iSP). | Neurosci Lett. 1992 Aug 3;142(1):53-6. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(92)90618-h. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18186956 | Three hours after injection, the survival of neuronal cells and the expressions of c-Fos, c-Jun, and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)-67 in the CA1 and CA3 were determined using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting techniques. | J Physiol Sci. 2008 Feb;58(1):31-8. doi: 10.2170/physiolsci.RP010907. Epub 2008 Jan 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12480178 | After 24 sessions of EA stimulation (28 days after MFB transection), dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midbrain were examined by immunohistochemical staining, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA levels in ventral midbrain were measured by in situ hybridization. | Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2002 Dec;108(1-2):51-9. doi: 10.1016/s0169-328x(02)00513-2. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25579380 | Pretreatment (every 3 days from 1 h before immunization) with BVA was more effective than posttreatment (daily after immunization) with BVA with respect to clinical signs (neurological impairment and loss of body weight) of acute EAE rats. | Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Apr;53(3):1419-1445. doi: 10.1007/s12035-014-9012-2. Epub 2015 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19056464 | Acupuncture inhibited decreases in the immunoreactivities of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) that occurred as a result of MPTP neurotoxicity. | Neurosci Lett. 2009 Jan 30;450(2):92-6. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.11.049. Epub 2008 Nov 27. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects | Mechanism |
| 26037401 | Brain tissues were harvested for lactate concentration examination, immunohistochemical staining, Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses for the expressions of lactate transporter (monocarboxylate transporter 1, MCT1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). | Life Sci. 2015 Aug 1;134:68-72. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.05.014. Epub 2015 May 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25968478 | With immunohistochemical staining method, we observed c-fos expression, distribution and changes after acupuncture on sensory pathway, including colorectum, spinal dorsal horn and different regions of brain center in the model with colorectal distension stimulation, and evaluated the acupuncture effect on brain-gut axis. | Neurochem Res. 2015 Jun;40(6):1274-82. doi: 10.1007/s11064-015-1587-0. Epub 2015 May 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 16459202 | Electrical acupuncture decreased the number of AVP, not OXT, L-Ek, beta-Ep and DynA(1-13) immunoreactive cells in PVH using immunocytochemistry. | Brain Res Bull. 2006 Feb 15;68(6):453-8. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.10.002. Epub 2005 Oct 21. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32517478 | Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in intestinal tissues were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. | Acupunct Med. 2021 Jun;39(3):208-216. doi: 10.1177/0964528420922232. Epub 2020 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33388690 | Cryogel/hydrogel biomaterials and acupuncture combined to promote diabetic skin wound healing through immunomodulation. | Biomaterials. 2021 Feb;269:120608. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120608. Epub 2020 Dec 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33388690 | The average increases in the superficial temperature of wounded animals after acupuncture were about 1-2 degrees C. Through the activation of C3a and C5a, the increased secretion of cytokines SDF-1 and TGFbeta-1, as well as the down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, the combined treatment of stem cell-seeded cryogel/hydrogel biomaterials and acupuncture on wounds produced synergistic immunomodulatory effects. | Biomaterials. 2021 Feb;269:120608. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120608. Epub 2020 Dec 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 8736578 | Following both kinds of stimulation, most Fos-immunoreactive anterior lobe cells showed colocalization with adrenocorticotropic hormone or beta-endorphin immunoreactivity. | Brain Res Bull. 1996;40(3):175-82. doi: 10.1016/0361-9230(96)00011-1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 8736578 | No c-fos expression occurred in pituitary cells immunoreactive for growth hormone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, or thyrotropin-stimulating hormone. | Brain Res Bull. 1996;40(3):175-82. doi: 10.1016/0361-9230(96)00011-1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23751198 | The expression of both apelin and the APJ receptor in the RVLM neurons was examined by immunohistochemical staining and Western blots. | Brain Res Bull. 2013 Aug;97:53-62. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.05.013. Epub 2013 Jun 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19549545 | Tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemical staining revealed that EA at 100 Hz protected axotomized dopaminergic neurons from degeneration in the substantia nigra (SN). | Behav Brain Res. 2009 Dec 14;205(1):214-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.06.024. Epub 2009 Jun 21. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34636496 | The mRNA and protein expressions of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the PFC were measured by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. | Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2021 Nov;304(11):2470-2479. doi: 10.1002/ar.24778. Epub 2021 Oct 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20633459 | In the present work we used an immunohistochemical method and confocal laser scanning microscopy to examine the presence of catecholamine-storing cells at acupoints of rabbits. | J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2008 Dec;1(2):83-90. doi: 10.1016/S2005-2901(09)60027-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20633459 | Double immunofluorescence staining with antibodies against adrenaline and NA revealed only the cells storing NA in the dermal layer of rabbit skin. | J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2008 Dec;1(2):83-90. doi: 10.1016/S2005-2901(09)60027-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31192694 | Electroacupuncture regulates the DREAM/NF-kappaB signalling pathway and ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):292-300. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011593. Epub 2019 Jun 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31192694 | BACKGROUND: Immune responses inhibit invasion by pathogens and antigens. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):292-300. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011593. Epub 2019 Jun 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31192694 | Thus, it is important to promote the immune response in immunosuppressed patients. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):292-300. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011593. Epub 2019 Jun 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31192694 | OBJECTIVE: To examine whether electroacupuncture (EA) promotes the immune response by regulating the downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator / nuclear factor kappa B (DREAM/NF-kappaB) signalling pathway in a mouse model of cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunosuppression, and determine the most effective frequency. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):292-300. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011593. Epub 2019 Jun 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31192694 | METHODS: Twenty-four Kunming mice were intraperitoneally injected with CP to establish an immunosuppression model and six mice were injected with the same volume of normal saline as a control. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):292-300. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011593. Epub 2019 Jun 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31192694 | After EA treatment for 3 days, immune response, natural killer (NK) cell toxicity and the expression of cytokines and DREAM/NF-kappaB were assessed. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):292-300. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011593. Epub 2019 Jun 13. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects | Mechanism |
| 31192694 | RESULTS: EA treatment, especially at alternating 2/100 Hz frequency, improved spleen and thymus indices, increased lactate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase levels, promoted concanavalin A- and lipopolysaccharide-induced splenocyte proliferation, increased NK cell toxicity and ameliorated CP-induced immunosuppression in mice. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):292-300. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011593. Epub 2019 Jun 13. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects | Mechanism |
| 31192694 | Additionally, 2/100 Hz EA treatment increased interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma levels and decreased IL-10 levels in CP-induced immunosuppressed mice. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):292-300. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011593. Epub 2019 Jun 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31192694 | CONCLUSION: 2/100 Hz EA treatment might be an effective way to enhance immune responses in CP-induced immunosuppressed mice. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):292-300. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011593. Epub 2019 Jun 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37414270 | A total of 3518 DEGs were identified in the MCAO/R model compared to the control group, and 3461 DEGs were present in the treatment group compared to the MCAO/R model, and they may be implicated in neurotransmitter transmission, synaptic membrane potential, cell junctions, inflammatory response, immune response, cell cycle, and ECM. | Brain Res. 2023 Oct 1;1816:148477. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148477. Epub 2023 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18652121 | Regulative effects of auricular acupuncture, moxibustion and Chinese herbs on immunologic function in the D-galactose-induced aging mouse. | J Tradit Chin Med. 2008 Jun;28(2):129-33. doi: 10.1016/s0254-6272(08)60031-x. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18652121 | OBJECTIVE: To observe the regulative effect of auricular acupuncture, moxibustion and Chinese herbs on immunologic function in the D-galactose-induced aging mouse and to probe the feasibility and possible mechanisms for delaying aging, so as to provide experimental basis for acupuncture, moxibustion and Chinese herbs for delaying aging. | J Tradit Chin Med. 2008 Jun;28(2):129-33. doi: 10.1016/s0254-6272(08)60031-x. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18652121 | CONCLUSIONS: Combined application of auricular acupuncture, moxibustion and Chinese herbs can improve the decline or dysfunction of immunological function in the aging organism to a certain extent. | J Tradit Chin Med. 2008 Jun;28(2):129-33. doi: 10.1016/s0254-6272(08)60031-x. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31941349 | TRPV1 and pERK expression levels were measured using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. | Acupunct Med. 2020 Apr;38(2):101-108. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011395. Epub 2020 Jan 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 14671415 | At day 60, the protein expression of NGF was examined by immunohistochemistry in the ovaries, the adrenal glands and some parts of the brain. | Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2004;57(2):80-5. doi: 10.1159/000075382. Epub 2003 Dec 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 10830970 | Effect of intrathecal morphine and electro-acupuncture on cellular immune function of rats and increment of mu-opioid receptor mRNA expression in PAG following intrathecal morphine. | Acupunct Electrother Res. 2000;25(1):1-8. doi: 10.3727/036012900816356244. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 10830970 | The present study was to investigate the dynamic changes of cellular immune function of rats with intrathecal injection of (ith) morphine and the regulatory effect of electroacupuncture(EA) stimulation on ""Zusanli"" (St.36) and ""Lanwei"" (Extra 37) points. | Acupunct Electrother Res. 2000;25(1):1-8. doi: 10.3727/036012900816356244. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 10830970 | Further study continued to explore the mechanism of the potentiating effect of mu-opioid receptor in periaqueductal gray (PAG) and hippocampus on the immunosuppression induced by ith morphine at molecular level with in situ hybridization histochemistry technique. | Acupunct Electrother Res. 2000;25(1):1-8. doi: 10.3727/036012900816356244. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31419458 | Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Fos-positive nuclei in the ACC. | Neurosci Lett. 2019 Oct 15;711:134432. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134432. Epub 2019 Aug 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22269805 | To determine the significance of EA on neuropathic pain mediated by P2X(3) receptors in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were recorded, and the expression of P2X(3) receptors in the DRG neurons was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH). | Neurochem Int. 2012 Mar;60(4):379-86. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.01.006. Epub 2012 Jan 18. | Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Mechanism |
| 11834316 | To investigate the effect of acupuncture on cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus (DG), 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-immunohistochemistry was performed in maternally-separated rat pups. | Neurosci Lett. 2002 Feb 22;319(3):153-6. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02581-2. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 11834316 | Maternal separation, for 7 days from postnatal day 14, induced a significant decrease of BrdU-immunoreactive cells in DG, while acupuncture treatment at acupoint Shenmen (HT7), at the end of the transverse crease of the ulnar wrist, resulted in the significant increase in the number of BrdU-positive cells in DG. | Neurosci Lett. 2002 Feb 22;319(3):153-6. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02581-2. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33607237 | Then, lipidomics was applied to investigate the effects of acupuncture on lipid metabolism and analyze leptin signals in the brain and changes of immune markers. | Brain Behav Immun. 2021 May;94:424-436. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.02.003. Epub 2021 Feb 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33607237 | In conclusion, these results show that AP acupuncture treatment effectively alleviated the depression-like behavior, affected immune responses, and altered hepatic lipid metabolism through the attenuation of leptin insensitivity. | Brain Behav Immun. 2021 May;94:424-436. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.02.003. Epub 2021 Feb 16. | Immunity Depression | Mechanism |
| 18023864 | After ganglionectomies, the total and small-to-medium-sized numbers of immunoreactive neurons decreased at 3 dpo, and returned to the sham-operated level as early as 7 dpo. | Neuropeptides. 2008 Feb;42(1):95-106. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2007.09.007. Epub 2007 Nov 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18023864 | After EA, immunoreactive neurons in L(6) DRG noticeably increased at 7 dpo, compared with the non-acupunctured group. | Neuropeptides. 2008 Feb;42(1):95-106. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2007.09.007. Epub 2007 Nov 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18023864 | CNTF immunopositive neurons in the ND of L(3) segment returned to the sham-operated level at 14 dpo. | Neuropeptides. 2008 Feb;42(1):95-106. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2007.09.007. Epub 2007 Nov 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18023864 | Western blot analysis showed CNTF changes corresponding to those shown in immunohistochemical staining. | Neuropeptides. 2008 Feb;42(1):95-106. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2007.09.007. Epub 2007 Nov 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35138669 | Specifically, we used a luminescence assay, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and nociceptive-related behavioural changes to gather data, and we tested for effects after PAP expression was inhibited with an adeno-associated virus (AAV). | Eur J Pain. 2022 May;26(5):991-1005. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1923. Epub 2022 Feb 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35138669 | Moreover, membrane PAP degradation was investigated in cultured DRG neurons and the inhibitory effects of EA on this degradation were assessed using immunoprecipitation. | Eur J Pain. 2022 May;26(5):991-1005. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1923. Epub 2022 Feb 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24192526 | PAECs were characterized by morphological activity and by immunostaining for von Willebrand factor, CD31 and CD34, but not for alpha-smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain or CD90/Thy-1. | J Vasc Res. 2013;50(6):468-477. doi: 10.1159/000355271. Epub 2013 Oct 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23743164 | Because an immune response imbalance could be seen in COPD, we hypothesize that electroacupuncture (EA) may play a role in regulating inflammatory cytokines and contribute to lung protection in a rat model of smoke-induced COPD. | J Integr Med. 2013 May;11(3):213-9. doi: 10.3736/jintegrmed2013024. | Immunity Lung Protection | Mechanism |
| 25335789 | In the EA group only, immunostaining showed strong expression of TGF-beta1 7 days after model preparation (p<0.05). | Acupunct Med. 2015 Feb;33(1):58-64. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010611. Epub 2014 Oct 21. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31219313 | Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used to examine for morphological changes in the left vastus medialis muscles; expression of p-JNK in the L3-L5 DRG was determined by immunofluorescence staining and western blotting after treatment. | Acupunct Med. 2019 Oct;37(5):312-318. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011536. Epub 2019 Jun 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19952513 | Acupuncture and electroacupuncture at these acu-points significantly increased the number of Ki67-positive cells and DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts compared to the control or sham acupuncture group. | J Vet Med Sci. 2010 Mar;72(3):279-84. doi: 10.1292/jvms.09-0374. Epub 2009 Dec 1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18790041 | AIM OF STUDY: This study was performed to elicit the effectiveness of bee venom (BV), a traditional immunosuppressive Korean acupuncture agent, on the maturation of dendrtic cells (DCs). | J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Nov 20;120(2):215-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.014. Epub 2008 Aug 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 18790041 | CONCLUSIONS: BV may have a therapeutic effect an on abnormally activated immune status, such as autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis, through an immune-modulatory effect on DC. | J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Nov 20;120(2):215-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.014. Epub 2008 Aug 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15777754 | Sections of rat medulla were examined by immunolabeling with a polyclonal antibody directed against nNOS. | Brain Res. 2005 Mar 10;1037(1-2):70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.12.029. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15777754 | Unilateral EA stimulation of ST 36 in rats caused increases in nNOS immunostained cells in the rostral region of the ipsilateral gracile nucleus, but was not altered in the contralateral gracile nucleus compared with sham-treated rats (P < 0.05, n = 6-7). | Brain Res. 2005 Mar 10;1037(1-2):70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.12.029. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15777754 | nNOS immunostaining and NADPH-diaphorase-positive neurons were significantly increased in both ipsilateral and contralateral sides of the medial nucleus tractus solitarius (mNTS) in rats receiving EA ST 36 compared with sham-treated animals (P < 0.05). | Brain Res. 2005 Mar 10;1037(1-2):70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.12.029. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15777754 | nNOS immunostaining and NADPH-diaphorase reactivity was neither altered in the gracile nucleus and mNTS of non-acupoint stimulated rats nor other brainstem nuclei in rats with EA ST 36. | Brain Res. 2005 Mar 10;1037(1-2):70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.12.029. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 15777754 | These results show that nNOS immunoreactivity and NADPH-diaphorase reactivity are consistently increased in the gracile nucleus and the mNTS by EA ST 36. | Brain Res. 2005 Mar 10;1037(1-2):70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.12.029. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28546432 | PERK, eIF2a, CHOP, IRE1 and JNK gene expression and protein expression were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) assay and immunohistochemical assay, respectively. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Oct;35(5):366-373. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011220. Epub 2017 May 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29421437 | Serum estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | Life Sci. 2018 Mar 15;197:109-113. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.005. Epub 2018 Feb 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25979864 | Pancreatic expression of NF-kappaB was examined by immunohistochemical staining. | Acupunct Med. 2015 Aug;33(4):299-304. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010609. Epub 2015 May 15. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1834963 | The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of acupuncture on the immunological response. | Neurosci Lett. 1991 Jul 22;128(2):161-4. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(91)90251-n. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1834963 | The induction of anti-sheep red blood cells (SRBC) plaque-forming cells (PFC) was used as a measurement of the immune response to treatment. | Neurosci Lett. 1991 Jul 22;128(2):161-4. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(91)90251-n. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1834963 | In normal non-immunized mice, enhancement of PFC was seen after a single acupuncture treatment when spleen cells from stimulated mice were cultured with SRBC in vitro. | Neurosci Lett. 1991 Jul 22;128(2):161-4. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(91)90251-n. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1834963 | These results suggest that acupuncture, by activation of the autonomic nervous system, modulates the immune response. | Neurosci Lett. 1991 Jul 22;128(2):161-4. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(91)90251-n. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28392262 | The expression of NR1 and NR2, the subunits of NMDARs, in the injured spinal cord was measured by Immunofluorescence stainings, western blot and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). | Life Sci. 2017 May 15;177:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.04.004. Epub 2017 Apr 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37992796 | Hippocampal Abeta expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. | Brain Res. 2024 Jan 15;1823:148683. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148683. Epub 2023 Nov 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37992796 | Immunofluorescence method was applied to examine the expression of TFEB in CA1 region of the hippocampus and the co-localization of CTSD or LAMP1 with Abeta. | Brain Res. 2024 Jan 15;1823:148683. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148683. Epub 2023 Nov 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27893607 | In this animal model of PD, acupuncture treatment did not attenuate tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neuronal death, depletion of striatal dopamine levels, or reduced striatal tyrosine hydroxylase expression. | Neuroreport. 2017 Jan 1;28(1):50-55. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000709. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38178681 | We measured changes in the ovarian indexes, the number of follicles at all levels, the serum levels of sex hormones and immune factors, the expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, p-AKT, and caspase-3, and the changes in the proportions of splenic T cell subtypes, including T-helper 17 (Th17), Tc17, regulatory T (Treg), CD4+, and CD8+ cells. | Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2024 Jan 3. doi: 10.2174/0113862073264971231113061204. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38178681 | The regulation of sex hormone levels and immune function in rats may be attributed to the adjustment of the mRNA and proteins levels of PI3K, AKT, and caspase-3 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which leads to an improvement in the immune function of DOR rats. | Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2024 Jan 3. doi: 10.2174/0113862073264971231113061204. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35100811 | Tissue morphology was detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Nissl staining, while neural plasticity and its molecular mechanisms were examined by Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), dual-label immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. | Acupunct Med. 2022 Aug;40(4):379-388. doi: 10.1177/09645284211066499. Epub 2022 Feb 1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38036019 | The immunofluorescence method was used to examine the angiogenesis. | Physiol Behav. 2024 Feb 1;274:114420. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114420. Epub 2023 Nov 29. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38036019 | (Polymerase Chain Reaction) PCR and (Immunohistochemistry) IHC were used to test the changes in Shh, Ptch, Smo, and Gli2 mRNA and proteins. | Physiol Behav. 2024 Feb 1;274:114420. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114420. Epub 2023 Nov 29. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34553631 | In addition, EA decreased the aortic angiogenesis signaling cascade, reflected by down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) abundance and transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFbetaR)I/II expression, as assessed by immunostaining. | Acupunct Med. 2022 Feb;40(1):68-77. doi: 10.1177/09645284211039230. Epub 2021 Sep 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34309681 | After observation periods, blood samples for interleukin 6 and beta-endorphin and skin biopsies for inflammatory changes and immunohistochemical staining of interleukin 6 were collected for analysis(P < .05). | J Burn Care Res. 2022 Mar 23;43(2):389-398. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/irab142. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36522251 | Finally, the activities of brain regions related to autonomic nerve regulation were assessed by c-Fos immunofluorescence and multichannel recording. | Neuromodulation. 2022 Dec 13:S1094-7159(22)01366-6. doi: 10.1016/j.neurom.2022.11.005. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35882809 | Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that the expression of TauT and taurine in the cerebellum and hippocampus increased. | Adv Exp Med Biol. 2022;1370:341-350. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_33. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30726543 | The apoptosis factor caspase-3 was identified through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | J Mol Neurosci. 2019 Mar;67(3):456-466. doi: 10.1007/s12031-018-1253-5. Epub 2019 Feb 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22809030 | Both Qi acupuncture (QA) and general acupuncture (GA) were used on the limbs, at the shaoshang (LU11) and zhongchong (PC9) acupoints, of rats from one day post-immunization (dpi) to 12 dpi. | Am J Chin Med. 2012;40(4):769-78. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X12500577. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28395933 | Apoptosis-associated proteins in the perihematomal region were observed by immunohistochemistry. | Brain Res Bull. 2017 May;131:123-132. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.04.003. Epub 2017 Apr 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36046956 | We used Nissl staining to observe the pathological changes in brain tissue, flow cytometry to detect the proportion of M1 and M2 polarized microglia in the injured area on the first, third and fifth day, and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) to examine TLR4/TRIF/MyD88 expression in microglia on the first, third and fifth day, as well as expression of the amount of binding of TLR4 with TRIF and MyD88. | Acupunct Med. 2023 Aug;41(4):235-245. doi: 10.1177/09645284221108214. Epub 2022 Aug 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1124733 | Preliminary observations on the effect of acupuncture on immune responses in sensitized rabbits and guinea pigs. | Am J Chin Med (Gard City N Y). 1975 Apr;3(2):151-63. doi: 10.1142/s0192415x75000189. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1124733 | A preliminary report is presented on the possible effect of acupuncture on immune responses in rabbits injected with sheep RBC and in guinea pigs with an encephalitoenic antigen preparation. | Am J Chin Med (Gard City N Y). 1975 Apr;3(2):151-63. doi: 10.1142/s0192415x75000189. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1124733 | Results from acupuncturing experimental animals at four loci-Ta-Chu, Tsu-San-Li, Ch u-Chih-Shih-strongly suggest that acupuncture has an effect on the immune response. | Am J Chin Med (Gard City N Y). 1975 Apr;3(2):151-63. doi: 10.1142/s0192415x75000189. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28450287 | Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting were used to study expression of G protein subunits and their activities in the cortex/hippocampus. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):289-296. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011139. Epub 2017 Apr 27. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28450287 | The findings of the G protein activation assays via immunoprecipitation and Western blots were that the physiologically coupled activation rate (PCAR) and maximal coupled activation rate (MCAR) of Galpha(s) and Galpha(i) were decreased in the cortex of SAMP8 vs SAMR1 mice. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):289-296. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011139. Epub 2017 Apr 27. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28493083 | A549 cells were treated by rat serum from the CPB and CPB + EAc groups, and cleaved caspase-3 activity was detected by fluorescent immunohistochemistry. | Inflammation. 2017 Aug;40(4):1275-1284. doi: 10.1007/s10753-017-0570-0. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38142722 | Immunofluorescence showed microglia and astrocytes activity in the hippocampus. | Brain Res. 2023 Dec 22;1826:148715. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148715. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33715422 | IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and in plasma. | Acupunct Med. 2021 Dec;39(6):663-672. doi: 10.1177/0964528421996720. Epub 2021 Mar 15. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33715422 | The expression levels of IL-17R were assayed in lung tissue by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. | Acupunct Med. 2021 Dec;39(6):663-672. doi: 10.1177/0964528421996720. Epub 2021 Mar 15. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1834599 | Effects of acupuncture on immune response in mice. | Int J Neurosci. 1991 Mar;57(1-2):141-50. doi: 10.3109/00207459109150354. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1834599 | In in vivo experiment, mice were immunized with 2 x 10(8) sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and the PFC was markedly increased by daily (once a day for 4 days) acupuncture stimulation. | Int J Neurosci. 1991 Mar;57(1-2):141-50. doi: 10.3109/00207459109150354. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 1834599 | The enhancement of PFC by acupuncture was also observed in spleen cells of non-immunoized mice when spleen cells of the acupunctured mice were cultured with SRB in vitro. | Int J Neurosci. 1991 Mar;57(1-2):141-50. doi: 10.3109/00207459109150354. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27401747 | The rats' behaviour was examined using the Morris water maze test, and protein expression of Abeta, hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-Tau), PPAR-gamma, and hyperphosphorylated p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in the hippocampal CA1 region was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):44-51. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010972. Epub 2016 Jul 11. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30884162 | Immunofluorescence and western blot analysis were used to determine GRP78 and caspase-12 levels in sciatic nerves. | J Diabetes. 2019 Dec;11(12):928-937. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.12916. Epub 2019 May 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25066401 | CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture treatment can inhibit the release of inflammatory cells after brain injury, then reduce immune injury, relieve muscle spasms and reduce muscular tension. | Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2014 Jun;7(6):492-5. doi: 10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60081-X. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 2274271 | Effect of low-frequency electric stimulation on in vivo release of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity in medial thalamus of conscious rat. | Neurosci Lett. 1990 Oct 16;118(2):205-7. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(90)90627-l. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 2274271 | Release of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity (CCK-LI) in the medial thalamus of conscious rats was measured by brain dialysis and enzyme immunoassay. | Neurosci Lett. 1990 Oct 16;118(2):205-7. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(90)90627-l. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30341024 | The levels of acetylcholine (ACh), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | J Integr Med. 2018 Nov;16(6):418-426. doi: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.10.003. Epub 2018 Oct 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30341024 | The mRNA and protein expression and immunoreactivity of alpha7nAChR and its postreceptor inflammation signal pathway, including janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), were observed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. | J Integr Med. 2018 Nov;16(6):418-426. doi: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.10.003. Epub 2018 Oct 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32989889 | Concentrations of LDH and NAGase were determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. | Reprod Domest Anim. 2020 Dec;55(12):1747-1755. doi: 10.1111/rda.13835. Epub 2020 Oct 27. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38189854 | Acupuncture therapy has been shown in many studies to enhance the body's own immunity and disease resistance. | J Mol Neurosci. 2024 Jan 8;74(1):5. doi: 10.1007/s12031-023-02186-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38189854 | Western blotting was used to detect the expression of related proteins in mouse pathological samples; TUNEL measured neuronal apoptosis levels; Nissl staining observed neuronal damage; immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of Iba-1, TH, and alpha-syn in substantia nigra denser (SN). | J Mol Neurosci. 2024 Jan 8;74(1):5. doi: 10.1007/s12031-023-02186-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36651839 | Protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. | Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Jan;27(1):38-45. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202301_30851. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37212035 | Additionally, the content of DeltaFosB, a marker of neuronal activation, in the rat striatum was detected by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. | Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev. 2023 May 22:1-15. doi: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2204694. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12943179 | Immunohistochemical localization of cyclooxygenase-2 in pregnant rat uterus by Sp-6 acupuncture. | Am J Chin Med. 2003;31(3):481-8. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X0300117X. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 12943179 | Immunohistochemical methods showed the COX-2 enzyme was primarily found in the endometrium and myometrium of rat uterus. | Am J Chin Med. 2003;31(3):481-8. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X0300117X. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35216533 | Then, microvessel density, protein levels and mRNA expression of selected VEGF/PI3K/Akt pathway intermediates were determined by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, and mRNA qRT-PCR, respectively. | Acupunct Med. 2022 Aug;40(4):389-400. doi: 10.1177/09645284221078873. Epub 2022 Feb 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28478802 | Meanwhile, the NeuN expression was examined in the hippocampus, the expression levels of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase2(NOX2) was detected by immunofluorescence staining and western blot. | Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2017 Apr 29;63(4):38-45. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.4.7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27085942 | Levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, IL-1beta, and nuclear factor kappa-beta, were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Jul 1;187:28-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.019. Epub 2016 Apr 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27085942 | The proportions of cells with positive Bcl-2 and Bax expression were determined by immunohistochemical assays, whilst the expression profiles of p-AKT and p-ERK in spinal cord tissues were evaluated by western blotting. | J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Jul 1;187:28-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.019. Epub 2016 Apr 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 10064107 | This hypothesis is supported by an increase in plasma insulin-like immunoreactivity after electroacupuncture stimulation in normal rats. | Diabetologia. 1999 Feb;42(2):250-5. doi: 10.1007/s001250051146. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 10064107 | Participation of glucagon was ruled out because there was no change in plasma glucagon-like immunoreactivity resulting from electroacupuncture stimulation. | Diabetologia. 1999 Feb;42(2):250-5. doi: 10.1007/s001250051146. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 10064107 | In addition to an increase in plasma beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity, the plasma glucose lowering action of electroacupuncture stimulation at Zhongwan acupoint was abolished by naloxone in a sufficient dose to block opioid receptors. | Diabetologia. 1999 Feb;42(2):250-5. doi: 10.1007/s001250051146. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38038835 | SSC was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. | Chin J Integr Med. 2024 Feb;30(2):152-162. doi: 10.1007/s11655-023-3565-8. Epub 2023 Dec 1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38038835 | Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect 5-HT and substance P (SP) expressions. | Chin J Integr Med. 2024 Feb;30(2):152-162. doi: 10.1007/s11655-023-3565-8. Epub 2023 Dec 1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38038835 | The levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), bradykinin (BK), prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) in skin tissue, 5-HT, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), serotonin transporters (SERT), 5-HT 3 receptor (5-HT3R), and 5-HT 4 receptor (5-HT4R) in colon tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Chin J Integr Med. 2024 Feb;30(2):152-162. doi: 10.1007/s11655-023-3565-8. Epub 2023 Dec 1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34886711 | The expression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was detected in local cutaneous tissues at the site of ST36 and LI4 by immunohistochemical staining. | Acupunct Med. 2022 Jun;40(3):232-240. doi: 10.1177/09645284211055745. Epub 2021 Dec 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26896072 | Expression of c-fos was quantified using immunohistochemistry. | J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2016 Feb;9(1):16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jams.2015.08.002. Epub 2015 Sep 1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26895770 | Reduced Abeta levels, and co-localisation of Abeta and LC3II, were observed following EA treatment by immunofluorescence staining. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Dec;34(6):449-456. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010894. Epub 2016 Feb 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37076179 | Mitochondria protein concentrations and NADH dehydrogenase activity in spleen tissues were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2023 Apr 30;16(2):49-55. doi: 10.51507/j.jams.2023.16.2.49. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34562596 | The immunofluorescence staining analysis showed that EA increased the APN accumulation in spinal cord through the blood circulation. | Brain Behav Immun. 2022 Jan;99:43-52. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.09.010. Epub 2021 Sep 22. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 28077367 | M1-type macrophages facilitate innate immunity to remove foreign microbes and wound debris from the injury site. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Jun;35(3):224-230. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011107. Epub 2017 Jan 11. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30889365 | After stimulation with electroacupuncture, the expression of cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) and cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2R) in A, B and C microglia cells was detected by Western Bolt analysis, and further the expression of CB2R in five groups was further analyzed by immunofluorescence, thereby statistical differences were analyzed. | Int J Neurosci. 2019 Sep;129(9):923-929. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1593980. Epub 2019 Apr 2. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30889365 | The results of immunofluorescence showed that Arginse/CD11b was significantly increased in group C comparing to group A (*p < 0.001), while there was a significant increase in group E comparing to group A about Arginse/CD11b [F (4, 20)=4345.44, p < 0.001]. | Int J Neurosci. 2019 Sep;129(9):923-929. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1593980. Epub 2019 Apr 2. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27707699 | Expression of mu opioid receptors (MORs) in the L3-L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was determined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting after treatment. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Apr;35(2):142-147. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011063. Epub 2016 Oct 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27966183 | In this study, we aimed to explore the immunomodulatory mechanism of EA intervention in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced DTH. | Inflammation. 2017 Apr;40(2):422-434. doi: 10.1007/s10753-016-0487-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33557583 | Immunohistochemistry was conducted to examine the survival of dopaminergic neurons. | Acupunct Med. 2021 Oct;39(5):501-511. doi: 10.1177/0964528421990658. Epub 2021 Feb 8. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36655632 | RESULTS: The effects of EA at ST36 and BL20 on blood glucose levels and body weight, biochemical parameters, histopathological, morphometric and immunohistochemical findings, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis were evaluated. | Acupunct Med. 2023 Oct;41(5):297-306. doi: 10.1177/09645284221146196. Epub 2023 Jan 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36655632 | In addition, there was a significant increase in the Johnsen scores, seminiferous tubule diameters, serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone, proliferation indices, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) immunoreactivities. | Acupunct Med. 2023 Oct;41(5):297-306. doi: 10.1177/09645284221146196. Epub 2023 Jan 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33360522 | After that, immunocytochemical and immunofluorescence staining was used to quantify the angiogenesis and compensatory circulation, which including the analysis of microvessel density, field/ microvessel area ratio, and microvessel diameter. | J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2021 Mar;30(3):105165. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105165. Epub 2020 Dec 24. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 36484920 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponins I (CTnI) levels in serum and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in myocardial tissue. | Chin J Integr Med. 2023 Feb;29(2):170-178. doi: 10.1007/s11655-022-3626-4. Epub 2022 Dec 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19607689 | The analgesic mechanism of this procedure was elucidated in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord of mice using immunohistochemistry for substance P and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for β-endorphin in blood and brain of mice. | J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 16;28(1):102. doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-28-102. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19607689 | Immunohistochemistry | J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 16;28(1):102. doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-28-102. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19607689 | For immunoassays, the primary antibody was diluted with blocking solution (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) and tissues were incubated with antibodies against substance P (Abcam Ltd., Cambridge, UK) in a 1:50 ratio, for 48 h at room temperature, with constant agitation. | J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 16;28(1):102. doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-28-102. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19607689 | Enzyme Immunoassay | J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 16;28(1):102. doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-28-102. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19607689 | Student's t test was used for von Frey hair test and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was also conducted for immunohistochemistry and β-endorphin assay. | J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 16;28(1):102. doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-28-102. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19607689 | Nine days after inoculation, immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies against substance P, in sections of spinal cord dorsal horn of mice. | J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 16;28(1):102. doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-28-102. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19607689 | To confirm the roles of pain-related peptides during acupuncture-induced analgesia, immunohistochemical analysis for substance P and enzyme immunoassay for β-endorphin in blood and brain samples of mice were performed in the spinal cord dorsal horn of mice. | J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 16;28(1):102. doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-28-102. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26419631 | Some relevant experiments and study about D-IBS found that acupuncture could regulate central nervous system, immune system, endocrine system and GI tract, particularly the excitability of brain functional areas and dorsale medullae spinalis neurons. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Sep 29;15:340. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0863-5. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 26419631 | Rats were sacrificed under deep anesthesia with urethane (6 ml/kg, ip); the hypothalamus, spinal cord (lumbar intumescentia, L4-L6), and distal colon (at 8-cm proximal to colorectal junction) were excised and stored at â80 °C for analysis of 5-HT, CGRP and NPY content using enzyme linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA; all from R&D rat 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) & Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP) & Neuropeptide Y (NPY) elisa kits provided by Nanjing jiancheng bioengineering institute). | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Sep 29;15:340. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0863-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26419631 | Immunologic pathology of the colon showed no change. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Sep 29;15:340. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0863-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | By comparison of PCK/AS and PAS/ASAC, the DAVID genes functional classification was found to be changed from ""immune response"" to ""response to steroid hormone stimulus"", and the GO term ""antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen"" disappeared in PAS/ASAC. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | Our SAGE research indicates that the gene expression profile of the EAR phase of asthma could be effectively and specifically regulated by acupuncture, which suggests that the gene expression of immune response and steroid hormone may play an important role in the treatment. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | In the immune and endocrine system, results of microarray have revealed that acupuncture could regulate genes to increase activities of natural killer cell and superoxide dismutase, to keep the cytokines balance between Th1 and Th2, and to induce hypocholesterolemic effects. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | However, these researches focused mainly on the nerve and immune systems, and the analyses of the generated data were limited. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | The DAVID gene functional classification was found to be changed from ""immune response"" in PCK/AS to ""response to steroid hormone stimulus"" in PAS/ASAC. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | CD24, referred to as heat-stable antigen, is an important co-stimulatory molecule in immunity. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | The result suggested that the gene may correlate with the immune-modulating effects of acupuncture in EAR phase of asthma. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | The gene expressions of immune response and steroid hormone were regulated by acupuncture in the EAR phase of asthma | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | Several immune-related GO terms, such as antigen processing and presentation, antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen, antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen, disappeared in PAS/ASAC via GO Tree Machine. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | Moreover, the DAVID genes functional classification was found to shift from ""immune response"" in PCK/AS to ""response to steroid hormone stimulus"" in PAS/ASAC. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | The changes suggested that the immune response of EAR phase of asthma was attenuated by acupuncture, which may be realized through the release of the endogenous steroid hormone. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 19419550 | The study indicates that the gene expression profile of the EAR phase of asthma could be effectively and specifically regulated by acupuncture at the transcriptional level, which suggests that the gene expression of immune response and steroid hormone may play an important role in the treatment. | J Biomed Sci. 2009 May 6;16(1):46. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-46. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37548586 | Immunofluorescence | Brain Behav. 2023 Oct;13(10):e3177. doi: 10.1002/brb3.3177. Epub 2023 Aug 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37548586 | We used WB and immunofluorescence method to detect NLGN2 expression in the synaptic tissue of rat spinal cord in each group. | Brain Behav. 2023 Oct;13(10):e3177. doi: 10.1002/brb3.3177. Epub 2023 Aug 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37548586 | Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the staining density of NLGN2 was weaker in the EA group compared to the CSR group. | Brain Behav. 2023 Oct;13(10):e3177. doi: 10.1002/brb3.3177. Epub 2023 Aug 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22984478 | For enzyme immunoassay experiments, reagent kits for measuring rat glutathione S-transferase M5 (GSTM5), aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), and protein kinase C (PKC) were purchased from R&D Systems Inc. | PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044216. Epub 2012 Sep 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22984478 | The immune complexes were detected by ECL and exposed to X-ray film. | PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044216. Epub 2012 Sep 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22984478 | Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) | PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044216. Epub 2012 Sep 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22984478 | To examine whether the proteins located in specific nuclei of the medulla are related to blood pressure modification by acupuncture, we have conducted a preliminary immunohistochemical study and shown altered MBP and synapsin I expression in some specific regions (e.g. | PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044216. Epub 2012 Sep 12. | Immunity Blood Pressure | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | The main outcome measures including paw circumference, paw withdrawal threshold, histopathology and immunoassays of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), collagen type II (CoII), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) were analyzed. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | Therefore, we attempted to study the chondroprotective effects of LA on cartilage protection by using COMP, CoII and TNGF-α immunoassays through an in vivo model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | The evaluation instruments were edematous swelling of the paw, pain behavioral assessments, histology, and immunohistochemistry. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Inflammatory Pain | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | After completing the treatments, the animals were sacrificed for histopathology assessment and immunoassays. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | Following the 10-day treatment (Day 13), animals were sacrificed for histology and immunohistochemistry assays. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | Animals were euthanized by anesthetic overdose after treatments and then their hind ankles were collected for histological, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent analyses. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent analyses | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | The sections with anti-CoII were incubated with biotinylated anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson Immunoresearch, PA, USA), followed by a peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin incubation (Jackson Immunoresearch, PA, USA). | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | Normal mouse and rabbit IgGs (Jackson Immunoresearch, PA, USA) were used to replace the primary antibodies as negative controls. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | All data in histopathology and immunoassays are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | One-way ANOVA was used to determine the differences in the levels of CoII, TNF-α- and COMP-like immunoreactivities among vehicle controls, sLA and LA groups. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | Representative images of surface cartilage damage at the tibial plateau with collagen type II (CoII) immunoreactivity and safranin O/Fast Green staining in vehicle control (A and a), CFA combined with sham-operation (sLA, Band b) and laser acupuncture (LA, C and c) (sLA and LA) groups, respectively. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | At higher-power magnification, it is evident that marked increase of positive collagen type II immunoreactivities (brown staining) and proteoglycan safranin O (dark orange) were clearly localized in the LA group compared with sLA. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | Quantitative analysis of positive-labeled cells in cartilage for safranin O (D) and collagen type II immunohistochemistry (d) in each group was presented in mean ± SD. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | CoII immunohistochemistry analysis of the cartilage from the vehicle-treated side and CFA-injection side of the sLA and LA groups are shown in Fig 4. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | The CoII-like immunoreactivity of the vehicle-treated sides was relatively normal compared with that of the surrounding tissue, indicating much more type II collagen protein was formed (Fig 4E). | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | The immunofluorescent expressions of COMP (Alexa Fluor 488-green) and TNF-α (Alexa Fluor 594-red) immunoreactivity in the vehicle control (A and a), CFA combined with sham-operation (sLA, B and b) and laser acupuncture (LA, C and c) groups, respectively. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | The level of COMP- and TNF-α-like immunoreactivity were counted in five randomly selected high-power fields (Ã200) in each section (D and d). | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | The bar graph shows a statistical difference in the COMP- and TNF-α-like immunoreactive cells among the vehicle control, sLA and LA groups. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | Significantly lower levels of TNF-α were found on the vehicle-treated side using immunofluorescent staining (Fig 5A). | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | It also revealed more abundant expressions of TNF-α-like immunoreactivities in the sLA group (Fig 5B) compared with those in the LA group (Fig 5C). | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | In adult articular cartilage, COMP immunoreactivity can be expressed in the cartilage at chondrocytes in the pericellular matrix, territorial and interterritorial matrix. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | In this study, AIA reduced COMP protein expression and induced TNF-α overexpression in cartilage, but LA significantly enhanced COMP-like immunoreactivity and reduced TNF-αoverexpression in the cartilage compared to sLA treatment. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | Moreover, the modulation of the immune system and microcirculation are also considered important effects in acupoint activation and acupuncture mechanisms. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Microcirculation | Mechanism |
| 30883553 | The immune cells, mast cells, may play a crucial role in mediating the establishment of networks among the circulatory, nervous and immune system at the acupoints. | PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0211341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211341. eCollection 2019. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 25139460 | MAPK have an important role in cellular processes, such as stress responses, apoptosis, and immune defense. | Med Sci Monit. 2014 Aug 16;20:1452-60. doi: 10.12659/MSM.890736. | Immunity Stress Response | Mechanism |
| 25282142 | Our previous study demonstrated that acupuncture had an immunomodulatory effect on inflammatory cells and cytokines that were associated with an improvement in general well-being. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Oct 5;14:375. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-375. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25282142 | Acupuncture regulates autonomic nerve system functions (e.g., modulates blood pressure, heart rate, and sphincter intensity), immune system and inflammatory pathways, and endocrine system functions, such as the release of endorphins and NO, under different pathological conditions. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Oct 5;14:375. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-375. | Immunity Heart Rate Endocrinology Blood Pressure | Mechanism |
| 32796318 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay | Pain. 2021 Feb 1;162(2):514-530. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002031. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32796318 | Global DNA methylation was performed using a Methylflash Global DNA Methylation 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Easy Kit (P-1030; Epigentek, Farmingdale, NY) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. | Pain. 2021 Feb 1;162(2):514-530. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002031. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32796318 | Immunofluorescence | Pain. 2021 Feb 1;162(2):514-530. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002031. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32796318 | Immunofluorescence was conducted to measure the expression of 5-mC, MeCP2 in neuron cells in the PFC. | Pain. 2021 Feb 1;162(2):514-530. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002031. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32796318 | 7B) were costained with NeuN for double-immunofluorescence analysis. | Pain. 2021 Feb 1;162(2):514-530. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002031. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34033703 | In addition to improving general well-being, it is known to exert beneficial effects on diseases of the digestivee , motor , and immune systems . | Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021 Aug;56(8):2537-2545. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25466. Epub 2021 May 25. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract | Mechanism |
| 35482778 | Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota perturbs the host metabolism and immune balance, leading to the occurrence of diseases. | PLoS One. 2022 Apr 28;17(4):e0267843. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267843. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35482778 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis | PLoS One. 2022 Apr 28;17(4):e0267843. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267843. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29550760 | Microglia and astrocytes are not only the main immune cells of the central nervous system, but are also closely related to the formation of scar tissue after nerve injury. | Acupunct Med. 2018 Aug;36(4):247-253. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011472. Epub 2018 Mar 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29550760 | Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognise and activate the innate immunity of the human body through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and constitute the first line of defence of human natural immunity. | Acupunct Med. 2018 Aug;36(4):247-253. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011472. Epub 2018 Mar 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29550760 | NF-κB is transferred from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, initiating a series of transcriptional processes related to immunity by binding to the target gene locus. | Acupunct Med. 2018 Aug;36(4):247-253. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011472. Epub 2018 Mar 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26386034 | Concentrations of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in the duodenum and c-Fos expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography and immunohistochemistry, respectively. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):120-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010833. Epub 2015 Sep 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26386034 | c-Fos immunohistochemistry | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):120-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010833. Epub 2015 Sep 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26386034 | Standard immunohistochemical procedures were used to visualise c-Fos. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):120-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010833. Epub 2015 Sep 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26386034 | Representative immunohistochemistry images taken at Ã100 magnification (A) and c-Fos positive cell counts (C) in the brainstem nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) located according to a rat brain atlas (B). | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):120-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010833. Epub 2015 Sep 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26386034 | We also demonstrated a relationship between EA and neuronal activation in the central nervous system via measurement of c-Fos immunoreactivity. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):120-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010833. Epub 2015 Sep 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | To investigate the effect of BV on reducing synovitis and inhibiting neutrophil infiltration in MSU crystal-induced gouty rats, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry were performed. | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | Therefore, we examined the effect of BV on blood cell infiltration and expression of inflammatory mediators by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry at 24 h after MSU injection, and found that the messenger RNAs levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL6, COX-2, and iNOS (at 24 h) were significantly upregulated after MSU injection, but BV and Col significantly reduced their levels as compared with that of MSU injected rats (n = 3) (Figure 4A,B). | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | Immunohistochemistry results also showed that after MSU injection, the number of iNOS- and COX-2-immunoreactive cells was increased in the synovial tissue of the ankle joint (Figure 4F). | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | In our study, immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that iNOS and COX-2 were upregulated after MSU crystal injection, and showed that BV suppressed their expression. | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | Acute inflammation, such as gouty arthritis, is a complex process characterized by the coordinated migration of effector cells and immune cells to the site of inflammation. | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | The samples were sectioned at 5 μm for staining with H&E and immunohistochemical staining. | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | Primary antibodies were detected using horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA, USA). | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | Immunoreactive bands were visualized by chemiluminescence using SuperSignalTM (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | Immunohistochemistry | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | Frozen sections were processed for immunohistochemistry with antibodies against MPO (1:100; Dako, Carpinteria, CA, USA), iNOS (1:500, Transduction Laboratory) and COX-2 (1:200, Cayman Chemicals, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), as previously described. | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | Immunostaining control studies were performed by omission of the primary antibodies, by replacement primary antibodies with nonimmune, control antibody, and by preabsorption with an excess (10 µg/mL) of the respective antigens. | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | (B) Immunohistochemistry for myeloperoxidase (MPO) in ankle joint from normal, MSU only, MSU with BV, and MSU with Col treated group. | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34564665 | (F) Immunohistochemistry for iNOS and COX2 in synovium tissue of ankle. | Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;13(9):661. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090661. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37435647 | Immunofluorescence Analyses | J Neurophysiol. 2023 Aug 1;130(2):380-391. doi: 10.1152/jn.00156.2023. Epub 2023 Jul 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37435647 | The immunofluorescence sections were analyzed by ImageJ, and the mean fluorescence intensity value was used to analyze the protein expression (Fig. | J Neurophysiol. 2023 Aug 1;130(2):380-391. doi: 10.1152/jn.00156.2023. Epub 2023 Jul 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | Immunofluorescence analysis | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | Immunohistochemical analysis | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | After three washes, the membranes were incubated for 2 h with species-specific horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (diluted 1â¶5000; Jackson ImmunoResearch, Inc., West Grove, PA, USA). | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | The immunoreactive protein bands were detected using an enhanced chemiluminescence kit (Millipore) and quantified using Labworks 4.6 image analysis software (UVP, LLC, Upland, CA, USA). | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | H&E staining (Figure 2) was performed to evaluate histopathological alterations after focal ischemia, and immunohistochemical staining for NeuN, a neuronal nuclear antigen (Figure 3), was performed to evaluate neuronal loss, nuclear shrinkage, and neuronal vacuolization in CIRI model rats. | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | To evaluate the astrocytic and vascular localization of MMP2 and AQP4 in the ischemic penumbra of CIRI model rats, immunofluorescence analysis was employed using specific primary antibodies against MMP2, AQP4, GFAP (to label astrocytes), and CD34 (to label the endothelial cell components of blood vessels). | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | Immunofluorescence labeling for the MMP2, AQP4, GFAP, and CD34 expression levels in the ischemic hemisphere of MCAO model group M rats. | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | Next, we explored the hypothesis that acupuncture and electroacupuncture can regulate MMP2, AQP4, and AQP9 expression in the ischemic penumbra and the core zone by performing an immunohistochemical analysis of target protein expression, followed by semi-quantitative measurement of the integrated optical density of MMP2/AQP4/APQ9 labeling. | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | MMP2, AQP4, and AQP9 immunoreactivity (A, B, D, E, G, and H) and integrated optical density of MMP2/AQP4/AQP9 labeling (C, F, and I). | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | Arrows indicate the immunoreactive area for each target protein. | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | The Western blotting data (Figure 7) verified the immunohistochemical findings (Figure 6), in that the protein expression levels of MMP2, AQP4, and AQP9 were all significantly higher in group M than in the other four groups (P<0.05). | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | Finally, immunohistochemical staining for MPO and CD68 was performed in the ischemic hemisphere, followed by quantification of MPO+ and CD8+ cells in the ischemic penumbra and the core (Figure 8C and 8F). | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | Immunostaining for both antigens was more intense in the ischemic core than in the penumbra for all five rat groups (Figure 8A, 8B, 8D, and 8E). | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | Representative photomicrographs showing immunohistochemical staining for MPO and CD68 in the ischemic penumbra (A, D) and the core zone (B, E) at 24 h after reperfusion. | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24828425 | Arrows in (A), (B), (D), and (E) show the MPO+ and CD68+ immunoreactive cells. | PLoS One. 2014 May 14;9(5):e97488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097488. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33645011 | Frozen sections of fresh tissue were refrigerated, circled with an immunohistochemical pen and incubated in DHE dye solution at 37°C for 30 minutes, before undergoing three 5 minutes washes in PBS (pH 7.4). | J Cell Mol Med. 2021 Apr;25(8):3816-3828. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.16295. Epub 2021 Mar 1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33645011 | Immunoblotting | J Cell Mol Med. 2021 Apr;25(8):3816-3828. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.16295. Epub 2021 Mar 1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33645011 | Hippocampal tissue was treated with radio immunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer and phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), homogenized into a uniform suspension and centrifuged at 4°C for 15 minutes. | J Cell Mol Med. 2021 Apr;25(8):3816-3828. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.16295. Epub 2021 Mar 1. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35704659 | Brain tissues from a sample of rats were perfused with paraformaldehyde, and frozen sections were used in immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence detection procedures. | PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35704659 | EIAR-NPY-1, Raybiotech, USA) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. | PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35704659 | Immunohistochemistry | PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35704659 | Immunofluorescence | PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35704659 | Given that the arcuate nucleus (ARC) is a key site of the reproductive regulatory system and the energy regulating system, therefore, we performed an immunohistochemistry test to determine the expression of NPY, GHRL and their receptor in the ARC. | PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35704659 | Meanwhile, the number of GHRL-positive cells in the ARC in group M was much lower than the number in groups N and EA (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively), but there was no difference between groups M and SA (Fig 5).There was some attenuated immunoreactivity of NPY2R in the ARC in group M compared with group N (P < 0.05), but when treated with EA or SA, the immunoreactivity of NPY2R was enhanced remarkably (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively) (Fig 5). | PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35704659 | As shown by immunofluorescence, the expression of GHSR in the ARC was not significantly different in the four groups. | PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35704659 | The following provides evidence for our conjecture: a, Immunofluorescence double-labeling experiment showed that GnRH neurons and kisspeptin neurons in ARC were the direct targets of NPY and GHRL in hypothalamus respectively, consistent with research of Conde et al. | PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Low-frequency electrical stimulation modified gene expression (decreased Tbc1d1 in soleus, increased Nr4a3 in mesenteric fat) and protein expression (increased pAS160/AS160, Nr4a3 and decreased GLUT4) by western blot and increased GLUT4 expression by immunohistochemistry in soleus muscle; glucose clearance during oral glucose tolerance tests was unaffected. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Immunohistochemistry of Pancreas | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Immunostaining was visualized with DAB (Vector Laboratories). | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Immunofluorescence Staining | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | The level and location of GLUT4 expression in paraffin-embedded sections of soleus muscle and mesenteric fat were determined by immunofluorescence staining with GLUT4 antibody (ab33780, Abcam) as described. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Images of GLUT4 immunoreactivity were adjusted to make optimal use of the dynamic range of detection. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Both stimulations increased immunoreactivity in the nucleus, cell membrane, and cytosolic fraction (Fig. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Representative immunoblots of each protein are shown. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Distribution and expression of GLUT4, determined by immunofluorescence staining, in soleus muscle and mesenteric adipose tissue of rats with DHT-induced PCOS. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Both manual and electrical stimulation increased immunoreactivity in the nucleus, cell membrane, and cytosolic fraction (C2, C3). | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | The selected immunofluorescence images are representative of those in randomly selected section from multiple animals. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | Immunofluorescence staining of GLUT4 in soleus muscle was increased after electrical stimulation and, to a lesser extent, after manual stimulation. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | However, in contrast to our previous findings, neither gene nor protein expression of GLUT4/Slc2a4 aligned with immunofluorescense staining, indicating a stronger effect on translocation than expression. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23349861 | The inconsistency between western blot and immunofluorescence might therefore reflect differences in experimental conditions or the fact that more GLUT4 in the electrical stimulation group is membrane bound as a consequence of translocation. | PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054357. Epub 2013 Jan 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21796340 | β-Endorphin immunoassay | Pflugers Arch. 2011 Oct;462(4):587-97. doi: 10.1007/s00424-011-0993-7. Epub 2011 Jul 28. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21796340 | Plasma β-endorphin was measured 40 min after the acupuncture treatment by immunoassay. | Pflugers Arch. 2011 Oct;462(4):587-97. doi: 10.1007/s00424-011-0993-7. Epub 2011 Jul 28. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29123119 | To determine whether activation of CGRP and vasodilation occurred at neurogenic spots, CGRP immunohistochemistry was performed for the skin over the wrist in the hypertensive rats. | Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 9;7(1):15214. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14359-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29123119 | Because the neuropeptides CGRP and SP are released during neurogenic inflammation and induce mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in the skin, the increased sensitivity of neurogenic spots may be attributed to enhanced release of CGRP, as observed in the CGRP immunohistochemistry results. | Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 9;7(1):15214. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14359-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29123119 | Immunohistochemistry for CGRP | Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 9;7(1):15214. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14359-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24722278 | Histological analysis and Immunofluorescence staining | PLoS One. 2014 Apr 10;9(4):e94604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094604. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24722278 | To assess the angiogenesis, sections of the heart were used for CD34, α-SMA and VEGF immunohistochemistry. | PLoS One. 2014 Apr 10;9(4):e94604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094604. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24722278 | Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay | PLoS One. 2014 Apr 10;9(4):e94604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094604. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24722278 | To determine histone modifications in the VEGF promoter region, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was carried out. | PLoS One. 2014 Apr 10;9(4):e94604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094604. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24722278 | The chromatin was precleaned by incubating with Dynabeads protein A and immunoprecipitated with rotation; at 4°C overnight with the antibody against anti-H3K9ace (1â¶50). | PLoS One. 2014 Apr 10;9(4):e94604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094604. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24722278 | Fold enrichment in the binding of H3K9ace to VEGF promoter regions in each immunoprecipitation was normalized to the indicated histone binding level in its corresponding input DNA. | PLoS One. 2014 Apr 10;9(4):e94604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094604. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24722278 | To verify that angiogenesis is a possible mechanism in the EA-induced myocardioprotective effect; angiogenic responses were examined by immunofluorescence staining of CD34, α-SMA and VEGF. | PLoS One. 2014 Apr 10;9(4):e94604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094604. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24722278 | A. Representative immunofluorescence staining images of VEGF (red), CD34 (red) and α-SMA (green) in each group, scale bars, 100 µm. | PLoS One. 2014 Apr 10;9(4):e94604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094604. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24722278 | Results were normalized with respect to input and nonspecific IgG results by using formula [2-(â³ Ct) specific antibody/2-(â³ Ct) nonspecific IgG], where â³Cp is the Cp (immunoprecipitated DNA)- Cp(input) and Cp is the cycle where the threshold is crossed. | PLoS One. 2014 Apr 10;9(4):e94604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094604. eCollection 2014. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24908398 | Immunofluorescence observation of ICC | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Jun 7;14:186. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-186. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24908398 | ICCs were identified by immunolabeling for DOG1 as previously described. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Jun 7;14:186. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-186. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24908398 | The immunostaining procedures have been described previously. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Jun 7;14:186. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-186. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24908398 | Our results showed that, in the N and S groups, DOG1-like immunoreactivity (DOG1-LI) was localized in two distinct populations of ICC, one population with processes and numerous branches forming a cellular network between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers at the level of the myenteric plexus (ICC-MY), and a second population at the level of the deep muscular plexus in the circular muscle layer (ICC-DMP). | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Jun 7;14:186. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-186. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 24908398 | Confocal images showing the ICCs in the rat colon immunolabeled for DOG1. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Jun 7;14:186. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-186. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24908398 | In the normal small intestine, DOG1-like immunoreactivity (DOG1-LI) was localized in two distinct populations of ICC (ICC-MY and ICC-DMP) within the tunica muscularis and DOG1-LI ICCs were normally present with famose processes and intact cellular networks (A, E). | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Jun 7;14:186. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-186. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24908398 | In the N and S group, DOG1-like immunoreactivity (DOG1-LI) was localized in two distinct populations of ICC (ICC-MY and ICC-DMP) within the tunica muscularis and DOG1-LI ICCs were normally present with famose processes and intact cellular networks (A-D). | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Jun 7;14:186. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-186. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Cumulating evidence has revealed the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy in relieving pain via immunoregulation. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | The present study was designed to determine the changes of immunogenic responses at different time-points of electroacupuncture (EA) interventions in neuropathic pain rats. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Recent data have demonstrated a critical involvement of innate and adaptive immune responses following chronic pain. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | A pivotal event that defines the successful outcome of any inflammatory or injury event is the transition from innate to acquired immunity. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | The innate immune response is the first line of defense against alarm signals from the injured tissue. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | The modulation of the innate immunological response to chronic pain has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Therefore, acquired immunity may also be a good biomarker for the management of clinical neuropathic pain. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | In the last decade, compelling evidence has demonstrated that the anti-nociceptive effect of electroacupuncture (EA) is closely associated with immunomodulation. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Cumulative evidence revealed that EA intervention could enhances immune function after surgical trauma or neuropathic pain in human and in animals. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | However, the mechanism underlying immunoregulation of EA intervention is not clear. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | This characteristic may be similar to activation of the acquired immune reaction from innate immune response. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Therefore, we hypothesized that the cumulative effect of repeated acupuncture intervention may be related to the transition of the innate immune response to the acquired immune response. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Thus far, several studies have already examined the effect of EA on innate immune factors. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Kim and colleagues demonstrated that the activity of splenic natural killer (NK) cells which are important cellular components of the innate immune response is increased after EA via the induction of cluster of differentiation 94 (CD94). | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | EA also effectively reverses the deleterious immunological changes in the postoperative state by regulating the balance of help T (Th)1/Th2 cytokines, thereby influencing the acquired immunity. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | In the present study, we set out to examine the change of acupuncture-associated immunoregulation under neuropathic pain conditions. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Specifically, we assessed the role of different lymphocyte subgroups, cytokines, and mediators of analgesia at different time-points of EA interventions to gain insights into its mechanism underlying the conversion from innate to acquired immunity. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of plasma and splenic cytokine concentrations | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | CTL is mainly CD8+ T cell and an effector cell in cell immunity. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | To further elucidate changes of the immune response at different acupuncture intervention time-points, pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma were examined. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Although no single theory has successfully offered a unified physiological explanation for the effects of acupuncture, some researchers have proposed that its analgesic action may involve regulation of the body immunity. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Interestingly, this point is also the shifting time from innate immunity to acquired immunity. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Therefore, we selected the time points of day 3 and 5 following EA to examine the change of immune regulation from lymphocyte subgroups and related cytokines. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | It has been demonstrated that loss of larger myelinated fibers in a CCI model causes changes in the neurogenic component, which induced a recruitment of immune cells at the injury site of the peripheral nerve. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Thus, changes in the profile of neurochemicals involving neuropathic pain affect the number and activity of immune cells in the plasma or spleen. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Trauma, surgical stress and chronic pain are often associated with immune suppression and increased susceptibility to infection. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | NK cells are the third subset of lymphocytes and are important for the early immune response against infections. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | It thus appears to be important to prevent the relative suppression of NK cell to maintain immune function. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Our study suggests that EA stimulation has a positive role in the immunoregulation after CCI through increasing the NK cell function. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Cytokines have emerged as essential regulators of lymphocyte trafficking, which is necessary to turn an innate immune response into an adaptive response. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | IFN-γ, IL-2 and TGF-β are all cytokines that support cellular immunity. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Therefore, NK cells not only synergize with innate immunity against danger signals but also shape the adaptive immune system, thus highlighting its importance as an important adjuvant during the development of immunoregulation after acupuncture intervention. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | These chemokines can attract antigen-specific CD4+ or CD8+T lymphocytes into the injured tissue to establish organ-specific immunity, which constitutes an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | This link is essential for protective immunity. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Following 12 sessions of EA, plasma levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ were significantly decreased, and the anti-inflammatory TGF-β was considerably increased, implying that after undergoing approximately 10 days of cellular immunity, the balance between TH1 and TH2 was restored. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | The innate and adaptive immune systems are clearly two interdependent parts of a single integrated immune system. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | This time point was consistent with that of the innate immunity to motivate the acquired immunity. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | These cells are acquired immunity response cells. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | These coincidences may suggest that the different stage of EA interventions was related to the shift from the innate to the acquired immune responses. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | As an effect cell involving this cumulative analgesic effect, NK cell may be a functional bridge between the cumulative analgesic effect of EA and the immune activity and may be a target for EA analgesia. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Analgesic Effect Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25158599 | Results of the present study provide the first insight into the origins of innate to adaptive immunity following EA interventions in a rat model of neuropathic pain. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Aug 26;14:316. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-316. | Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | After a cerebral ischemic injury, most grafted cells die as a result of malignant changes in the ischemic focus and the surrounding microenvironment; for example, inflammation or immune response, trophic factor withdrawal, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, hypoxia, and apoptosis. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | The tissue sections were collected further in tissue cryopreservation fluid for immunohistochemical analysis. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | Immunofluorescence Staining | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | Immunofluorescence staining was performed in vitro on coverslip cultures or frozen brain tissue sections as previously described. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | Vascular density in the hippocampus was evaluated with immunofluorescence staining on the 14th day after grafting. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | As described previously, all nuclei of grafted cells were identified in the presence of the human-specific nuclear marker (HuNu) immunostaining. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | 2VO-induced inflammatory response in rats' hippocampus was demonstrated by the increased immunoreactivity of TNF-α and IL-1β compared to the sham group (P < 0.001). | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | In the 2VO+Cell+EA group, immunoreactivity of TNF-α and IL-1β in the hippocampus decreased significantly compared with that of the 2VO+Cell group (P = 0.008 and P = 0.029), indicating that EA inhibited inflammation response of the hippocampus in rats of the 2VO+Cell group (Figure 5). | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | Additionally, the vascular density of the cell grafting area in the hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence staining. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | Most cell death occurs during the first few days after transplantation as a result of inflammation or immune response, trophic factor withdrawal, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, hypoxia, and apoptosis. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | In the grafting area, several surviving cells coexpressing HuNu (for analysis of the survival of grafted cells, all nuclei of grafted cells were identified based on HuNu immunostaining) and mCherry were observed. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | (a) Representative images were immunoreactive for neuroepithelium marker PAX6 and NSC marker Nestin on day 4. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34659396 | (a) Immunofluorescence staining of blood vessels (green) in the hippocampus on the 14th day after grafting. | Neural Plast. 2021 Oct 7;2021:4894881. doi: 10.1155/2021/4894881. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25302705 | Among these top genes, we noted that some of them (LOC367975 and RGD1306750) have unknown functions, and many of them are related to the immune system. | Molecules. 2014 Oct 9;19(10):16158-78. doi: 10.3390/molecules191016158. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25302705 | Recent study showed that TNF-α secretion was enhanced in SR-Aâ/âmice, and could be responsible for the increased MMP activity and augmented risk of MI; SR-A has a role in the induction of innate immunity and plays a central role in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. | Molecules. 2014 Oct 9;19(10):16158-78. doi: 10.3390/molecules191016158. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25302705 | Combined with the further pathway analysis (shown below in Figure 4), it seems that the immune system was weakened by I/R injury, but enhanced by the needling at both the PC6 Neiguan and non-acupoint. | Molecules. 2014 Oct 9;19(10):16158-78. doi: 10.3390/molecules191016158. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25302705 | This kind of nonspecific immune response might contribute to, but not the main mechanism for the protection against I/R injury, though further studies are needed. | Molecules. 2014 Oct 9;19(10):16158-78. doi: 10.3390/molecules191016158. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25302705 | Serum LDH, CK and CK-Mb were analyzed by immune inhibition, and plasma cTnT was detected with electrochemiluminescence immune-assay method at the Medical Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Hospital (Nanjing, China). | Molecules. 2014 Oct 9;19(10):16158-78. doi: 10.3390/molecules191016158. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25302705 | Compared to non-acupoint pretreatment, needling at the PC6 Neiguan acupoint specifically regulated cardiac muscle contraction, vascular smooth muscle contraction, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, oxidative phosphorylation, inflammation and immune response, and apoptosis pathways, thus effectively protected against I/R injury in a pretreatment approach. | Molecules. 2014 Oct 9;19(10):16158-78. doi: 10.3390/molecules191016158. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | For immunohistochemical analysis, animals in each group (n=5) were anesthetized with 30 mg/kg Zoletil 50® at 12 weeks of age and transcardially perfused with 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) followed by 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | Immunohistochemistry for Ki67 and DCX: To optimize consistency of our immunohistochemistry data for Ki67 and DCX staining, sections were carefully processed simultaneously and under identical conditions. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | The number of Ki67- and DCX-immunoreactive cells in each section of the dentate gyrus group was counted using an image analysis system (Optimas 6.5, CyberMetrics, Scottsdale, AZ, U.S.A.) | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | Immunohistochemistry for Ki67 in the dentate gyrus in ZLC (A), ZDF-Sham (B) and ZDF-EA (C) rats. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | Immunohistochemistry for DCX in the dentate gyrus in ZLC (A and B), ZDF-Sham (C and D) and ZDF-EA (E and F) rats. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | In the ZLC group, the somas of DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts are detected in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | In the ZDF-Sham group, DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts are significantly decreased as compared to the ZLC group. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | In some neuroblasts (arrowheads), DCX-immunoreactive dendrites are particularly poorly developed. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | In the ZDF-EA group, DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts with well-developed dendrites are abundant in the dentate gyrus. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | G: Analysis of DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts per section in the ZLC, ZDF-Sham and ZDF-EA rats (n=5 per group; *P<0.05, significantly different from the ZLC group, #P<0.05, significantly different from the ZDF-Sham group). | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | Effects of EA on neuroblast differentiation at the onset of type-2 diabetes: In the ZLC group, DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts were observed in the dentate gyrus. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | In the ZDF-Sham group, the number of DCX-immunoreactive neuroblast was significantly decreased as compared to that in the ZLC group (Fig. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | In addition, the dendrites of DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts were poorly developed as compared to those in the ZLC group (Fig. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25342636 | In the ZDF-EA group, DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts had well-developed dendrites, and the number of DCX-immunoreactive neuroblasts was significantly increased as compared to that in the ZDF-Sham group (Fig. | J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36422883 | Ten rats in each group were used for Nissl staining, transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blot. | CNS Neurosci Ther. 2023 Jan;29(1):458-470. doi: 10.1111/cns.14018. Epub 2022 Nov 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36422883 | Immunofluorescence Staining | CNS Neurosci Ther. 2023 Jan;29(1):458-470. doi: 10.1111/cns.14018. Epub 2022 Nov 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36422883 | To confirm this hypothesis, we used the immunofluorescence assay to detect the LC3 positive cell rate of neurons in the injured side of the cerebral cortex, and the Western blot assay to measure the protein expression of autophagy marker LC3 and autophagy substrate p62. | CNS Neurosci Ther. 2023 Jan;29(1):458-470. doi: 10.1111/cns.14018. Epub 2022 Nov 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | Second, immunofluorescence was performed at ST36 to reveal distribution pattern of the channels. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | Furthermore, immunofluorescence showed these channels were expressed in both neural and non-neural cells at ST36. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | A peroxidase-conjugated anti-rabbit or anti-mouse (1:10,000) antibody (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, West Grove, PA, USA) was used as a secondary antibody. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | Immunofluorescence | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | Immunofluorescence of TRPV1, TRPV4, and ASIC3 at ST36. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | TRPV1 (A), TRPV4 (B), and ASIC3 (C) were primarily expressed in muscle fibers (M), nerve (arrow), and subcutaneous cells (arrowhead) (as assessed using immunofluorescence). | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | Immunofluorescence results correlated with the patterns observed in western blots. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | The immunofluorescence experiments showed that TRPV1, TRPV4, and ASIC3 were expressed in neural and non-neural cells (muscle cells and maybe fibroblasts). | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | The results of immunofluorescence showed that all three channels were expressed in muscle fibers. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24612851 | The microscopic slides of immunofluorescence accidentally discovered higher expression of TRPV1 at the muscle margin. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 11;14:96. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-96. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26438555 | HomeCageScan was used to measure effects on behaviour, and immunofluorescence staining was used to examine neural activation (c-Fos immunoreactivity) in the PAG, RMg, and TNC. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):127-35. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010840. Epub 2015 Oct 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26438555 | There were no significant differences between the SA and Model groups in behaviour or c-Fos immunoreactivity. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):127-35. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010840. Epub 2015 Oct 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26438555 | The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of EA on behaviour (using HomeCageScan technology) and neuronal activation in the PAG, RMg, and TNC (by immunofluorescence staining). | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):127-35. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010840. Epub 2015 Oct 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26438555 | Behavioural analysis was carried out using HomeCageScan immediately after dural stimulation on days 1, 3, and 5. c-Fos immunofluorescence was measured in brain tissues prepared following necropsy on day 5. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):127-35. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010840. Epub 2015 Oct 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26438555 | c-Fos immunofluorescence and image analysis | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):127-35. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010840. Epub 2015 Oct 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26438555 | c-Fos immunofluorescence analysis | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):127-35. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010840. Epub 2015 Oct 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26438555 | We found that EA at GB20 reversed c-Fos immunoreactivity changes in migraine-related brain areas (compared to the Model group). | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):127-35. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010840. Epub 2015 Oct 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26438555 | In agreement with previous studies, our results showed significant increases in c-Fos immunoreactivity within the PAG, RMg, and TNC after repeated dural stimulation, supporting the notion that activation of the PAG-RMg pathway in the descending pain modulatory system contributes to migraine pathophysiology through impaired descending inhibition and/or enhanced descending facilitation. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):127-35. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010840. Epub 2015 Oct 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26438555 | Pretreatment with EA strikingly decreased c-Fos immunoreactivity within these structures. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):127-35. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010840. Epub 2015 Oct 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23173601 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012 Nov 22;12:225. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-225. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Histology and immunohistochemical analysis | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Following equilibration in 30 % sucrose in PBS, 30 μm sections were cut in the coronal plane with a cryostat at â20 °C and processed for immunohistochemistry. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Immunofluorescent images were captured using a laser scanning confocal microscope (Leica TCS SP8, Germany). | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | a Representative immunofluorescent photomicrographs showing α-syn (red) and GFAP (green) costaining in the SN of A53T mice. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | The α-syn immunoreactivity was restricted to GFAP-expressing astrocytes. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | b and c Immunoblot analysis of expression of α-syn proteins in the midbrain and striatum of A53T mice. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Representative immunoblots are shown above the quantified data. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | A53T mice were sacrificed for subsequent immunoblot analysis at 1 or 2 months after the birth or at the paralysis development in the symptomatic A53T mice. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Representative immunoblots are shown above the quantified data. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Western blots also showed that the level of exogenous α-syn was gradually increased in the midbrain and striatum over different time points (1 month, 2 month, and symptomatic time) in A53T mice, while α-syn immunoreactivity was absent in these regions in nTg control mice (Fig. 3b, c). | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | a Immunofluorescent images illustrating effects of EA on GFAP immunostaining in the SN of A53T and control nTg mice. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | GFAP-containing astrocytes were visualized by GFAP immunostaining. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | b Immunoblots illustrating the effects of EA on GFAP protein expression in the midbrain. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Representative immunoblots are shown above the quantified data. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Immunofluorescent staining revealed a larger number of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the SN of A53T mice (Fig. 5a). | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | EA (100 Hz) decreased the number of GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes (Fig. 5a). | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Similarly, in immunoblot assays, EA effectively alleviated the excessive expression of GFAP in the SN of A53T mice (Fig. 5b). | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | a Immunofluorescent images illustrating effects of EA on Iba1 immunostaining in the SN of A53T and nTg control mice. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Iba1-containing microglia was visualized by Iba-1 immunostaining. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Activated microglia was observed in the SN of A53T mice, as evidenced by increased Iba-1 immunoreactivity and by the appearance of microglia clusters (Fig. 6a). | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | EA stimulation effectively reduced the intensity of Iba-1 immunostaining and the clusters of activated microglia. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | a Representative immunohistochemical photomicrographs showing TH immunostainings in the SNpc of A53T and nTg control mice following EA treatment. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | TH proteins were detected by immunoblot analysis. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Representative immunoblots are shown above the quantified data. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | In addition, changes of neurons in the spinal cord were investigated by the immunostaining of NeuN. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | The density of immunostaining in motor neurons was reduced in both the cervical and lumber spinal cord of A53T mice compared to control mice (Fig. 7e, f). | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Representative immunoblots are shown above the quantified data. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Recent studies suggest a neural-immune model. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | Sensory signals induced by EA stimulation alter the immune system to dynamically control immunity activity. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26016857 | However, the exact anatomical pathways connecting EA signals to the immune system are poorly understood. | J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32249904 | Insomnia also leads to diseases such as hypertension, low immune function and diabetes. | Biosci Rep. 2020 May 29;40(5):BSR20191517. doi: 10.1042/BSR20191517. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 32249904 | It functions by unclogging meridians, regulating blood circulation, which results in strengthening the immunity system, and preventing and/or treating diseases. | Biosci Rep. 2020 May 29;40(5):BSR20191517. doi: 10.1042/BSR20191517. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 32249904 | As shown in Figure 3C, in the warm acupuncture treated group, when compared with the model groups, the proteins with altered levels were enriched in the GO biological processes of signal transduction, regeneration, regulation, growth, immunological reaction and metabolism process; molecular function GO enrichment was observed in nerve conduction electrical carrier activation, antioxidant activity activation, catalytic activation and intermembrane transduction activation. | Biosci Rep. 2020 May 29;40(5):BSR20191517. doi: 10.1042/BSR20191517. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32249904 | Through integration of the acupuncture and warm effects, and specific responses to acupoint stimulation, Mongolian medical warm acupuncture can treat diseases by regulating multiple aspects of function various body parts, which involves multi-pathway mechanisms and the function of the blood circulatory system, the nervous system and the immune system. | Biosci Rep. 2020 May 29;40(5):BSR20191517. doi: 10.1042/BSR20191517. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 32249904 | It functions by unclogging meridians, regulating blood circulation, which results in strengthening the immunity system, and preventing and/or treating diseases. | Biosci Rep. 2020 May 29;40(5):BSR20191517. doi: 10.1042/BSR20191517. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 32249904 | In the present study, we observed GO enrichment in the biological processes of signal transduction, regeneration, regulation, growth, immunological reaction and metabolism process in the warm acupuncture-treated groups. | Biosci Rep. 2020 May 29;40(5):BSR20191517. doi: 10.1042/BSR20191517. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32249904 | We also found GO function enrichment in immune responses, suggesting that Mongolian medical warm acupuncture treated insomnia through up-regulation of immunologic response mechanisms. | Biosci Rep. 2020 May 29;40(5):BSR20191517. doi: 10.1042/BSR20191517. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 30089868 | (M,N) CRF expression levels in the PVN of hypothalamus by immunofluorescence. | Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 8;8(1):11864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30337-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30089868 | Effects of acupuncture at HT8 on the expressions of p-mTOR in the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus using immunofluorescent analysis | Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 8;8(1):11864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30337-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30089868 | (A,B) Immunofluorescence analysis of p-mTOR expression levels in the hippocampus subregion CA1, CA2, CA3 and DG. | Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 8;8(1):11864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30337-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30089868 | Chronic and acute stress activates CRF-immunoreactive neurons in the PVN of the hypothalamus, alters CRF peptide level, and increases serum corticosterone. | Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 8;8(1):11864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30337-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30089868 | There was also no evidence of any p-mTOR showing GFAP and Iba-1 immunoreactivities, but p-mTOR cells showed NeuN immunoreactivity (Supplementary Fig. 1). | Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 8;8(1):11864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30337-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30089868 | Immunofluorescence | Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 8;8(1):11864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30337-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30089868 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 8;8(1):11864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30337-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30089868 | The signal intensities from the immunoblots were analyzed by densitometry. | Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 8;8(1):11864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30337-5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Our immunohistochemical data further indicate that neural circuits in the DVC are involved in mediating AS signals into the vagus nerves. | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for TNF-α measurement | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Immunofluorescence staining | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Sections (15 or 20 μm thickness) were cut on a cryostat, mounted on positively charged slides, and subjected to immunostaining as described previously. | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Immunofluorescence staining of the spleen tissues in LPS-injected animals showed that TNF-α signals were strongly induced through the red and white pulps including the marginal zone, but were significantly decreased by MAC treatment. | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Spleen tissues were prepared from animals that had been sacrificed 90 min after AS and were used for real-time PCR and immunofluorescence analyses. | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Following LPS injection (180 min later) or AS (90 min later), transverse sections through the caudal portion of the brainstem were used for immunofluorescence staining for NF-200 (green) and c-Fos (red) with Hoechst nuclear counterstaining (blue). | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Following MAC and EAC in combination with focal administration of CNQX and/or PPADS into the DVC area, transverse sections through the caudal portion of the brainstem were subjected to immunofluoresence staining analyses for c-Fos production. | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Following LPS (180 min later) or EAC (90 min later), transverse sections through the caudal portion of the brainstem were used for immunofluorescence staining for GluR2/3 and c-Fos (A), P2X2 receptor (red) and c-Fos (green), and c-Fos. | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26991319 | Growing bodies of evidence indicate that vagus nerve activity is important not only for homeostatic regulation of internal organs but also for the regulation of pathologic inflammatory reactions; thus, the vagus nerve acts as a bridge between the neural and immune systems. | PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | In this study, we aim to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of EA on the rat model of KOA induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) and its relationship with NLRP3 inflammasome by immunohistochemistry and western blot. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | Immunohistochemistry was used to observe NLRP3 inflammasome-associated protein-positive cells in the same field of view and western blot was used to detect the expression of the associated protein in cartilage tissue. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | Immunohistochemistry and western blot showed significant inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated protein. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | Immunohistochemistry | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | During immunohistochemistry, a specimen of knee joint tissue was taken out, dewaxed with xylene, and rehydrated with graded alcohol. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | Immunohistochemistry staining of CD68, TNF-α, and MMP13. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | Immunohistochemical quantification of CD68, TNF-α, and MMP13 in three groups. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | To confirm the EA treatment could alleviate the inflammatory response in KOA, we performed Immunohistochemistry staining of the knee joints. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | Immunohistochemistry staining. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | Immunohistochemistry staining of NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β, IL-18. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | Immunohistochemical quantification of NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β, and IL-18 in three groups. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | We can still visualize that in the Immunohistochemistry results (Figure 5), the NLRP3 inflammasome and related proteins (ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18) in the KOA group showed significantly higher expression of protein-positive cells and heavier staining in the same field of view compared to the control group. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36510338 | Activation of the inflammasome is the key to the occurrence of pyroptosis, and the NLRP3 inflammasome is the core factor of the inflammatory response, which is composed of scaffolding protein NLR, bridging protein ASC, pro-caspase-1 and several other proteins as one of the receptors in the intrinsic immune cells. | Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21625423 | Modern science research had shown that stimulation in these two acupoints could enhance the immunity and improve the mobility. | PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21625423 | Three mice from each group were randomly selected on day 14 for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry. | PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21625423 | Brains were sectioned at 20 µm thickness with a cryostat at â20°C and processed for immunohistochemistry. | PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21625423 | Immunohistochemistry and quantification of TH-ir neuronal profiles | PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21625423 | All sections spanning the SN were collected for immunohistochemistry according to the previously described method with minor modifications. | PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21625423 | Sections treated with diluted non-immune goat serum instead of primary antibody served as an antibody control. | PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21625423 | Here we assessed whether EA stimulation could rescue DA neurons in the SNpc from MPTP toxicity by TH immunohistochemistry. | PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects | Mechanism |
| 21625423 | However, TH immunoreactivity could be rescued by 100 Hz EA stimulation (p<0.05 vs. | PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21625423 | Consistent with the TH immunohistochemistry results, 0 Hz EA stimulation did not affect the concentrations of DA, DOPAC and HVA in the striatum of the MPTP treated mice. | PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26345700 | Immunostaining | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):107-13. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010674. Epub 2015 Sep 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26345700 | Localisation of HDAC2 was assessed by immunohistochemical staining in 10 rats per group. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):107-13. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010674. Epub 2015 Sep 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26345700 | A control immunostaining experiment was also conducted, which was identical to the above immunohistochemical procedure but without the primary antibody. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):107-13. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010674. Epub 2015 Sep 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26345700 | Immunoblot analysis | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):107-13. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010674. Epub 2015 Sep 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26345700 | The levels of proteins in the immunoblots were quantified by scanning densitometry (Fuji Multigauge V.3.0 Software). | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):107-13. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010674. Epub 2015 Sep 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26345700 | The luminescent signals from all immunoblots were within the linear range. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):107-13. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010674. Epub 2015 Sep 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26345700 | HDAC2 immunostaining revealed expression in the COPD group was significantly lower than in the Control group, while acupuncture treatment significantly enhanced HDAC2 protein expression (figure 3A, B). | Acupunct Med. 2016 Apr;34(2):107-13. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010674. Epub 2015 Sep 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26792101 | Double immunofluorescence examination was performed to locate lysosome with an anti-LAMP2 antibody and DA neurons with an anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (anti-TH) antibody, which further confirms the appearance of more lysosomes in SNpc DA neurons after the acupuncture treatment (Fig. | Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 21;6:19714. doi: 10.1038/srep19714. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26792101 | Louis, MO; G9545, rabbit polyclonal, 1:5000 for western blot); anti-Tyrosine Hydroxylase (Millipore, Temecula, CA; Cat# MAB318, mouse monoclonal, 1:200 for immunofluorescence); anti-LC3 (Novus biological, Littleton, CO; NB100-2220, rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 for western blot); anti-LAMP2 (abcam, Cambridge, MA; ab13524, rat monoclonal, 1:100 for immunofluorescence); anti-LAMP1 (Cell Signaling Technology, Boston, MA; Cat# 3243, rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 for western blot); anti-ULK1 (abcam, Cambridge, MA; ab128859, rabbit monoclonal, 1:1000 for western blot); anti-Synaptophysin (Cell Signaling Technology, Boston, MA; Cat# 5461, rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 for western blot); anti-SYT1 (Cell Signaling Technology, Boston, MA; Cat# 3347, rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 for western blot); anti-Synapsin I (Millipore, Temecula, CA; Cat# AB1543, rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 for western blot); anti-c-Fos (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA; Cat#: sc-52, rabbit polyclonal, 1:100 for immunohistochemistry); anti-α-synuclein (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA; Cat#: sc-7011-R, rabbit polyclonal, 1:500 for western blot); anti-phospho-mTOR (Cell Signaling Technology, Boston, MA; Cat# 5536, rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 for western blot); anti-phospho-P70S6K (Cell Signaling Technology, Boston, MA; Cat# 9204, rabbit polyclonal, 1:1000 for western blot). | Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 21;6:19714. doi: 10.1038/srep19714. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26792101 | Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence | Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 21;6:19714. doi: 10.1038/srep19714. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26792101 | (a) Immunoblot levels of α-syn, LAMP1 and LC3II in the mouse SNpc in AG for different days (1st, 4th, 7th day after last MPTP injection). | Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 21;6:19714. doi: 10.1038/srep19714. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26792101 | (a) Immunoblot and the optical density of α-syn in the mouse SNpc in each group after rapamycin treatment for 12 days. | Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 21;6:19714. doi: 10.1038/srep19714. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26792101 | (c) Immunoblot levels of p-mTOR, p-P70S6K and ULK1 in the mouse SNpc in each group after acupuncture and rapamycin treatment. | Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 21;6:19714. doi: 10.1038/srep19714. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26792101 | (f) Immunohistochemistry staining of c-fos in the striatum. | Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 21;6:19714. doi: 10.1038/srep19714. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26792101 | (i) Immunoblot for proteins involved in synaptic transmission in the striatum. | Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 21;6:19714. doi: 10.1038/srep19714. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28358020 | Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assessment | Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 30;7:45580. doi: 10.1038/srep45580. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27301303 | Mast cells are known as immune cells that play an active role in the immune response through degranulation to release biological substances including tryptase, histamine, and serotonin (5-HT) et al. | Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 15;6:28018. doi: 10.1038/srep28018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27301303 | revealed the response of cutaneous nerve fibers and mast cells to manual acupuncture stimulation in acupoint Hegu (LI4) by employing immunohistochemistry analysis method, in which the cells were conducted in vitro. | Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 15;6:28018. doi: 10.1038/srep28018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27301303 | So far, 5-HT levels in the central nervous and in the blood of platelets have been assayed by extraction, followed by high precision liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 15;6:28018. doi: 10.1038/srep28018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23737982 | Here we found that, in MPTP treated mice, the total movements significantly decreased and the movement time, velocity and distance dramatically increased, although the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system was devastated, revealed by immunohistochemistry and HPLC-ECD. | PLoS One. 2013 May 30;8(5):e64403. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064403. Print 2013. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23737982 | For immunohistochemistry analysis, four mice from each group on one time point were sacrificed, then the brains were removed and tissues were prepared according to the previously methods. | PLoS One. 2013 May 30;8(5):e64403. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064403. Print 2013. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23737982 | Immunohistochemistry and Quantification of TH-ir Neuronal Profiles | PLoS One. 2013 May 30;8(5):e64403. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064403. Print 2013. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23737982 | All sections spanning the SN were collected for immunohistochemistry according to the previously described method. | PLoS One. 2013 May 30;8(5):e64403. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064403. Print 2013. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | Immunohistochemistry | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | An immunohistochemistry method was performed, as previously described. | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | For stereological analysis of dopaminergic neuron cell counting, TH- and Nissl-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) were counted bilaterally in five continuous 40 µm thickness immunostained mesencephalic sections at the level between AP â3.08â¼â3.28 mm from bregma (accordance with atlas of the mice brain) using a Zeiss Axioscope 2 (Zeiss, Jena, Germany) and an attached StereoInvestigator system (MicroBrightfield, VT, USA). | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | Immunoreactive optical densities were calculated using Image Pro software (version 6.0 for Windows; Media Cybernetics Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA). | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | (A, B) Immunohistochemical staining for TH-positive and Nissl-positive dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in a low magnification (A, scale bar: 300 µm) and in a higher magnification (B, scale bar: 100 µm). | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | (C) Immunohistochemical staining for TH-positive dopaminergic fibers in the striatum. | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | Therefore, we examined MPTP-induced postsynaptic changes using immunohistochemical staining for phospho-DARPP-32 at Thr34. | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | (A) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining for phospho-DARPP-32 at Thr34. | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | (A) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining for FosB. | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | Thus, additionally, we performed the immunohistochemical detection of DAT in the striatum to observe the involvement of DAT. | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22132113 | Because MPTP-induced postsynaptic changes are often measured by changes in FosB expression and FosB expression is regulated by DARPP-32 signalling, we examined MPTP-induced postsynaptic changes of phospho-DARPP-32 at Thr34 and FosB using immunohistochemistry. | PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027566. Epub 2011 Nov 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | Consistent with clinical syndromes, we previously demonstrated that COMT inhibition in rodents produces persistent pain and heightened immune responses. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | Immunohistochemical analysis of spinal phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated kinase (p-p38 MAPK), a marker of inflammation, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of astrogliosis, was performed on day 13. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | Immunohistochemical staining | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | On the following day, the sections were reacted with anti-rabbit Alexa-488 IgG (1:200; Jackson ImmunoResearch Inc., West Grove, PA, USA) or anti-mouse Alexa-594 IgG (1:200; Jackson ImmunoResearch Inc., West Grove, PA, USA) secondary antibodies for 1 h at room temperature. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | To evaluate changes in the activation (phosphorylation; p) of p38, we performed immunostaining in spinal cord sections collected on day 13 using an anti-p-p38 antibody. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | Astrocytes are abundant immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that play a critic al role in the development and maintenance of persistent pain following nerve injury or inflam mation. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | To evaluate changes in the activation of astrocytes in our mouse model of COPCs, we performed immunostaining of spinal cord sections collected on day 13 using an anti-GFAP antibody as a marker of astrogliosis. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | This may be attributed to multiple sources of variability inherent in human study participants, including variability in genetics, environment, disease etiology, symptom severity, and age, all of which may influence vitality, immune signaling, and analgesic response. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | By quieting the activity of spinal cord glia and peripheral immune cells, acupuncture may restore homeostasis in immune signaling so as to prevent or reverse pathological pain states. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | Furthermore, acupuncture induces the local release of endogenous opioids (e.g., β-endorphin) and cannabinoids (e.g., anandamide) that act on peripheral nerve terminals to suppress the transduction of pain and on immune cells to decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in circulation. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | The stronger initial immune response may then more effectively initiate the resolution of inflammation. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | Tissues were collected on day 13 for immunohistochemical analyses. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | (A) Immunohistochemical staining showing the expression of p-p38 on day 13 in separate groups of C57BL/6 and MRL/MpJ mice receiving continuous systemic delivery of OR486 or vehicle with either ST36 or sham acupuncture. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | Quantitative analysis of immunofluorescence intensity demonstrates that both (B) C57BL/6 mice and (C) MRL/MpJ mice exhibit OR486-induced increases in p-p38 expression that are reduced by ST36, but not sham, acupuncture. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | (A) Immunohistochemical staining showing the expression of the astrogliosis marker GFAP on day 13 in separate groups of C57BL/6 and MRL/MpJ mice receiving continuous systemic delivery of OR486 or vehicle with either ST36 or sham acupuncture. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29981376 | Quantitative analysis of immunofluorescence intensity demonstrates that both (B) C57BL/6 mice and (C) MRL/MpJ mice exhibit OR486-induced increases in GFAP expression that are reduced by ST36, but not sham, acupuncture. | J Pain. 2018 Dec;19(12):1384.e1-1384.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.05.013. Epub 2018 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32956833 | The roles of increased SP in Neuro-Sps were also investigated by using immunohistochemistry, in vivo single-fiber peripheral nerve recordings, and in vivo midbrain extracellular recordings. | Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Jan;91:683-694. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.016. Epub 2020 Sep 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32956833 | Immunohistochemical detection of substance P and protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 in the skin | Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Jan;91:683-694. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.016. Epub 2020 Sep 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32956833 | To examine the increased release of SP from afferent nerves in Neuro-Sps, immunohistochemical detection of SP was performed on tissue samples from wrist areas of naïve (Control) and IMH rats (Fig. | Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Jan;91:683-694. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.016. Epub 2020 Sep 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32956833 | Immunostaining for DAPI, SP, and PGP 9.5 at normal skin in naïve rats (A), acupoints (Neuro-Sps) in IMH rats (B), and acupuncture-stimulated skin in naïve rats (C). | Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Jan;91:683-694. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.016. Epub 2020 Sep 18. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were purchased from Cusabio Biotech Co., Ltd. | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Immunofluorescence staining | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | For tissue immunofluorescence staining for the relevant proteins, rat lungs were inflated in situ with 4% PFA in PBS at a standard inflation pressure of 20 cm H2O for 4h at 4°C. | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Consistent with the previously published data, perinatal nicotine exposure resulted in decreased PPARγ signaling, as indicated by decreased PPARγ (Western analysis and immunostaining) and its downstream target adipocyte differentiation-related protein (ADRP) (Western analysis) levels, and blockage of these changes by the concomitant EA treatment (Fig. | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Furthermore, perinatal nicotine exposure-induced up-regulation of β-catenin (Western analysis, immunostaining) and LEF-1 (Western analysis), two key mediators of Wnt signaling, was also blocked in the EA-treated group (Fig. | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Perinatal nicotine exposure resulted in decreased PPARγ signaling, as indicated by decreased PPARγ (Western, immunostaining) and its downstream target adipocyte-differentiation-related protein (ADRP) (Western analysis) levels. | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Similarly, perinatal nicotine exposure induced up-regulation of β-catenin (Western analysis and immunostaining) and LEF-1 (Western analysis) was blocked by concomitant EA administration (3B). | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Representative lung sections for PPARγ (3A) and β-catenin (3B) immunostaining are shown. | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Compared with the control group, perinatal nicotine exposure resulted in increased α-SMA (5A) and calponin (5B) protein levels (Western analysis and immunostaining), with blockage of these changes with concomitant EA treatment. | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Representative lung sections for α-SMA (5A) and calponin (5B) immunostaining are shown. | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | In contrast, lung GR levels increased in the nicotine exposed group (Western and immunostaining), an effect that was normalized in the EA treated group (Fig. | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27179524 | Representative lung sections for GR immunostaining are shown (7C). | Lung. 2016 Aug;194(4):535-46. doi: 10.1007/s00408-016-9899-7. Epub 2016 May 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24321617 | Next, we investigated the abnormal protein activation of FosB via western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. | Brain Res. 2014 Jan 28;1544:33-44. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.11.028. Epub 2013 Dec 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24321617 | Immunofluorescence | Brain Res. 2014 Jan 28;1544:33-44. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.11.028. Epub 2013 Dec 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24321617 | The tissue sections were incubated with anti-rabbit Alexa-488 and anti-mouse Alexa-594 immunoglobulin G (Molecular probes, USA) for 1 h at room temperature for double staining. | Brain Res. 2014 Jan 28;1544:33-44. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.11.028. Epub 2013 Dec 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24321617 | (B and C) Immunofluorescence image for the mice striatum. | Brain Res. 2014 Jan 28;1544:33-44. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.11.028. Epub 2013 Dec 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24524846 | The signal intensities from the immunoblots were analyzed by densitometry. | J Pain. 2014 May;15(5):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498. Epub 2014 Feb 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24524846 | As part of an immunohistochemistry analysis, the sections were incubated in 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10 minutes, washed in wash buffer (TBS-T), and incubated in blocking solution (TBS-T with 5% normal goat serum) for 1 hour. | J Pain. 2014 May;15(5):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498. Epub 2014 Feb 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24524846 | The sections were incubated with biotinylated anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) (diluted 1/1,000; Vector Laboratories Inc, Burlingame, CA) for 1 hour. | J Pain. 2014 May;15(5):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498. Epub 2014 Feb 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24524846 | For immunofluorescence analysis, the sections were washed in wash buffer and then incubated in blocking solution for 1 hour. | J Pain. 2014 May;15(5):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498. Epub 2014 Feb 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24524846 | To investigate the location of ERK activation in the skin layer, a histologic analysis with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence was performed. | J Pain. 2014 May;15(5):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498. Epub 2014 Feb 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24524846 | To investigate the type of cell undergoing ERK activation, the tissue was costained for phospho-ERK, a fibroblast marker, and a keratinocyte marker, and then visualized by immunofluorescence (Fig 6). | J Pain. 2014 May;15(5):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498. Epub 2014 Feb 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24524846 | Among them, nfkbia is categorized in the B and T cell receptor pathways and is involved in local immunomodulation. | J Pain. 2014 May;15(5):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498. Epub 2014 Feb 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24524846 | Five minutes after acupuncture needling, phospho-ERK levels in the skin layers were determined through immunohistochemistry. | J Pain. 2014 May;15(5):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498. Epub 2014 Feb 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24524846 | Five minutes after acupuncture needling, phospho-ERK levels in the epidermis and the dermis layers were determined by immunofluorescence. | J Pain. 2014 May;15(5):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498. Epub 2014 Feb 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21872220 | In contrast, a recent study using in situ hybridization, single-cell polymerase chain reaction, and immunostaining demonstrated that δ receptors coexist with μ receptors in small peptidergic dorsal root ganglion neurons. | Brain Res. 2011 Sep 26;1414:58-65. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.08.004. Epub 2011 Aug 7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29034548 | The immunoreactivity of the proteins on the membrane was visualized using the Super Signal chemiluminescence kit (Pierce). | Eur J Pain. 2018 Apr;22(4):679-690. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1132. Epub 2017 Oct 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29034548 | Autoradiograms were analyzed and the intensity of the immunoreactive bands of interest was quantified (NIH Image J). | Eur J Pain. 2018 Apr;22(4):679-690. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1132. Epub 2017 Oct 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31600836 | Thus, we mapped P6 specific neural activation by MA in the forebrain using the Fos-CreER; Ai9 mice model, which allows for enhanced sensitivity and efficiency compared to conventional immunohistochemical staining. | J Comp Neurol. 2020 Apr;528(6):953-971. doi: 10.1002/cne.24789. Epub 2019 Nov 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31600836 | This genetic method allows for enhanced sensitivity and efficiency compared to conventional immunohistochemical staining along with temporal control of introducing stimulus after tamoxifen-CRE induction. | J Comp Neurol. 2020 Apr;528(6):953-971. doi: 10.1002/cne.24789. Epub 2019 Nov 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31600836 | Identification of activated neurons with their c-Fos expression in the brain following acupuncture has been studied with conventional Fos immunochemical staining in other species (e.g., rats and cats). | J Comp Neurol. 2020 Apr;528(6):953-971. doi: 10.1002/cne.24789. Epub 2019 Nov 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31600836 | The activated neurons expressing c-Fos following stimulation were permanently labeled with tdTomato FP expression appearing as bright red fluorescence that does not require immuno-enhancement for detection. | J Comp Neurol. 2020 Apr;528(6):953-971. doi: 10.1002/cne.24789. Epub 2019 Nov 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31600836 | The activated neurons expressing c-Fos following stimulation are permanently labeled with tdTomato fluorescence protein that does not require immuno-enhancement for detection. | J Comp Neurol. 2020 Apr;528(6):953-971. doi: 10.1002/cne.24789. Epub 2019 Nov 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36003380 | Gut microbiota dysbiosis, a condition of the altered gut microbiome with an imbalance in unhealthy microorganisms relative to the healthy microorganisms, could lead to altered immune functions and increased risk of diseases. | Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 8;13:955581. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.955581. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36003380 | We performed immunohistochemistry using a pan microglia marker (Iba1) to assess the effect of SP and EA stimulation (DU20+KI1) on the changes in microglia density in the spinal cord, somatosensory cortex, and hippocampus of mice. | Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 8;13:955581. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.955581. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36003380 | Consistently, immunohistochemical analysis using a pan microglia marker revealed an increase in the density of microglia in the present study. | Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 8;13:955581. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.955581. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22524543 | Immunohistochemistry | Mol Pain. 2012 Apr 23;8:28. doi: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-28. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22524543 | The hindlimbs were removed and post-fixed for 24 hr at 4°C in 50 mL 4% PFA, washed for 6 h at room temperature in 50 mL PBS and decalcified with 50 mL Rapid Cal Immuno (BBC Biochemical) for 3 days at 4°C. | Mol Pain. 2012 Apr 23;8:28. doi: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-28. | Immunity Heart Rate | Mechanism |
| 22524543 | PGP 9.5 immunostaining was performed as previously described. | Mol Pain. 2012 Apr 23;8:28. doi: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-28. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33384922 | The regional distribution of Sigma1 R determined in rats using immunohistochemistry showed moderate-to-intense staining in most dopaminergic neurons, including neurons in the VTA, the nucleus accumbens (NAc), the amygdala (Amg), and the prefrontal cortex (PFC). | Integr Med Res. 2021 Jun;10(2):100497. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.100497. Epub 2020 Aug 12. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | Six rats from each group were used for the cerebral infarction size study, and the remaining six rats from each group were used for the immunohistochemistry (IHC) study. | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | The stained slices were sealed under the coverslips and examined for the presence of immunoreactive cells using a microscope (Olympus, BX-51, Japan). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | The number of immunoreactive cells was quantified using National Institutes of Health ImageJ software (Bethesda, MD, USA). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | In the penumbra area, the number of Ki67 immunoreactive cells in the control, sham, EA1, and EA2 groups was higher than that in the normal group (all p < 0.001; Table 2, Figure 2). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | The number of Ki67 immunoreactive cells in the control, sham, and EA2 groups was also higher than that in the EA1 group (all p < 0.05; Table 2, Figure 2), and the number of Ki67 immunoreactive cells in the control group was higher than that in the sham group (p < 0.05; Table 2, Figure 2). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | Furthermore, the number of Ki67 immunoreactive cells was similar between the control and EA2 groups (p > 0.05; Table 2, Figure 2). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | In the penumbra area, the number of GFAP immunoreactive cells in the control, sham, EA1, and EA2 groups was higher than that in the normal group (all p < 0.001; Table 2, Figure 3). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | The number of GFAP immunoreactive cells in the EA1 group was higher than that in the control, sham, and EA2 groups (all p < 0.05; Table 2, Figure 3); moreover, the number of GFAP immunoreactive cells was similar between the two groups among the control, sham, and EA2 groups (all p > 0.05; Table 2, Figure 3). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | In the penumbra area, no prominent nestin immunoreactive cells were noted in the normal group (Figure 4). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | Additionally, the number of nestin immunoreactive cells in the control and sham groups was higher than that in the EA1 and EA2 groups (all p < 0.05; Table 2, Figure 4). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | The number of nestin immunoreactive cells was also higher in the EA2 group than that in the EA1 group (p < 0.05; Table 2, Figure 4). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | Finally, the number of nestin immunoreactive cells was similar between the control and sham groups (p > 0.05; Table 2, Figure 4). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | In the ischemic core area, no prominent nestin immunoreactive cells were noted in the normal group (Figure 4). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | The number of nestin immunoreactive cells in the control and sham groups was also higher than that in the EA1 and EA2 groups (all p < 0.05; Table 2, Figure 4). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | Furthermore, the number of nestin immunoreactive cells was higher in the EA2 group than in the EA1 group (p < 0.05; Table 2, Figure 4), and the number of such cells was similar between the control and sham groups (p > 0.05; Table 2, Figure 4). | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | The number of Ki67 immunoreactive cells increased in the control, sham, and EA2 groups in the penumbra area, but decreased in the EA1 group. | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | Arrow means immunopositive cells. | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | The number of GFAP immunoreactive cells was higher in the EA1 group that in the control, sham, and EA2 groups in the penumbra area. | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | Arrow means immunopositive cells. | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | The number of nestin immunoreactive cells increased in the control and sham groups in the penumbra and ischemic core areas, but decreased in those same areas in the EA1 and EA2 groups. | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28913350 | Arrow means immunopositive cells. | Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:3178014. doi: 10.1155/2017/3178014. Epub 2017 Aug 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38026466 | For immunofluorescence, the primary antibodies were Phospho-p38 MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182) (D3F9) XP® rabbit mAb (4511S, 1:100, CST, MA, USA); Anti-CD11b + CD11c antibody [OX42] (ab1211, 1:100, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), anti-GFAP antibody [2A5] (ab4648, 1:50, Abcam), and NeuN (E4M5P) mouse mAb (94403S, 1:50, CST). | J Pain Res. 2023 Nov 20;16:3945-3960. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S419927. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38026466 | Immunofluorescence | J Pain Res. 2023 Nov 20;16:3945-3960. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S419927. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38026466 | For immunofluorescence staining, the slides were deparaffinized, rehydrated, rinsed with PBS three times for 5 min each, antigen repaired using antigen retrieval solution (ZKWB, Beijing, China) for 15 min in a microwave oven, and incubated with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 30 min at room temperature to block endogenous peroxidases. | J Pain Res. 2023 Nov 20;16:3945-3960. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S419927. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38026466 | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) | J Pain Res. 2023 Nov 20;16:3945-3960. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S419927. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38026466 | Furthermore, the immunofluorescence results for p-p38 in the left cervical spinal cord showed that the average fluorescence intensity of p-p38 in the model group was significantly stronger than that in the sham group (P < 0.01), whereas that in the IQAB group was significantly lower than that in the model group (P < 0.01) (Figure 6G and H). | J Pain Res. 2023 Nov 20;16:3945-3960. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S419927. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38026466 | The results of co-labeling immunofluorescence showed that, in the model group, colocalization of p-p38+NeuN and p-p38+OX42 in the compressing-side spinal cord per region was significantly higher than that in the sham group (P < 0.01), but colocalization of p-p38+GFAP was lower than that in the sham group (P < 0.01). | J Pain Res. 2023 Nov 20;16:3945-3960. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S419927. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38026466 | Then we investigated the distribution of its phosphorylated form in the spinal cord by immunofluorescence and found that p-p38 was mainly present in the gray matter. | J Pain Res. 2023 Nov 20;16:3945-3960. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S419927. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33398365 | The expression levels of spinal P2X4R were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting analysis and immunofluorescence staining. | Mol Med Rep. 2021 Mar;23(3):175. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11814. Epub 2021 Jan 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33398365 | Immunofluorescence staining | Mol Med Rep. 2021 Mar;23(3):175. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11814. Epub 2021 Jan 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33398365 | Immunofluorescence staining was performed as previously described with minor modifications. | Mol Med Rep. 2021 Mar;23(3):175. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11814. Epub 2021 Jan 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33398365 | EA decreases immunofluorescence staining of P2X4R and Iba-1 | Mol Med Rep. 2021 Mar;23(3):175. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11814. Epub 2021 Jan 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33398365 | The results of double immunofluorescence staining are presented in Fig. | Mol Med Rep. 2021 Mar;23(3):175. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11814. Epub 2021 Jan 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33398365 | Representative photomicrographs of immunofluorescence of P2X4R (red) and Iba-1 (green) on the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn on day 14 post-SNL (n=6). | Mol Med Rep. 2021 Mar;23(3):175. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11814. Epub 2021 Jan 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | In the context of BBB destruction, the T cell subpopulations detectable in the peripheral blood can offer insight into the local inflammatory conditions within the central nervous system as these cells and/or inflammatory mediators derived therefrom can enter the compromised ischemic cerebral site, further augmenting microglial activation and immune-inflammatory activity in a manner conducive to neurological injury and cognitive impairment. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Conversely, Treg activation is conducive to immune tolerance and can prevent the development of autoimmune diseases, in addition to suppressing Th17Â cell effector functions in autoimmune contexts. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Treg cells express the characteristic transcription factor FoxP3, and secrete high levels of the immunomodulatory cytokine IL-10. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | VD is associated with immunological dysfunction characterized by increased inflammatory cytokine production, reductions in overall T cell counts, and imbalance between Th17 and Treg populations. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Notably, this balance between the Th17 and Treg compartments has been linked to multiple inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system and to the maintenance of immune homeostasis, suggesting that the Th17/Treg ratio may shape the progression of inflammatory diseases. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Other studies have additionally shown that acupuncture techniques can improve immune functionality and suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine production. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | While many studies have explored different mechanisms regulating inflammatory factor expression, data regarding the neuroprotective effects of acupuncture-mediated immunomodulation are currently lacking. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | As such, in the present study we sought to explore whether modulating the Th17/Treg balance via acupuncture would be sufficient to improve spatial learning and memory in VD model rats in an effort to better define the therapeutic effects of acupuncture on both immunological function and cognitive impairment. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity Cognitive Function Learning and Memory Ability | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Immunofluorescent staining | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | As such, these results indicate that VD is associated with an increase in the numbers of CD4+RORγt+ and RORγt+ in the brains of these VD rats, consistent with a dominant pro-inflammatory Th17 immune response, whereas acupuncture treatment was sufficient to reverse these phenotypes and to inhibiting inflammatory activity, thereby reducing the severity of VD-related neuroinflammation (Fig. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | We further found that this technique was able to regulate peripheral inflammatory abnormalities and immunological function in VD model rats. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | This suggests that acupuncture-related shifts in these immune cell subpopulations and associated inflammatory cytokine production may be sufficient to alleviate peripheral immunological dysfunction in individuals affected by VD. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | These findings are in line with a growing body of evidence regarding the importance of peripheral inflammation mediated by T cells and other immune cell populations, and given the critical role of neuroinflammation as a driver of VD pathogenesis. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Immunodeficient rats have been shown to exhibit marked hippocampal neuronal impairment, and both structural and functional improvements in the hippocampus in the context of T cell-mediated elimination of certain central nervous system-related antigens. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Tregs are capable of promoting self-tolerance and immunological homeostasis, inhibiting the activation of Th17Â cells and other CD4 T cell subsets so as to prevent inflammation and autoimmunity. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Moreover, reductions in peripheral Treg populations have been reported in patients with VD, with corresponding abnormalities in cytokine production consistent with impaired Treg-related peripheral inflammation and immunological dysregulation. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Moreover, Th17/Treg imbalance is associated with the development of various infectious and immunological disorders, with this balance ultimately shaping inflammation in at least certain contexts. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Zhang et al.. Examined peripheral blood Th17 cells in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and healthy controls, and observed significant CAD-related increases in IL-17, IL-6, IL-23, and RORγt expression along with concomitant reductions in Treg, IL-10, TGF-β, and Foxp3 levels and a significant drop in the Treg/Th17 ratio, suggesting that a disruption of the normal homeostasis between these two cell types may contribute to microinflammation and immune-mediated atherosclerosis. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Some studies have shown VD to be associated with immunological dysfunction in the periphery characterized by increased inflammatory cytokine production, reductions in overall T cell counts, and an imbalance between Th17 and Treg populations. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | As the first immunological line of defence in the CNS, microglia play a key role in neuroinflammation. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | These innate immune cells are activated after ischemic injury. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | The entry of further immune cells into the brain through the damaged BBB can thereupon contribute to the induction of specific immune responses. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Once in the CNS, Th17Â cells preferentially target astrocytes and secrete IL-17A, which attracts a wide variety of immune cells into the CNS through chemokine induction, thereby perpetuating the neuroinflammatory cascade. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | reported that stroke-induced inflammation irritates the recruitment and enlargement of immunosuppressive cells regulatory T cells (Tregs) into the brain and suppresses inflammatory responses. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36816326 | Overall, both central and peripheral inflammatory and immune cells and their produced cytokines compose a complex immune-inflammatory regulatory network, amplifying responses via positive feedback and thereby leading to the generalization and persistence of immune-inflammatory responses in the brain, ultimately contributing to cognitive impairment. | Heliyon. 2023 Jan 31;9(2):e13346. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13346. eCollection 2023 Feb. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30662282 | Second, a qualitative immunohistochemistry analysis was not performed to confirm the protein location in the muscles. | J Pain Res. 2019 Jan 7;12:283-298. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S185916. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30906419 | Previous investigations indicated that the immune system mediates human essential hypertension via the activation of innate and adaptive immunity in periphery. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30906419 | This delineation of integrity that combines immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress is consistent with the homeostasis theory in acupuncture treatment undoubtedly. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34782576 | After brain slicing (see the immunofluorescence part), the number of CTB488-positive neurons projecting from bilateral S1 to M1 were counted using ImageJ software version 1.53c (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Jun;17(6):1310-1317. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.327355. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34782576 | Immunofluorescence | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Jun;17(6):1310-1317. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.327355. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34782576 | To observe neuronal staining in the CTB tracing experiments and confirm the efficacy of S1 ablation, the sections from mice with CTB tracer or virus injection after immunofluorescence staining were further imaged. | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Jun;17(6):1310-1317. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.327355. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23304201 | Also, we analyzed newly generated cells by performing immunostaining for PCNA and using several phenotype markers such as CD-31, α-SMA, and collagen type I. In acupuncture-treated group, PCNA-positive cell was increased and PCNA labeled CD-31-positive vessels, α-SMA- and collagen type I-positive fibroblastic cells, were increased compared to the control group at 7 days post-wounding. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:464586. doi: 10.1155/2012/464586. Epub 2012 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23304201 | In normal wound repair, well-controlled and coordinated balance between immune defense and epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation is essential. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:464586. doi: 10.1155/2012/464586. Epub 2012 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23304201 | Immunohistofluorescence Staining | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:464586. doi: 10.1155/2012/464586. Epub 2012 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23304201 | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Analysis | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:464586. doi: 10.1155/2012/464586. Epub 2012 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23304201 | The supernatant was examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the protein levels of angiogenic factor and inflammatory cytokines. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:464586. doi: 10.1155/2012/464586. Epub 2012 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23304201 | To investigate whether acupuncture treatment promotes angiogenesis, angiogenesis factor, and endothelial cell of newly generated cells such as VEGF and CD-31 were analyzed using the ELISA and immunostaining. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:464586. doi: 10.1155/2012/464586. Epub 2012 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23304201 | We examine whether acupuncture could promote the induction of extracellular matrix remodeling by immunostaining for PCNA and several phenotype markers including α-SMA and collagen type I in the wound area. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:464586. doi: 10.1155/2012/464586. Epub 2012 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23304201 | We investigated whether the acupuncture treatment could promote proliferation of newly generated cells and enhance the angiogenesis and granulation formation of newly generated cells by performing immunostaining for PCNA and several phenotype markers including CD-31, α-SMA, and collagen type I. PCNA-positive cells were counted at the edge of the wound at 7 days after wound model. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:464586. doi: 10.1155/2012/464586. Epub 2012 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23304201 | Cell proliferation was measured by immunostaining using anti-PCNA antibody. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:464586. doi: 10.1155/2012/464586. Epub 2012 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206406 | Behavioral testing, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy were used to explore the effect of these electroacupuncture frequencies used on maintaining the structural integrity of ischemic brain tissue. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Apr 25;8(12):1122-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.12.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206406 | Effect of electroacupuncture on glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in brain tissue of ischemic rats (immunostaining, light microscopy, Ã 400). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Apr 25;8(12):1122-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.12.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206406 | After rats were subjected to electroacupuncture intervention at 15 and 30 Hz frequencies, glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity was observed in the cortex of the parietal lobe on the infarct side (coronal place at 3 mm posterior to bregma, sagittal plane at parietal cortex 4.5 mm lateral to the midline), with enlarged cell bodies and thickening fibers (Figure 1). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Apr 25;8(12):1122-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.12.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206406 | Immunoreactive cells were significantly different in the model group (focal ischemia). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Apr 25;8(12):1122-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.12.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206406 | Immunohistochemical staining: Rats were fixed using cardiac perfusion under intraperitoneal anesthesia 5 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion and treatment (six rats were randomly selected in each group). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Apr 25;8(12):1122-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.12.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206406 | Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression was detected immunohistochemically using a SABC kit (Wuhan Boster, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Apr 25;8(12):1122-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.12.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34630618 | Toll-1ike receptor 4 (TLR4) also plays an important role in inflammation as a transmembrane protein receptor that mediates innate immunity, which is associated with host cell recognition of various microbial pathogenic agents. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 1;2021:7992688. doi: 10.1155/2021/7992688. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34630618 | Acupuncture has been reported to play a regulatory role in the neuro-endocrine-immune network under stress. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 1;2021:7992688. doi: 10.1155/2021/7992688. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 34630618 | Mechanistically, acupuncture clears the meridians, regulates qi and the mind by stimulating the acupoints, and modulates the release of neurotransmitters and hormones in the neuro-endocrine-immune system. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 1;2021:7992688. doi: 10.1155/2021/7992688. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 34630618 | STAT3 is considered one of the possible substrates of MAPK, which is the common pathway of intracellular signal transmission among different inflammatory cells and various inflammatory mediators and is involved in various biological reactions such as immune response and cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 1;2021:7992688. doi: 10.1155/2021/7992688. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34630618 | A recent study has confirmed that immune inflammatory response is involved in the occurrence and development of cognitive dysfunction. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 1;2021:7992688. doi: 10.1155/2021/7992688. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Cognitive Function | Mechanism |
| 34630618 | NF-κB is a protein complex widely involved in biological processes such as inflammation, apoptosis, immune response, and cell growth and development. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 1;2021:7992688. doi: 10.1155/2021/7992688. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27978835 | Several lines of evidence demonstrated that the short-term effect of a single session of acupuncture stimulation differs from the cumulative effect of multiple sessions of acupuncture stimulation, which may depend on the differential modulation of immunologic factors and neurotrophic signaling molecules. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Dec 15;16(1):517. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1508-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27978835 | Our previous study demonstrated that in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain rats, the cumulative analgesic effect of repeated EA stimulation of Zusanli (ST36)-Yanglingquan (GB34) is closely associated with its effects in upregulating the decreased hippocampal synaptophysin immunoreactivity and improving synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Dec 15;16(1):517. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1508-z. | Analgesic Effect Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Mechanism |
| 27978835 | Immunoreactive bands were then revealed by enhanced chemiluminescence (Amersham Biosciences UK Limited, Buckinghamshire, England) using standard x-ray film (Eastern Kodak Co., Rochester, NY, USA). | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Dec 15;16(1):517. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1508-z. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36440366 | Immunofluorescence | Biomed Res Int. 2022 Nov 14;2022:3470685. doi: 10.1155/2022/3470685. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36440366 | P-S6/SYN double-labeled immunofluorescence staining was the same as above. | Biomed Res Int. 2022 Nov 14;2022:3470685. doi: 10.1155/2022/3470685. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36440366 | Immunofluorescence of Spinal Cord CST | Biomed Res Int. 2022 Nov 14;2022:3470685. doi: 10.1155/2022/3470685. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36440366 | For BDA/p-S6; BDA/SYN double-labeled immunofluorescence staining, we sectioned in the same manner. | Biomed Res Int. 2022 Nov 14;2022:3470685. doi: 10.1155/2022/3470685. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36440366 | To further confirm the relationship between neuroplasticity-related proteins and the mTOR pathway, we detected the expression of SYN and p-S6 by immunofluorescence (Figures 3(a) and 4(a)). | Biomed Res Int. 2022 Nov 14;2022:3470685. doi: 10.1155/2022/3470685. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36440366 | Double immunofluorescence showed that p-S6 was present around SYN in the healthy cerebral cortex; these markers were even found to be coexpressed. | Biomed Res Int. 2022 Nov 14;2022:3470685. doi: 10.1155/2022/3470685. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36440366 | We then examined BDA labeling in each group by immunofluorescence (Figure 7(d)); as shown in Figure 7(e), BDA positive expression was significantly increased in the EA compared to the p-MCAO group (p < 0.01), while rapamycin reversed the EA group changes. | Biomed Res Int. 2022 Nov 14;2022:3470685. doi: 10.1155/2022/3470685. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36440366 | In addition, further detection by p-S6+/SYN+ double-labeled immunofluorescence assays showed that EA significantly increased the colocalized expression of p-S6 and SYN in the cerebral cortex after ischemic stroke, suggesting that EA activation of the neuroplasticity-related protein SYN may be related to the mTOR signaling pathway. | Biomed Res Int. 2022 Nov 14;2022:3470685. doi: 10.1155/2022/3470685. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31447579 | Phospho-p38 MAPK nuclear translocation in spinal dorsal horn was examined using immunohistochemical staining and confocal microscopy. | J Pain Res. 2019 Aug 1;12:2419-2426. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210196. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31447579 | The bound antibodies were detected by incubation with Cy3 conjugated donkey anti-rabbit antibody (Jackson ImmunoResearch) and counterstained with DAPI (Thermo Fisher Scientific) to detect the nulei. | J Pain Res. 2019 Aug 1;12:2419-2426. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210196. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31447579 | (A) Expression of phospho- and total-p38 MAPK using Western immunoblotting of the spinal cord of untreated controls (Non/Moderate-responders untreated), EA-only treated (Non/Moderate-responders + EA), netupitant-only treated (Non/Moderate-responders + Netupitant), and EA plus netupitant (Non/Moderate -responders + EA + Netupitant), as well as pre-screened high-responders without additional treatment (High-responders untreated). | J Pain Res. 2019 Aug 1;12:2419-2426. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210196. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31447579 | (C) Images show co-expression of phospho-p38 MAPK-immunoreactive (ir, red) and cell nuclei (DAPI, cyan) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. | J Pain Res. 2019 Aug 1;12:2419-2426. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210196. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31447579 | Abbreviations: EA, electroacupuncture; ir, immunoreactivity; N, netupitant; Mod, moderate-responders; Non, non-responders; High, high-responders; Phospho, phosphorylation; UT, untreated. | J Pain Res. 2019 Aug 1;12:2419-2426. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210196. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31447579 | We observed a significantly high co-localization of phospho-p38 MAPK immunoreactivity in the nulei of non-responders (red and white dots indicated by yellow arrows in the cyan nuclei) compared to high- responders (Figure 3C, D). | J Pain Res. 2019 Aug 1;12:2419-2426. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210196. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31447579 | High-responders did not show significant p38 MAPK phosphorylation upon Western blotting (Figure 3A and B) or upon immunofluorescent co-localization in the cytoplasm and/or nuclear translocation (Figure 3C, D). | J Pain Res. 2019 Aug 1;12:2419-2426. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210196. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34472483 | Changes in blood vessels, neurons and glial cells associated with microinfarcts were examined using fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Apr;17(4):832-837. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.322470. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34472483 | Fluorescent histochemistry and immunohistochemistry were carried out to analyze the multicellular changes associated with the ensuing microinfarcts. | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Apr;17(4):832-837. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.322470. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34472483 | Fluorescent histochemical and immunohistochemical examinations | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Apr;17(4):832-837. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.322470. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34472483 | In phalloidin + CD31, Nissl staining + caspase 3, and GFAP + Iba1 + DAPI examinations, the sections were incubated in blocking solution containing 3% normal donkey serum (Cat# 017-000-121, Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA, USA) and 1% Triton X-100 in 0.1 M PB (pH 7.4) for 0.5 hours at room temperature. | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Apr;17(4):832-837. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.322470. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34472483 | Instead, fluorescent histochemical or fluorescent immunohistochemical staining is recommended. | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Apr;17(4):832-837. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.322470. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34472483 | In contrast to astrocytes, microglia as the resident immune cells can also actively respond to the ischemic injury (Hanisch and Kettenmann, 2007; Kettenmann et al., 2011; Tremblay et al., 2011). | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Apr;17(4):832-837. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.322470. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31217804 | Immunofluorescence and Image Analysis | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 May 14;2019:9512875. doi: 10.1155/2019/9512875. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31217804 | Following this, the cranial dura mater was carefully removed and processed as a whole mount for staining with an indirect immunofluorescence technique using a goat anti-CGRP antibody (ab36001, 1:100, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and a rabbit anti-VIP antibody (ab22736, 1:400, Abcam) for 2 days. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 May 14;2019:9512875. doi: 10.1155/2019/9512875. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31217804 | Rabbit anti-goat or goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG; 1:200) labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (RAG001, 1:200, MultiSciences Biotech Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China) or Alexa 488 (A0432, 1:200, Beyotime Biotech Inc., Shanghai, China) was used as the secondary antibody for 4 h at 22°C. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 May 14;2019:9512875. doi: 10.1155/2019/9512875. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31217804 | Plasma concentrations of SP, CGRP, PACAP, VIP, NPY, NO, and ET-1 were measured using rat-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (R&D, USA; Spibio, USA; Raybio, USA; Aviva Systems Biology, USA), in accordance with the manufacturer instructions. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 May 14;2019:9512875. doi: 10.1155/2019/9512875. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31217804 | To investigate the effects of EA on hyperalgesia, we performed immunofluorescence analyses and western blotting to examine the number of c-Fos-positive cells and levels of c-Fos protein in the TG (Figure 3). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 May 14;2019:9512875. doi: 10.1155/2019/9512875. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31217804 | To determine whether EA influences the expression of vasoactive neurotransmitters in the dura mater, we performed immunofluorescence analyses of CGRP and VIP expression. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 May 14;2019:9512875. doi: 10.1155/2019/9512875. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26623337 | Also the neuropeptides involvement in these cases after acupuncture must be investigated with immunohistochemical studies or serum detection and bone metabolism markers (Hayashi et al., 2008). | Open Vet J. 2014;4(1):44-50. Epub 2014 Apr 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26623337 | The immunohistochemical demonstration of nerve fibers in the vicinity of bone tissue raises the possibility that neuropeptides may directly or indirectly modulate the activity of bone cells in physiological and pathological conditions, in line with the view of neuroendocrine and neuro immune interactions. | Open Vet J. 2014;4(1):44-50. Epub 2014 Apr 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30151295 | The expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the hippocampus were determined by using western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses. | J Pharmacopuncture. 2017 Dec;20(4):257-264. doi: 10.3831/KPI.2017.20.031. Epub 2017 Sep 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30151295 | The signals were visualized using a chemiluminescent kit (Pierce Biotechnology, IL, US), and the immunoreactive bands were captured and quantified using Davinch-Chemi (Celltagen, Korea). | J Pharmacopuncture. 2017 Dec;20(4):257-264. doi: 10.3831/KPI.2017.20.031. Epub 2017 Sep 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30151295 | The immunoreactivity of GFAP in the CA3 region of the hippocampus is shown in Fig. | J Pharmacopuncture. 2017 Dec;20(4):257-264. doi: 10.3831/KPI.2017.20.031. Epub 2017 Sep 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30151295 | Slides from the control mice displayed moderate GFAP immunostaining in the CA3 region of the hippocampus (Figs. | J Pharmacopuncture. 2017 Dec;20(4):257-264. doi: 10.3831/KPI.2017.20.031. Epub 2017 Sep 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30151295 | 6A and 6D) whereas slides from the stressed mice treated only with distilled water revealed lowered immunostaining (Figs. | J Pharmacopuncture. 2017 Dec;20(4):257-264. doi: 10.3831/KPI.2017.20.031. Epub 2017 Sep 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30151295 | Notably, slides from stressed mice treated with scolopendra pharmacopuncture also displayed a moderate level of GFAP immunostaining, resembling that seen in the slides of the control mice, in the CA3 region of the hippocampus (Figs. | J Pharmacopuncture. 2017 Dec;20(4):257-264. doi: 10.3831/KPI.2017.20.031. Epub 2017 Sep 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30151295 | For example, a significant decrease in the density of GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes was reported in the left hippocampus of patients with untreated major depressive disorder. | J Pharmacopuncture. 2017 Dec;20(4):257-264. doi: 10.3831/KPI.2017.20.031. Epub 2017 Sep 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30151295 | Images are shown for GFAP immunostaining in the CA3 region of the hippocampus of a mouse in (A and D) the control group, (B and E) the CIS + distilled water group, and (C and F) the scolopendra pharmacopuncture group. | J Pharmacopuncture. 2017 Dec;20(4):257-264. doi: 10.3831/KPI.2017.20.031. Epub 2017 Sep 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34472492 | Urine cotinine levels (a long-term metabolite of nicotine (Gaalema et al., 2011)) were measured by immunochromatography (NicAlert, Knoxville, TN, USA; urine samples with NicAlert®) to monitor nicotine levels. | Neural Regen Res. 2022 Apr;17(4):905-910. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.322477. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24803946 | IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α band on the immunoblots were visualized using the enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL kit, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:431580. doi: 10.1155/2014/431580. Epub 2014 Apr 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24803946 | In addition, the three different modalities of treatment suppressed immunoreactivity and expression of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 after SCI, which suggested an anti-inflammatory effect. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:431580. doi: 10.1155/2014/431580. Epub 2014 Apr 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672928 | The warm needling therapy is one of most common methods for the treatment of insomnia in Mongolian medicine as it functions in warming and smoothing meridians, regulating qi and blood, regulating voxels, enhancing immunity, and preventing and treating diseases. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):289-297. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4452. Epub 2017 May 11. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 28672928 | The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (BioSino Bio-Technology and Science Inc., Beijing, China) was used to detect the levels of the interleukins of IL-1, IL-2, and IL-6 and the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at the above sites. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):289-297. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4452. Epub 2017 May 11. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672928 | In the Mongolian medicine, it is believed that the warm needling therapy can dredge the meridians, regulate qi and blood, voxel, and strengthen the immunity. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):289-297. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4452. Epub 2017 May 11. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672928 | Modern research demonstrates that acupuncture plays a role in regulating neurohumor, strengthening and activating the anti-disease ability, and improving the immunity of the organism. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):289-297. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4452. Epub 2017 May 11. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672928 | Mongolian medical warm acupuncture integrates acupuncture effect, hyperthermia, and acupoint specific stimulation and achieves organism regulation and disease treatment via the complex multi-system, multi-channel, and multi-path mechanism relevant to blood circulation, nervous system and immune function. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):289-297. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4452. Epub 2017 May 11. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 23970931 | Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:436315. doi: 10.1155/2013/436315. Epub 2013 Jul 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | To examine the molecular mechanisms underlying EA effects, western blots, immunohistochemistry, and micro-positron emission tomography scans were performed. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | The immunoblots were visualized using a ChemiDoc Imaging System device (Bio-Rad) and quantified using ImageJ (version 1.46j; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | For immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence studies, mice were perfused with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and their brains were removed. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence studies were conducted as previously described. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | For Aβ immunohistochemistry staining, the slices were deparaffinized in xylene, rehydrated in graded alcohol solutions, and washed again in PBS. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | For double immunofluorescence staining, brain slices were incubated in formic acid for antigen retrieval and blocked in 5% bovine serum albumin. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | NOR novel object recognition test, Acu acupuncture treatment, IHC immunohistochemistry, WB western blot, TEM transmission electron microscopy. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | c Representative immunoreactive bands showing the expression of oxidation-related proteins (HO-1, transferrin, and Bax) in the prefrontal cortex. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | b Representative images of immunoblots displaying increased synaptic marker protein levels (synaptophysin and PSD-95) after EA treatment in 5XFAD mice. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | d Representative images showing anti-Aβ (4G8) immunostaining in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus region of 5XFAD mice. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31836020 | e Representative images of immunofluorescence staining using anti-Aβ (4G8) (green) and anti-CD68 (red) in the prefrontal cortex region of 5XFAD mice. | J Neuroinflammation. 2019 Dec 13;16(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1665-3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | It is characterized by epidermal hyperplasia, dilated and prominent blood vessels in the dermis, and cutaneous immune cell infiltration, including T cells, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | The binding to their receptors induces the signaling and activation of the immune and nervous systems. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | This triggers the interaction between skin cells, immune cells, and skin nerve fibers. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | Histology, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were performed as follows: Tissue sections were stained with anti-Rabbit CD3 (1:100, Abcam, USA), anti-Rabbit CD4 (1:1000, Abcam, USA), anti-CD8 antibody (1:2000, Abcam, USA), anti-SP antibody (1:500, Abcam, USA) and Ki-67 (1:400 dilution; Abcam, Cat. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | PVDF membranes were blocked in 5% skim milk for 1 h at room temperature and then incubated with primary antibodies against GAPDH (1:5,000, ImmunoWay Biotechnology Company, USA), SP (1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, USA); or NK1R (1:2000, Cell Signaling Technology, USA) overnight at 4 °C. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | Membranes were then washed with Tween 20 wash buffer and then incubated with secondary anti-rabbit IgG (HÂ +Â L) (111-035-003, Jackson Immuno Research Laboratories, West Grove, PA, USA; 1:10,000) or goat anti-mouse IgG (HÂ +Â L) (115-035-003, Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories; 1:10,000) at room temperature for 1Â h. Immunofluorescence was measured using an Odyssey infrared imaging system (LI-COR Biosciences, Lincoln, NE, USA). | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | Immunohistochemistry staining showed an increase in the infiltration of CD3+/CD4+/CD8+ T cells was observed in IMQ-induced lesions but was reduced in the MTX, and EA treated groups (Fig. 3B-D and 3F-H). | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | (A) Immunofluorescence staining of SP. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | (B) Representative immunoblots of SP and NK1R by western blot. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | It participates in neural activity, immune regulation, and inflammatory response. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | Immunofluorescence staining showed that the expression of SP in the dermis was higher compared to mice in the IMQ group and was reduced in the EA group (Fig. 5A). | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that EA reduced CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cell numbers in skin lesions. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | It has been demonstrated that the number of substance P and NK1R immunoreactive cells were more involved than non-involved psoriatic skin17. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | In addition, it is secreted by a variety of cells of the immune system. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38223807 | In the present study, we demonstrated by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assays, that expression levels of SP were higher in IMQ - induced psoriatic lesions. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jul 20;14(1):91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.07.005. eCollection 2024 Jan. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34675986 | The proportion of C-fiber neurons (calcitonin gene-related peptide- (CGRP-) positive neurons) and A-fiber neurons (neurofilament 200- (NF200-) positive neurons) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) activated by MA were quantitatively analyzed with the morphological immunofluorescence staining method. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 12;2021:5528780. doi: 10.1155/2021/5528780. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34675986 | The proportion of C-fiber neurons (CGRP-positive neurons) and A-fiber neurons (NF200-positive neurons) in the DRG activated (colabeled with C-FOS) by MA were quantitatively analyzed with the morphological immunofluorescence staining method to ascertain the activated DRG neurons influenced by different frequencies of MA. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 12;2021:5528780. doi: 10.1155/2021/5528780. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34675986 | Immunofluorescence Staining | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 12;2021:5528780. doi: 10.1155/2021/5528780. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37066940 | (B) Hippocampal tissue lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-PTEN antibody or control immunoglobulin G (IgG), followed by a coimmunoprecipitation assay to detect the interaction between PTEN and WWP2 as well as the level of PTEN ubiquitination ( 3). | Technol Health Care. 2023;31(S1):409-421. doi: 10.3233/THC-236035. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206746 | In the model group, we demonstrated decreased expression of genes related to transcription/translation, neurotransmission/signal transduction, inflammation/the immune system, metabolism, enzymatic reactions, metabolism, and protein biosynthesis. | Neural Regen Res. 2014 Jan 1;9(1):76-83. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.125333. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206746 | The upregulated genes in the model group/normal control group and the downregulated genes in the electroacupuncture group/model group are related to inflammation/immunity and neurotransmission/signal transduction. | Neural Regen Res. 2014 Jan 1;9(1):76-83. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.125333. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206746 | In the model group, the upregulated genes are related to inflammation/immunity and oxidative stress, and therefore the model rats would be expected to exhibit increased inflammation/immunity, oxidative stress, injury responses, and clotting. | Neural Regen Res. 2014 Jan 1;9(1):76-83. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.125333. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22550540 | Behavioral responses were recorded using a video camera and c-Fos immunohistochemistry was performed thereafter. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:324039. doi: 10.1155/2012/324039. Epub 2012 Apr 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22550540 | One of the methods used to measure pain and analgesia in animal experiments is the immunohistochemical detection of the c-Fos protein encoded by c-fos, an oncogene. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:324039. doi: 10.1155/2012/324039. Epub 2012 Apr 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22550540 | In order to determine the effects of electroacupuncture on formalin-induced pain, a behavioral test and c-Fos immunohistochemical study were conducted. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:324039. doi: 10.1155/2012/324039. Epub 2012 Apr 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22550540 | After video-recording, the rats were immediately subjected to c-Fos immunostaining. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:324039. doi: 10.1155/2012/324039. Epub 2012 Apr 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22550540 | 2.4. c-Fos Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:324039. doi: 10.1155/2012/324039. Epub 2012 Apr 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22550540 | Normal rats as well as the three groups of rats above were used for c-Fos immunohistochemical study in order to observe changes in c-Fos immunoreactivity by comparing the experimental groups with normal rats. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:324039. doi: 10.1155/2012/324039. Epub 2012 Apr 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22550540 | The number of the c-Fos positive neurons was obtained by calculating the mean number of neurons in 4 slices out of the 16 slices that went through the immunohistochemical procedure. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:324039. doi: 10.1155/2012/324039. Epub 2012 Apr 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22550540 | 3.2. c-Fos Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:324039. doi: 10.1155/2012/324039. Epub 2012 Apr 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22550540 | In order to compare the level of c-Fos immunoreactivity in the Formalin group Group 1 with pain-free animals, a normal naïve animal group Group 0 was added to this study. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:324039. doi: 10.1155/2012/324039. Epub 2012 Apr 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27313641 | The proliferation and differentiation of NSCs in TBI rats were analyzed using immunofluorescence microscopy. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:2047412. doi: 10.1155/2016/2047412. Epub 2016 May 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27313641 | The reagents used in this study included a hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); a mouse anti-nestin antibody (Chemicon International Inc., Temecula, CA, USA); a mouse anti-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) antibody, a rabbit anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody, a rabbit anti-microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) antibody, a rabbit anti-S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) antibody, and a rabbit anti-galactocerebroside (Galc) antibody (Cell Signaling, Beverly, MA, USA); a conjugated goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) (MultiSciences, Hangzhou, China); a conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Cell Signaling, Beverly, MA, USA); and BrdU (Sigma-Aldrich, St. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:2047412. doi: 10.1155/2016/2047412. Epub 2016 May 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27313641 | Immunofluorescence Assay | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:2047412. doi: 10.1155/2016/2047412. Epub 2016 May 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27313641 | Immunofluorescence Staining | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:2047412. doi: 10.1155/2016/2047412. Epub 2016 May 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27313641 | In the present study, we observed changes in the proliferation and differentiation of renewing cells using immunofluorescence double staining with a monoclonal anti-BrdU antibody and antibodies directed against other NSC-specific proteins. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:2047412. doi: 10.1155/2016/2047412. Epub 2016 May 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27313641 | Injured or dead cells and tissues are devoured and cleared through immune processes, and the injured lesion site is enwrapped via glial cell hypertrophy and proliferation to form a glial scar. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:2047412. doi: 10.1155/2016/2047412. Epub 2016 May 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27313641 | Nestin immunofluorescence staining of cells in rat brain tissue after traumatic brain injury (Ã200). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:2047412. doi: 10.1155/2016/2047412. Epub 2016 May 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36636219 | Although previous studies have described the mechanisms by which acupuncture regulates immune cytokine production, oxidative defense systems, and neurotransmitters, insomnia involves a variety of complex mechanisms, and further research is needed to improve the acupuncture-insomnia regulatory system. | Heliyon. 2022 Dec 22;8(12):e12574. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12574. eCollection 2022 Dec. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 36636219 | Antibodies against Bcl-2 (1:1000), Bax (1:1000), Bad (1:1000), Caspase-3 (1:1000), TrKB (1:1000), p-TrKB (1:1000), PI3K (1:1000), Akt (1:1000), p-Akt (1:1000), cAMP (1:1000), CREB (1:1000), BDNF (1:1000) and GAPDH (1:1000) were added and incubated at room temperature for 1 h. After washing the membrane, goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) (1:20,000) was added and incubated for 1 h at room temperature. | Heliyon. 2022 Dec 22;8(12):e12574. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12574. eCollection 2022 Dec. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36636219 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Heliyon. 2022 Dec 22;8(12):e12574. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12574. eCollection 2022 Dec. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36636219 | Some immune function indicators respond to insomnia and damage immune function. | Heliyon. 2022 Dec 22;8(12):e12574. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12574. eCollection 2022 Dec. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 25206697 | Exogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor infusion in the corpus striatum decreased the apoptotic rate of dopaminergic neurons, increased tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive axons and synapse blebbing processes, increased the number, volume and process length of dopaminergic neurons and the ability to reuptake dopamine. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Feb 25;8(6):540-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.06.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206697 | Our previous studies demonstrated that electroacupuncture therapy could enhance the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor TrkB and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor Ret, in the substantia nigra of rat models of Parkinson's disease induced by 6-hydroxydopamine, as determined by immunohistochemistry. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Feb 25;8(6):540-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.06.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30872987 | Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) Staining and Immunohistochemical Staining of PGP9.5 Expression in the Skin of Type I Collagenase-Treated Rats | Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 20;13:110. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30872987 | The skin samples were subjected to H&E staining or immunohistochemistry for PGP9.5. | Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 20;13:110. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30872987 | For immunohistochemistry of PGP9.5, the sections were incubated with anti-PGP9.5 mouse monoclonal antibodies (1:1000; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), followed by incubation with a biotinylated donkey anti-mouse Alexa Fluor 488 (1:200; Invitrogen, USA). | Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 20;13:110. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30872987 | To identify whether collagenase causes morphological damage of connective tissue or peripheral nerve in the acupoints, the skin over acupoints was evaluated through histological or immunohistochemical methods. | Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 20;13:110. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30872987 | On the other hand, in a quantitative immunohistochemical analysis for PGP 9.5, a marker for nerve fibers (Beiswenger et al.,), the morphological changes of the peripheral nerve were not observed in collagenase-treated skin compared to the normal group (Figures 5C,D). | Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 20;13:110. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30872987 | Histological or immunohistochemical examination of collagenase-injected acupoints. | Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 20;13:110. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30872987 | (C,D) Immunohistochemistry for PGP9.5, a neuronal marker, in normal or collagenase-treated acupoints (C). | Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 20;13:110. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | Gene ontology (GO) annotation indicated that the up-regulated genes in the hypothalamus of the Stat5NKO mice were mainly expressed in the extracellular region, basement membrane, plasma lipoprotein particle, and cytosol (Fig 2A); and these genes were significantly enriched in 140 biological processes, which were functionally clustered to extracellular matrix organization, response to hormone and insulin stimulus, lipid and saccharide metabolic process, fat cell differentiation, and positive regulation of adaptive and innate immune responses. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | From the above analysis, we observed that a large number of genes and functional pathways involved in lipid metabolism, adipogenesis, insulin signaling, and immune system were dependent on the STAT5 molecule in the CNS. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | tight junction, CAMs, and adheren junctions), immune response (e.g. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | Moreover, immune function related pathways were also regulated by EA, such as complement and coagulation cascades, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and systemic lupus erythematosus. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | Among these genes (Fig 4E), FPKM values of 7 genes, which are associated with immune system and the response to hormone (AY761185, Cst11, Defb20, Defb28, Defb48, Lcn8, Lcn9) were decreased to zero by the deletion of central Stat5, whereas EA treatment reversed their expression levels, and the other 13 genes, such as Gpx5, 9230104L09Rik, Cst12, and Defb25, appeared in the top 40 down-regulated gene list of the Stat5NKO mice (S7 Table). | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | Functional analysis showed that central STAT5 signal-dependent obesity was ascribed to abnormal expressions of multiple genes involved in lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, energy homeostasis, and immunity response. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | Besides the imbalance of substance metabolism, immune system was also reported to be closely associated with the development of obesity. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | A few studies have suggested that immune cells regulate metabolic homeostasis and are dysregulated in obesity, and that obesity-induced multi-organ chronic low-grade inflammation is recognized as a major cause of insulin resistance. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | In this study, the immune pathway activities were widely detected. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | These regulatory effects of acupuncture on immune balance were similar to the results from other study findings. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | Meanwhile, UCP1 expression was increased notably, indicating that the immune cells also contributed to the effect of acupuncture on the browning of white adipose tissue. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28806763 | Our results suggest that acupuncture is an effective approach for treating obesity by directly reducing central pro-adipogenesis signals and regulating abnormal lipid, glucose metabolism, and immune function to maintain homeostasis of energy intake and expenditure. | PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | To distinguish the afferent role of the peripheral nervous system, phosphoinositide-interacting regulator of transient receptor potential channels (Pirt)-GCaMP3 (genetically encoded calcium sensor) mice were treated with EA directed at hind limb immune points, ST-36 and Liv-3 and resulted in a rapid activation of primary sensory neurons. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Our studies provides strong support for the use of electro acupuncture at specific immune points to stimulate mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and macrophage release into peripheral blood through hypothalamic and sympathetic nervous system activation (SNS). | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | We show using MRI and direct neurostimulation studies that EA at specific immune points results in SNS activation and the metabolically beneficial response of browning of white adipose fat. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | In this study, we sought to understand the central and peripheral nervous system response to EA using two sets of points (1: LI-4, LI-11, Du-14 and Du-20; 2:ST36 and Liv-3, Supplementary Figure S1) associated with successful treatment of arthritis and asthma and with modulation of immunity. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Following 14 days of EA (every other day) in rats, UCP1 immunofluorescence of inguinal subcutaneous WAT was increased (Figure 4 A), indicating a greater number of brown adipocytes, compared to control (sham EA) (Figure 4 B). | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Treatments included EA (i.e., applied to immune acupoints LI-4, LI-11, Du-14 and Du-20), sham EA (i.e., applied to skin not associated with an acupoint) or EA plus propranolol (i.e., potential inhibitor for sympathetic effects of EA). | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Using sham EA applied to non-immune acupoints or EA plus propranolol, nociceptive behavior elicited by von Frey mechanical stimulation did not change over the time course in the hind paw ipsilateral to the injury (Supplementary Figure S3). | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | EA performed over immune points in Pirt-GCaMP3 mice rapidly activates primary sensory neurons | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Immune acupoints are present on both the front and hind limbs of mice and are differentially utilized based on their ease of access in the particular species undergoing EA. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | EA at immune points in the forelimbs preferentially mobilizes MSC whereas EA of immune points in the hind limb mobilizes macrophages into the circulation | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | We examined the forelimb (LI-4, LI-11 and GV-14 and GV-20) and hind limb immune (ST36, Liv-3 and GV-14 and GV-20) in horses. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Blood collected at 2 and 4 h post EA using mock acupoints approximately 1 cm from the immune points in the same horses did not give rise to colonies in vitro. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Therefore, we next asked whether TENS performed with adhesive electrodes versus EA placed at immune acupoints LI-4, LI-11 and GV-14 and GV-20 would result in similar MSC mobilization. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | In this study, we make the highly novel observation that EA at immune points releases key populations in the peripheral blood (MSC and macrophages) that can modulate physiological responses to injury. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Depending on the set of immune points utilized the reparative population released varies. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Similar responses to those observed with forelimb immune points were observed with injections of either epinephrine or dopamine and with pharmacological disinhibition of the tuberal hypothalamus with the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline methiodide in rats. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | There has been increasing interest and evidence supporting the role of the SNS as a regulator of immune cell release, as appropriate activation and signaling is necessary to mobilize these cells into the blood stream. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | EA-induced mobilization of circulating MSC may have served to directly or indirectly modulate anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties in vivo, as we show by the increase in serum IL-10 levels and the observed reduced mechanical hyperalgesia. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Our studies provide strong support for the use of EA at specific immune points to stimulate MSC and macrophage release into peripheral blood through hypothalamic and SNS activation. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | A, B) UCP1 immunofluorescence (red) detectable in inguinal subcutaneous adipose tissue (blue: adipocytes nuclei) from animals that underwent EA treatment (A) but not in control (B). | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28299842 | Equine peripheral blood MNC showed an increased colony-forming ability 2 h (p<0.05) post administration of EA at immune points (n=7), while cells obtained from the same horses when they underwent mock treatment or treatment at metabolic points did not. | Stem Cells. 2017 May;35(5):1303-1315. doi: 10.1002/stem.2613. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | After sacrifice, the dura mater was analyzed using immunofluorescence. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | Serum calcitonin gene-related peptide, cyclooxygenase-2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of acupuncture. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | In the context of inflammation, CGRP released from primary sensory nerve terminals could activate peripheral target cells, such as mast cells, immune cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, producing pro-inflammatory mediators. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | We then evaluated mechanical hyperalgesia using an electronic von Frey esthesiometer; analyzed dural immune cells using immunofluorescence; and measured CGRP, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα levels in jugular vein blood using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of acupuncture in a model of migraine. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | Immediately after perfusion-fixation, the specimens were further fixed in paraformaldehyde for 1 to 3Â hrs and washed in PBS pH 7.2 containing 0.3% Triton X-100 (PBST) prior to immunohistochemistry. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | Immunohistochemistry | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | For the analysis of immunofluorescence (IF) results, images at 40Ã magnification of the dura mater were randomly selected using a microscope. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | EA Alleviated Immunohistochemistry of Mast Cell and Macrophage (Figure 4, 5) | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | To observe dural mast cells (Figure 4) and macrophages after dural stimulation (Figure 5), we analyzed immunofluorescence for tryptase and CD163 to measure mast cell and macrophage levels, respectively. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | The emergence of inflammation is the result of interactions between immune cells, meningeal afferents, and the dural vasculature. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | Neuropeptides released from sensory nerve endings contribute to vasodilation, plasma protein extravasation (PPE), and activation of immune cell traffic. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | Neuropeptides from nerve terminals and inflammatory factors released from these immune cells were evaluated in jugular vein blood. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | In this study, we observed that EA significantly decreased the number of immune cells. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | In the peripheral trigeminovascular system, release of CGRP is involved in the activation of meningeal nociceptors and in the formation of inflammation by dilating intracranial arteries, triggering the release of pro-inflammatory substances from mast cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32021397 | These mediators are released primarily by resident and infiltrating immune cells, contributing to the activation and sensitization of nociceptors. | J Pain Res. 2020 Jan 13;13:75-86. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S225431. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26064171 | It also activates neurohumoral factors and immunocompetent systems and regulates the endocrine system. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:687196. doi: 10.1155/2015/687196. Epub 2015 May 3. | Immunity Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 25206545 | The acupoints Zusanli (ST36) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) are often used to modulate neural functions and to enhance the immune system, resulting in alleviation of pain and improvement of neurological disorders. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Sep 5;8(25):2350-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.25.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32082125 | The serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and iNOS were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;13:78. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00078. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32082125 | Studies have shown that Mongolian WA can regulate the neuroendocrine and immune system (Huo,; Agula and Chen,; Chen et al.,). | Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;13:78. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00078. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32082125 | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) | Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;13:78. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00078. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32082125 | (A) Representative immunoblots of iNOS and β-actin. | Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;13:78. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00078. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32082125 | While the pathophysiology of exercise-induced fatigue remains unclear, a growing body of literature has showed that the uncoordinated activation of the immune system such as inflammation might be a causative factor (Lu et al.,). | Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;13:78. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00078. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32082125 | Appropriate exercise training induces favorable perturbations in immunity and inflammatory response, as well as a reduction in the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (Lancaster et al.,). | Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;13:78. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00078. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32082125 | Among these cytokines, IL-6 is secreted by macrophage to stimulate the immune response, e.g., fatigue and infection. | Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;13:78. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00078. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32082125 | IFN-γ is a cytokine that is critical for innate and adaptive immunity against viral and intracellular bacterial infections as well as tumor control (Schoenborn and Wilson,). | Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;13:78. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00078. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32082125 | Under normal circumstances, iNOS expression in the brain tissue is rare, and it was increased in pathological conditions such as inflammatory reaction and immune response. | Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;13:78. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00078. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33328963 | Immunohistochemistry | Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Nov 23;12:582904. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.582904. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33328963 | DAB immunolabeled sections were captured using an optical microscope (Nikon DS-Ri2). | Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Nov 23;12:582904. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.582904. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33328963 | White matter tissues were lysed with cold radio immunoprecipitation assay lysis buffer solution (Beyotime, CN) supplemented with a phosphatase inhibitor (Thermo, United States) and protease inhibitor (Thermo, United States). | Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Nov 23;12:582904. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.582904. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33328963 | (A) ROI of corpus callosum for immunohistochemistry (black rectangular box). | Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Nov 23;12:582904. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.582904. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33328963 | (B) Representative and magnification (black rectangular boxes) immunostaining of MBP, Iba-1+, and GFAP+ glia in four groups. | Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Nov 23;12:582904. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.582904. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37128191 | Immunohistochemistry | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37128191 | Immunofluorescence staining | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37128191 | Images of TH-immunohistochemistry (A), quantitative graphs of TH-immunohistochemistry in the SN (B) and striatum (C), representative Western blot immunolabeling of TH in the striatum (D), and quantitative graphs of immunolabeling are presented. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37128191 | Western blotting confirmed TH expression in the striatum, and a similar trend was observed on immunohistochemical examination (Fig. 3D and 3E). | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37128191 | Representative images of BrdU/DCX double-immunofluorescence staining (A), and quantitative graphs of BrdU-positive cells (B) and BrdU/DCX-stained cells (C) are presented. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37128191 | The neurogenesis-promoting effect of EA was evaluated based on the number of BrdU-positive cells and BrdU/DCX double-immunoreactive cells. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37128191 | The number of BrdU/DCX double-immunoreactive cells was significantly lower in the MPTP, MPTP + EA, and MPTP + sham groups than in the control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively), while this number was significantly higher in the MPTP + EA group than in the MPTP group (p < 0.05; Fig. 4A and 4C). | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37128191 | Therefore, BrdU/DCX double-immunoreactive cells are regarded as proliferated immature neuronal cells or neuronal precursors. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37128191 | In the present study, EA at GB34 alleviated the reduction in BrdU-positive and BrdU/DCX double-immunoreactive cells, indicating the EA alleviates the MPTP-induced impairment of neuronal cell proliferation in the SVZ. | J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25558226 | Immunohistochemical staining of anti-serum platelet-derived growth factor demonstrated that the number of total neurons and medium-small sized platelet-derived growth factor positive neurons was significantly decreased on the 7th day following injury. | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Sep 25;7(27):2131-5. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.27.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25558226 | PDGF positive immunoreactive products were present mainly in the cytoplasm, and in the partial fibers, without pronounced satellite cell staining (Figure 1, Table 1). | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Sep 25;7(27):2131-5. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.27.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25558226 | Platelet-derived growth factor in L6 dorsal root ganglion following immunohistochemical staining (Ã 100). | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Sep 25;7(27):2131-5. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.27.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25558226 | Immunohistochemistry for PDGF expression in spared DRG | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Sep 25;7(27):2131-5. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.27.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25558226 | Negative control for immunostaining specificity was performed by replacing the primary antibody with PBS. | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Sep 25;7(27):2131-5. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.27.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25558226 | In order to calculate the average number of immunoreactive cells, photographs of DRG were scanned and projected onto a monitor using an HPIAS21000 image analysis system (Shanghai Qihong Company, Shanghai, China). | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Sep 25;7(27):2131-5. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.27.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25558226 | The number of PDGF immunopositive neurons was then quantified. | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Sep 25;7(27):2131-5. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.27.007. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31775332 | We examined the changes of immunostaining intensity of astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and microglial marker OX42 in SCDH. | Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 25;20(23):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms20235917. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31775332 | Immunofluorescence Staining | Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 25;20(23):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms20235917. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31775332 | Transverse spinal cord sections (25 µm) and longitudinal DRG sections (10 µm) were cut on a frozen microtome (Thermo NX50, MA, USA), mounted on gelatin-coated glass slides as 8 sets of every 5th serial section, and processed for immunofluorescent staining. | Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 25;20(23):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms20235917. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31775332 | Tissues were homogenized in Radio-Immunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer (50 mM Tris (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholate, sodium orthovanadate, 0.1% Sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium fluoride, leupeptin, and 1 nM PMSF). | Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 25;20(23):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms20235917. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31775332 | Subsequently, the immunoblots were incubated with the 2nd antibodies for 2 h at room temperature. | Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 25;20(23):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms20235917. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31775332 | The immunoreactivity was detected using enhanced chemiluminescence (BIO-RAD, USA) and visualized with an Image Quant LAS 4000 (GE, USA). | Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 25;20(23):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms20235917. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31775332 | (A) Representative immunofluorescence images indicating TRPV1 antibody staining of DRG neurons from the control, Pac, Pac + EA, and Pac + sham EA groups. | Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 25;20(23):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms20235917. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31775332 | (B) Summary of the normalized % increase in fluorescence intensity of TRPV1 immunostaining in each observation field. | Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 25;20(23):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms20235917. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37096024 | Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay | Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2023 Apr 18;19:951-972. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S398321. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37096024 | The combined effects of genetic factors, immune disorders, environmental factors and adverse factors during pregnancy, such as exposure to second-hand smoke, certain drugs and adverse emotions are considered to be closely related to the onset of autism. | Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2023 Apr 18;19:951-972. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S398321. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Mood | Mechanism |
| 29623942 | Immunocytochemical staining was used to confirm NSCs differentiation. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):541-548. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228760. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Electroacupuncture and pinaverium bromide therapy both markedly decreased abdominal withdrawal reflex scores in rats with visceral hypersensitivity, and significantly decreased P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity in the colon and spinal cord. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | These data suggest that electroacupuncture treatment can improve visceral hypersensitivity in rats with irritable bowel syndrome by diminishing P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity in the colon and spinal cord. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Electroacupuncture at He-Mu points diminished P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity in the colon of rats with chronic visceral hypersensitivity | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Immunohistochemistry revealed that P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity was increased in the colon of rats with irritable bowel syndrome (P < 0.01). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Compared with the model group, P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity was significantly lower in the electroacupuncture and pinaverium bromide groups (P < 0.01; Figure 2). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | The effect of electroacupuncture at He-Mu points on P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity in the colon of rats with chronic visceral hypersensitivity. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | (A) P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity in the rat colon (Ã 400). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity increased in the model group, but significantly reduced in the electroacupuncture and pinaverium bromide groups. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Arrows show P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | (B) Semiquantitative analysis of P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Electroacupuncture at He-Mu points diminished P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity in spinal cord tissue of rats with chronic visceral hypersensitivity | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Immunohistochemistry revealed that P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity was increased in the spinal cord of rats with irritable bowel syndrome (P < 0.01). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Compared with the model group, P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity was significantly lower in the electroacupuncture and pinaverium bromide groups (P < 0.01; Figure 3). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | The effect of electroacupuncture at He-Mu points on P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity in the spinal cord of rats with chronic visceral hypersensitivity. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | (A) Immunohistochemistry for P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity in the rat spinal cord (Ã 400). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity was increased in the model group, but significantly reduced in the electroacupuncture and pinaverium bromide groups. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Arrows show P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | (B) Semiquantitative analysis of P2X4 receptor immunoreactivity. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Previous studies demonstrated that acupuncture at Tianshu and Shangjuxu produces strong effects on irritable bowel syndrome, and can regulate immune function of the patients. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Sample collection and index detection were performed at the Third-Level Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunity, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the China in 2011. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206515 | Immunohistochemistry for P2X4 receptor expression in rat colon and spinal cord | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Aug 5;8(22):2069-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | The anti-inflammatory mechanism of acupuncture was studied by using the expressions of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway-related proteins were detected by immunofluorescence, western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | As an important transcription factor for apoptosis, immunity, and inflammation, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), as a decisive molecule in muscle atrophy, has been illustrated to be activated in multiple organs of the elderly and aging animals, including aged muscles. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | The anti-inflammatory impact of acupuncture is mediated through the activation of the immune response at acupoints, and evidence indicates expressions of NF-κB are downregulated and miR-146a is upregulated after acupuncture treatment. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | Immunofluorescence assay | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | Immunoglobulins with identical concentrations and specific to different species served as the controls (Beyotime Biotechnology Co. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | Skeletal muscle was homogenized in Radio Immunoprecipitation Assay (RIPA) lysis buffer containing phosphatase and protease inhibitors. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of inflammatory factors in skeletal muscle | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | NF-κB expression in the erector spinae sections of rats was analyzed by immunofluorescence (Figure 5A). | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | (A) The paravertebral muscle of rats in each group was harvested for fluorescent immunohistochemical staining with NF-κB (red) and DAPI (blue), Ã400. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | TNF, tumor necrosis factor; D-gal, D-galactose; A, acupuncture; N, non-acupoint; IL, interleukin; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; DA, D-gal acupuncture. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | As a major mediator implicated in immunological and inflammatory responses, NF-κB content in the muscles of aged men was fourfold greater than that of young men, and the anterior tibialis of aged mice had an abnormal sustained activation of NF-κB DNA binding activity during in vivo studies. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | Notably, acupuncture has been widely shown to attenuate inflammation by downregulating TLR4 and the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), promoting Sirt1 levels which consequently block the receptor activator of NF-κB, and lower downstream serum inflammatory cytokines production Our findings are consistent with previous results that showed the expressions of NF-κB p65 and immune mediators like TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1β in the skeletal muscle of rats were increased by D-gal lactose induction. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | Acupuncture inhibited the activation of these immune mediators and inflammatory factors. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | Immunofluorescence detection showed the expression of nucleus-localized NF-κB decreased significantly after acupuncture, which indicated it may reduce movement and activation of the NF-κB p65 nucleus translocation in aging skeletal muscle tissue. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36819511 | miR-146a has been shown to target molecules in the NF-κB pathway and is upregulated in response to diverse immunological mediators. | Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):47. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6082. Epub 2023 Jan 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | The GABAB1 subunit has been shown to be co-localised to >97% of DRG neurons immunoreactive (IR) for CGRP. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | DRGs from the 40 rats that had undergone PT behavioural testing were kept in 0.1 M PBS containing 30% sucrose at 4°C for subsequent immunofluorescence testing. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | Immunofluorescence assay | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | Control immunostaining was performed by substituting the primary antibody with normal serum. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | Effects of EA on SP and CGRP immunoreactivity | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | Immunofluorescence staining showed that SP- and CGRP-IR positive substances were granular in appearance and distributed throughout the cytoplasm. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | (A) Representative photomicrographs showing immunofluorescent staining of substance P (SP; green) and βIII-tubulin (red); and (B) bar chart demonstrating the percentage of SP-positive neurons; in the C3-6 dorsal root ganglia of eight healthy rats (Normal group) and 32 rats with incisional neck pain that remained untreated (Model group, n=8) or received electroacupuncture at LI18 (n=8), LI4-PC6 (n=8) or ST36-GB34 (n=8). | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | (A) Representative photomicrographs showing immunofluorescent staining of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP; green) and βIII-tubulin (red); and (B) bar chart demonstrating the percentage of CGRP-positive neurons; in the C3-6 dorsal root ganglia of eight healthy rats (Normal group) and 32 rats with incisional neck pain that remained untreated (Model group, n=8) or received electroacupuncture at LI18 (n=8), LI4-PC6 (n=8) or ST36-GB34 (n=8). | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | Effects of EA on GAD67 immunoreactivity | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | (A) Representative photomicrographs showing immunofluorescent staining of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67; green) and βIII-tubulin (red); and (B) bar chart demonstrating the percentage of GAD67-positive neurons; in the C3-6 dorsal root ganglia of eight healthy rats (Normal group) and 32 rats with incisional neck pain that remained untreated (Model group, n=8) or received electroacupuncture at LI18 (n=8), LI4-PC6 (n=8) or ST36-GB34 (n=8). | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28600329 | On the other hand, long-lasting downregulation of GABA tone or the sensitivity of DRG neurons has been confirmed in neuropathic rats and the activation of GABA-mediated inhibitory inputs from sensory neurons could be beneficial in the alleviation of pain, partly through selective inhibition of enhanced SP-like immunoreactivity. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | As a comparable control acupoint, we also performed the stimulation to another acupoint, the TE5 acupoint, on a different (large intestine) meridian, and the triple-energizer channel, which is known to treat immune depression and pain/neuropathy of the arm. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity Depression | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | Immunohistochemistry of Corticotrophin-Releasing Factor (CRF) and Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | For the immunohistochemical procedures, rats were randomly chosen from each of the five experimental group of rats used in the several behavioral tests. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | The sections were immunostained for CRF and TH expression using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | Counting immune-positive cells was performed in at least three different hypothalamus or LC sections per rat brain. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | Effects of Acupuncture Stimulation of SP6 on Morphine-Induced CRF- and TH-Like Immunoreactivities during Protracted Abstinence | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | Following withdrawal from repeated morphine injections, CRF-like immunoreactivity was primarily detected in the cell bodies of various hypothalamic regions, including the paraventricular nucleus (PVN; Figure 9(a)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | In the brains of the MOR group, the number of CRF immunoreactive neurons in the PVN was increased by 222.08%. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | Analysis of the numbers of CRF-immunoreactive neurons values revealed a significant increase in CRF expression in the MOR group compared to the SAL group (P < 0.001; Figure 9(b)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | The number of CRF-immunoreactive neurons was significantly decreased in the hypothalamic PVN region of the MOR-SP group compared to the MOR group (P < 0.01). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | TH-like immunoreactivity was also analyzed in the cell bodies of major noradrenergic regions, including the LC (Figure 9(a)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | In the brains of the MOR group, the number of TH immunoreactive neurons in the LC was decreased by 64.52%. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | Analysis of the numbers of TH-immunoreactive neurons values revealed that rats repeatedly exposed to morphine exhibit a significant decrease of TH expression compared to the SAL group (P < 0.01; Figure 9(c)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | The number of TH-immunoreactive neurons was significantly increased in the central adrenergic regions of the MOR-SP group compared to the MOR group (P < 0.05). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | This finding indicates that the increase in the number of CRF-immunoreactivity and decrease in the number of TH-immunoreactivity induced by withdrawal were significantly restored by acupuncture stimulation to the SP6 acupoint. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | Our results show that acupuncture stimulation significantly blocked the withdrawal-induced increase in CRF immunoreactivity in the PVN, suggesting that the antidepressive effect of acupuncture stimulation is closely associated with CRF modultiaon in the PVN. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | We demonstrated that acupuncture stimulation significantly increased TH-like immunoreactivity in the LC of rats subjected to protracted abstinence following chronic morphine exposure. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24527041 | Furthermore, our study will assess whether acupuncture can also modulate cellular immune functions in the rats. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:216503. doi: 10.1155/2014/216503. Epub 2014 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34405366 | The frequencies of Nrf2, GPX4 and FTH1 positive cells, respectively, were documented with immunohistochemical staining. The results demonstrated that therapy with SA after ICH mitigated MDA and iron sequestration, diminished the appearance of contracted mitochondria with increased outer mitochondrial membrane diameter within the nerve cell bodies, and suppressed neuronal ferroptosis. | J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Jan;72(1):82-96. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01890-y. Epub 2021 Aug 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34405366 | Thus, in light of previous evidence pertaining to acupuncture therapy in ICH, the aim of the current work was to evaluate the impact of SA application on ferroptosis in a murine model of ICH and to elucidate the possible pathways involved using methods including Western blot techniques, immunohistochemical staining, electron microscopy, and commercial assay kits. | J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Jan;72(1):82-96. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01890-y. Epub 2021 Aug 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34405366 | Immunohistochemical Staining | J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Jan;72(1):82-96. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01890-y. Epub 2021 Aug 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34405366 | In order to determine whether SA therapy elevates FTH1 and GPX4 concentrations via nuclear Nrf2 accretion, immunohistochemical techniques were utilised to assay cerebral tissue Nrf2 immunopositivity. | J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Jan;72(1):82-96. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01890-y. Epub 2021 Aug 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34405366 | Concomitantly, the immunopositivity data with respect to GPX4 and FTH1 were in keeping with the changes in the Nrf2 titres (Fig. 5A, C, D). | J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Jan;72(1):82-96. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01890-y. Epub 2021 Aug 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34405366 | Western blotting was used to assay the degree of protein expression of both Nrf2 and the downstream transcripts, GPX4 and FTH1; the results supported the immunopositivity data (Fig. 4B, D-F). | J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Jan;72(1):82-96. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01890-y. Epub 2021 Aug 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34405366 | The heightened nuclear accrual of Nrf2 at the same time point was demonstrated using immunohistochemical techniques. | J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Jan;72(1):82-96. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01890-y. Epub 2021 Aug 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29033603 | Both models were evaluated via paw mechanical withdrawal latency (PMWL), paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (PMWT), nociceptive reflex-induced electromyogram (C-fiber reflex EMG), and dorsal root ganglion immunohistochemistry. | J Pain Res. 2017 Sep 19;10:2271-2280. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S139324. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29033603 | Immunohistochemistry | J Pain Res. 2017 Sep 19;10:2271-2280. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S139324. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29033603 | Our behavior and immunohistochemistry data suggest that the CCIp model may be as good as the CCI model for studying the effects and mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia on chronic neuropathic pain in experimental animals. | J Pain Res. 2017 Sep 19;10:2271-2280. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S139324. eCollection 2017. | Immunity Neuropathic Pain | Mechanism |
| 29033603 | As shown in nociceptive behavior and immunohistochemistry, CCIp was as good as CCI model, whereas C-fiber reflex EMG could not be induced in CCI model due to the damage of myelinated fibers of the sciatic nerve. | J Pain Res. 2017 Sep 19;10:2271-2280. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S139324. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29033603 | CCIp rats exhibited the same pain behavior and immunohistochemistry changes as CCI rats. | J Pain Res. 2017 Sep 19;10:2271-2280. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S139324. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33062027 | GO analysis revealed that they participated in the behavioral defense response and negative regulation of cytokine secretion involved in the immune response (Figure 4(e)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Sep 24;2020:8764507. doi: 10.1155/2020/8764507. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33062027 | For acupoints selection, studies show that ST36 can regulate multiple systems, such as the digestive system, immune system, and endocrine system. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Sep 24;2020:8764507. doi: 10.1155/2020/8764507. eCollection 2020. | Immunity Gastrointestinal Tract Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | It decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels and immunoreactive expressions in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | Immunofluorescence of 5-HT expression in the DRN | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | Immunoreactivity to the antigen was visualized using an Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated secondary antibody (1:1,000 dilution; cat. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | 103715; Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, Inc., Bar Harbor, ME, USA). | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | EA enhances the number of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the DRN of rats with pain-depression dyad | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity Depression | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | Distribution of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the DRN of rats was investigated at bregma â7.5, â8.0 and â8.5 mm (Fig. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | The abundance of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the DRN was higher at bregma â8.00 mm than at bregma â7.50 and â8.50 mm. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | A significant decline of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the DRN compared with the normal group was found at bregma â8.00 mm (Fig. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | Bregma â8.0 mm was therefore determined to be the optimal location for examining the effect of 100-Hz EA on 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the DRN of rats with pain-depression dyad. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity Depression | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | Representative images of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the DRN for the normal group, model group, EA group and pCPA + EA group are shown in Fig. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | 7E, repeated injection of reserpine significantly reduced the number of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the DRN of rats (P<0.05). | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | Of note, 100-Hz EA significantly increased the number of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the DRN in reserpine-injected rats when compared to that in the model group (P<0.05). | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | The upregulation of the number of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in DRN by 100-Hz EA was totally abrogated by injection of pCPA (i.c.v.) | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | Distribution of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in the DRN of rats detected by immunofluorescence on day 5. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | (A-C) Immunofluorescence of 5-HT expression in the DRN at bregma â7.5, â8.0 and â8.5 mm, respectively (scale bar, 300 µm for all). | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | White arrows indicate the 5-HT-immunoreactive cells. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | (D) Quantification of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in DRN. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | Effect of EA on 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in DRN assessed by immunofluorescence on day 5. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | (A-D) Immunofluorescence detection of 5-HT in the DRN of (A) the normal group, (B) model group, (C) EA group and (D) pCPA + EA group (scale bar, 50 µm for all). | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | White arrows indicate the 5-HT-immunoreactive cells. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28672900 | (E) Quantified amount of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells in DRN. | Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37143500 | Cell surface changes, cell destruction, and formation of apoptotic bodies by phagocytes occur, which then proceed as a result of the action of the immune system. | Front Vet Sci. 2023 Apr 18;10:1153903. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1153903. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37143500 | These side effects are thought to be caused by an immune response following the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and the development of central sensitization and pain behavior caused by paclitaxel administration. | Front Vet Sci. 2023 Apr 18;10:1153903. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1153903. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Side Effects | Mechanism |
| 37143500 | ST36 acupuncture is used for pain relief and immunity, such as suppression of IgE and the effect of Th1/Th2 regulation, while CV12 is the mother blood of the stomach, which is a specific acupuncture point where the energy of the intestines gathers. | Front Vet Sci. 2023 Apr 18;10:1153903. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1153903. eCollection 2023. | Immunity Pain Relief | Mechanism |
| 37143500 | It is mainly found in immune cells, such as B and T cells, and plays a role in immune responses and inflammation. | Front Vet Sci. 2023 Apr 18;10:1153903. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1153903. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206727 | Immunohistochemistry was used to detect P2X2 and P2X3 receptor expression in dorsal root ganglia from rats with chronic visceral hypersensitivity. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Mar 25;8(9):802-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.004. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206727 | Immunohistochemistry revealed that P2X2 receptor expression increased in rat dorsal root ganglia with irritable bowel syndrome (P < 0.01), suggesting P2X2 participated in visceral hypersensitivity. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Mar 25;8(9):802-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.004. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206727 | (A) Immunohistochemistry of P2X2 receptor expression in the dorsal root ganglia from experimental rats (Ã 200). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Mar 25;8(9):802-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.004. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206727 | Immunohistochemistry revealed that P2X3 receptor expression increased in dorsal root ganglia from rats with visceral hypersensitivity (P < 0.01), suggesting that P2X3 participated in visceral hypersensitivity. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Mar 25;8(9):802-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.004. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206727 | (A) Immunohistochemistry of P2X3 receptor expression in rat dorsal root ganglia (Ã 200). | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Mar 25;8(9):802-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.004. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206727 | Index detection was conducted at the Three-Level Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunity, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Mar 25;8(9):802-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.004. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206727 | Immunohistochemistry for P2X2 and P2X3 receptor expression in rat dorsal root ganglia | Neural Regen Res. 2013 Mar 25;8(9):802-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.004. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | It indicates that herb-partitioned moxibustion can inhibit the expression of multiple signaling molecules of the TLR2 pathway effectively, and it may modulate the excessive local immune response by inhibiting TLR2 signaling, thereby promoting the repair of damaged colonic mucosa. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | TLRs play an immunoregulatory role in the colonic mucosa, since they activate downstream signaling pathways upon recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on pathogenic microbes. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | TLRs are pattern recognition receptors that recognize common antigens on pathogenic microorganisms and they play key roles in the innate immune response. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | Except for rats in the control group, UC was induced in all rats using an immunological method combined with local irritation. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | Immunohistochemical Detection of TLR2, IRAK1, IKK-β, NF-κB, IFN-β, and IL-10 Proteins in Colonic Mucosa | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | TLR2 protein expression was determined using immunohistochemistry and quantified by the total area of staining and the integrated optical density. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | Ulcerative colitis is associated with multiple aspects of immune dysfunction, including autoimmunity and dysregulated humoral and cellular immunity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | It has been recognized that immune dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UC. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | The IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway plays key roles in inducing the immune response downstream of TLRs. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | It dampens immune responses by antagonizing inflammatory mediators. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | IFN-β plays an immunoregulatory role by promoting the secretion of IL-10 and T lymphocytes. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26339273 | These data suggest that the TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in the development of UC, and herb-partitioned moxibustion can reverse the dysregulated expression of signaling molecules in the TLR2 pathway effectively, thereby inhibiting TLR2/NF-κB pathway activation, modulating the local immune response in the colonic mucosa, protecting the mucosa, and promoting repair of injured mucosa. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:949065. doi: 10.1155/2015/949065. Epub 2015 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28837077 | In one study, acupuncture at GB34 and LR3 decreased in tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity and generated neuroprotective effects in the SN and striatum on days 1, 3, and 7 post-MPTP injection in mice. | Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Aug 24;18(9):1846. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091846. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 28837077 | Immunohistochemistry (IHC) data of tyrosine hydroxylase also indicated that 50 Hz EA stimulation exerted neuroprotection in the dopaminergic neuronal body in the SN (Figure 1D). | Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Aug 24;18(9):1846. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091846. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 28837077 | Immunostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase in rat SN and striatum was performed eight days after MPP+ intra-SN injection. | Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Aug 24;18(9):1846. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091846. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28837077 | These findings indicate that MPP+-induced dopaminergic neuronal death (tyrosine hydroxylase â) in rat SN involves neuronal apoptosis (Bcl-2 â), which is consistent with our immunohistochemical analyses of tyrosine hydroxylase, as shown in the upper part of Figure 3A. | Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Aug 24;18(9):1846. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091846. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28837077 | Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western Blot | Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Aug 24;18(9):1846. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091846. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28837077 | EA stimulation at 50 Hz but not 0 Hz significantly increased the latency to fall in the rotarod test on day 9; (C) Dopamine content from both sides of the mouse brain showed that EA 50 Hz but not 0 Hz stimulation increased the striatal dopamine content as compared to MPTP-alone treated animals; (D) Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase levels in the SN also indicated that 50 Hz EA stimulation exerted neuroprotection in dopaminergic neuronal bodies. | Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Aug 24;18(9):1846. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091846. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 28837077 | Immunostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase in the rat substantia nigra (SN) and striatum was performed eight days after MPP+ lesions. | Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Aug 24;18(9):1846. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091846. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30127121 | Brain tissue samples were dissolved in radio immunoprecipitation assay lysis buffer containing 1% phenylmethyl sulfonylfluoride (Amresco, Atlanta, GA, USA), and centrifuged at 13,000 à g for 10 minutes at 4°C. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Sep;13(9):1602-1608. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.237123. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26654890 | Interestingly, exposure to stress has been shown to lead to an increase in Fos-immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. | Acupunct Med. 2016 Jun;34(3):215-22. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010865. Epub 2015 Dec 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24757373 | Fos-like immunoreactivity was examined by immunohistochemistry in the rat spinal cord. | Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;18(2):121-7. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.121. Epub 2014 Apr 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24757373 | c-fos, a gene which can be immediately activated in neurons following neural stimulation, has been widely used as an efficient way to measure pain and analgesia through the immunohistochemical method. | Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;18(2):121-7. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.121. Epub 2014 Apr 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24757373 | After the video-recording, the rats were immediately subjected to c-Fos immunostaining. | Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;18(2):121-7. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.121. Epub 2014 Apr 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24757373 | c-Fos immuno-staining | Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;18(2):121-7. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.121. Epub 2014 Apr 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24757373 | c-Fos immunohistochemistry | Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;18(2):121-7. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.121. Epub 2014 Apr 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24757373 | Since the development of the immunohistochemical method by Hunt et al. | Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;18(2):121-7. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.121. Epub 2014 Apr 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 24757373 | The total number of c-Fos-positive neurons from laminae I to VI showed significantly inhibited c-Fos immunoreactivity in the ST36, SP9 and BL60 groups. | Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;18(2):121-7. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.121. Epub 2014 Apr 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | Left uterine horns were transected and fixed in 10% formalin for immunohistochemical study while the right samples including both endometrium and myometrium were stored at â80°C until the extraction of protein. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | Other parts of sections were also stained using standard procedures of immunohisto- chemistry staining. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | Expression of Endometrial LIF and OPN Proteins in Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | Staining intensity of LIF in AC group was weaker than that of NC group (optical density: 0.171 ± 0.027 versus 0.246 ± 0.023), but higher than that of CC group (optical density: 0.135 ± 0.023).The same trend of immunoreactivity of OPN was observed in the three groups. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | Consistent with the results of immunohistochemical staining, the expression trends of LIF and OPN proteins were confirmed by Western blot analyses (Figure 4(a) and 4(b)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | Endometrial receptivity that is rigorously controlled both temporally and spatially embraces various factors under the influence of ovarian hormones, including morphological features, cellular adhesion molecules family, cytokines, prostaglandins, and immunological regulation, as is shown in Figure 5. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | Not only did it modulate immune Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the hypothalami of rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced fever and in the ventral midbrains of healthy rats, but also increased the release of β-endorphin in the brain. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | It has been established, however, that the positive effect of AC in the treatment of infertility is related to the following: (a) modulating the release of neurotransmitters, such as β-endorphin, which then influence the hypothalamic functions (b) increasing uterine and ovarian blood flow to improve endometrial environment (c) inhibiting uterine contraction to reduce the possibility of expelling embryo out of the uterus (d) modulating immune factors (e) reducing stress of subfertile patients. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity Blood Flow | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | Immunohistochemical staining for the expression of endometrial leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and osteopontin (OPN) during implantation period in rat. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20981331 | The immunohistochemical staining intensities of leukaemia-inhibitory factor (LIF) and Osteopontin (OPN) proteins in rat endometria during implantation period. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:606514. doi: 10.1155/2011/606514. Epub 2010 Sep 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35003293 | The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-2 in OA rats were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 31;2021:2470182. doi: 10.1155/2021/2470182. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35003293 | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 31;2021:2470182. doi: 10.1155/2021/2470182. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35003293 | Immunoreactive bands were visualized by using an enhanced chemiluminescence reagent kit (WP20005, ThermoFisher, USA) with an imaging device (iBright CL750, ThermoFisher, USA) and analyzed quantitatively by using ImageJ software (1.52s version, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 31;2021:2470182. doi: 10.1155/2021/2470182. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35003293 | IL-2, which has a central role in the negative mediation of the immune system, is also a proinflammatory cytokine that contributes to cartilage damage. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 31;2021:2470182. doi: 10.1155/2021/2470182. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35003293 | (a/b): The levels of TNF-α and IL-2 in the serum of OA rats treated with or without acupuncture were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 31;2021:2470182. doi: 10.1155/2021/2470182. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35003293 | (a/b): The levels of TNF-α and IL-2 in the serum of acupuncture-treated OA rats injected with or without shSIRT1 lentiviruses were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 31;2021:2470182. doi: 10.1155/2021/2470182. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35069759 | The expression of EOS, mast cells (MCs), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), Toluidine Blue staining (TB), and immunohistochemistry, respectively. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 13;2022:4571981. doi: 10.1155/2022/4571981. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35069759 | HE, TB staining, and immunohistochemistry experiments showed that the increased expression of EOS, MCs, EPO, and ECP in uterine tissues was reversed by TN. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 13;2022:4571981. doi: 10.1155/2022/4571981. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35069759 | The immunoreactivity was detected by an ECL chemiluminescence detection system (WBKLS0500, Millipore) and analyzed by an image analysis system (Tanon 4200, Shanghai, China). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 13;2022:4571981. doi: 10.1155/2022/4571981. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35069759 | Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 13;2022:4571981. doi: 10.1155/2022/4571981. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35069759 | Immunohistochemical staining results showed the positive expression of EPO (Figures 6(a)) and ECP (Figure 6(b)) of all groups in rat uterus. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 13;2022:4571981. doi: 10.1155/2022/4571981. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35069759 | Interleukin 6(IL-6) is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine and has multidirectional effects on both innate and acquired immune system cells. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 13;2022:4571981. doi: 10.1155/2022/4571981. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35069759 | (a, b) The representative photomicrographs of EPO and ECP immunohistochemical staining of all groups in rat uterus. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 13;2022:4571981. doi: 10.1155/2022/4571981. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35069759 | (a) The representative photomicrographs of ECP immunohistochemical staining of all groups in the rat uterus. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 13;2022:4571981. doi: 10.1155/2022/4571981. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35722406 | Immunochemistry (IHC), quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blot analysis were performed to detect the expression level of miR-81, IL-16, and PSD-95. | Ann Transl Med. 2022 May;10(10):540. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-2068. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35722406 | Brain tissue was collected, embedded in paraffin, and prepared into 4 µm-thick slices for hematoxylin and eosin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUDP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) apoptosis testing, and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. | Ann Transl Med. 2022 May;10(10):540. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-2068. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35722406 | The expression of PSD-95 was detected by immunohistochemical staining (n=6/group). | Ann Transl Med. 2022 May;10(10):540. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-2068. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35722406 | (A) Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin sections was used to observe the expression of PSD-95 (n=6/group). | Ann Transl Med. 2022 May;10(10):540. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-2068. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35722406 | The level of IL-16 was increased in ischemic cerebrovascular dementia and AD cases, confirming that the immune system plays an extremely important role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. | Ann Transl Med. 2022 May;10(10):540. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-2068. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35722406 | A study reports that 7 inflammatory/immune molecules, including IL-16, in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with AD, neuroinflammation, and vascular injury show good performance characteristics with respect to assays for technical performance. | Ann Transl Med. 2022 May;10(10):540. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-2068. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25983633 | Acupuncture stimulation at the same acupoints also attenuates the decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity (IR) and generates neuroprotective effects in the SN in an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinsonism. | Genet Mol Biol. 2015 Mar;38(1):115-27. doi: 10.1590/S1415-475738120140137. Epub 2014 Mar 17. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 25983633 | On the day following the final MPTP treatment, mice were anesthetized using 16.5% urethane and perfused transcardially with cold 0.05 M sodium-phosphate buffer to enable immunohisto-chemical evaluation. | Genet Mol Biol. 2015 Mar;38(1):115-27. doi: 10.1590/S1415-475738120140137. Epub 2014 Mar 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25983633 | Immunohistochemistry | Genet Mol Biol. 2015 Mar;38(1):115-27. doi: 10.1590/S1415-475738120140137. Epub 2014 Mar 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25983633 | Immunohistochemical analyses were carried out using an ABC kit and a Mouse on Mouse (M.O.M) immunodetection kit (Vector Laboratories, CA) using a modification of the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. | Genet Mol Biol. 2015 Mar;38(1):115-27. doi: 10.1590/S1415-475738120140137. Epub 2014 Mar 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25983633 | Immunohistochemical analyses using Western blots confirmed that the decrease in TH levels in the striatal and SNpc regions induced by MPTP intoxication was significantly inhibited by acupuncture at acupoints (MPTP-A) but not at non-acupoints (MPTP-NA; Figure 2). | Genet Mol Biol. 2015 Mar;38(1):115-27. doi: 10.1590/S1415-475738120140137. Epub 2014 Mar 17. | Immunity Toxic Side Effects | Mechanism |
| 25983633 | Mpzl2 expressed in choroid plexus cells may regulate the permeability of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier, suggesting a novel mechanism of CNS immune surveillance regulation. | Genet Mol Biol. 2015 Mar;38(1):115-27. doi: 10.1590/S1415-475738120140137. Epub 2014 Mar 17. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Immunohistochemistry and western blot results showed that acupuncture effectively inhibits Notch1 and Hes1 protein expression in rat basal ganglia. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Samples were dehydrated, paraffin embedded, and then sliced into 6 μm-thick sections for hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Immunohistochemistry | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Notch1 and Hes1 expression in the basal ganglia was determined by immunohistochemistry. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Notch1 immunoreactivity in rat basal ganglia tissue | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Notch1-immunoreactive cells were widely distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Weak Notch1 immunoreactivity was observed in the control group. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Notch1-immunoreactive cell number was significantly higher in the model group than in the control group at various time points (P < 0.05), and significantly lower in the DAPT group than the model group at 1, 3 (P < 0.01), and 7 (P < 0.05) days. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Notch1-immunoreactive cell number was lower in the acupuncture group than in the model group at 1, 3, and 7 days (P < 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Notch1 immunoreactivity in the basal ganglia of rats with cerebral hemorrhage and acupuncture treatment (immunohistochemical staining, Ã 400 magnification). | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity Bleeding | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Notch1-immunoreactive cell number was higher in the model group than the control group at various time points after cerebral hemorrhage induction. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity Bleeding | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Notch1-immunoreactive cell number was lower in the DAPT (a Notch inhibitgor) and acupuncture groups than the model group at 1, 3, and 7 days. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Arrows show Notch1-immunoreactive cells. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Hes1 immunoreactivity in rat basal ganglia tissue | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Hes1-immunoreactive cells were mainly expressed in vascular endothelial and glial cells. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Hes1 immunoreactivity was observed in the control group. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | At various time points, Hes1-immunoreactive cell number was significantly increased in the model group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Moreover, Hes1-immunoreactive cell number was significantly lower in the acupuncture group than the model group at all time points (P < 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Hes1 immunoreactivity was suppressed in the DAPT group, with significant differences between DAPT and model groups at 3, 7, and 14 days (P < 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Hes1 immunoreactivity was inhibited in both the acupuncture and DAPT groups, but no significant difference was detected at any time point (P > 0.05; Table 3, Figure 3). | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Hes1 immunoreactivity in the basal ganglia of rats with cerebral hemorrhage (immunohistochemical staining, Ã 400). | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity Bleeding | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Hes1-immunoreactive cell number was higher in the model group than the control group at various time points after cerebral hemorrhage induction. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity Bleeding | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Hes1-immunoreactive cell number was lower in the acupuncture group than the model group at various time points. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | DAPT, a Notch inhibitor, suppressed Hes1 immunoreactivity at various time points after cerebral hemorrhage induction. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity Bleeding | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Our immunohistochemical staining results are consistent with the observed western blot trends at 1 and 3 days. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | Notch1 immunoreactivity in the acupuncture group was significantly weaker than the model group at 7 days, and also weaker than the DAPT group, suggesting that acupuncture inhibits Notch signaling pathway expression. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25878596 | The Notch-Hes signaling pathway effect on neural stem cells, as well as our western blot and immunohistochemistry results, suggests that acupuncture may inhibit neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells by inhibiting the Notch-Hes signaling pathway and maintaining neural stem cell proliferation. | Neural Regen Res. 2015 Mar;10(3):457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.153696. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | The expression of CB2 receptor and IL-1β were quantified by using immunofluorescence labeling. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | The endocannabinoid (EC) system consists of the following two main receptors: CB1 receptor, which is localized primarily on the central nervous system and peripheral neurons, and CB2 receptor, which is found principally in the immune system and to a lesser extent in the central nervous system. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | Immunofluorescence labeling | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | Subsequently, the sections were washed four times in PBS for 5 minutes and incubated with the corresponding secondary antibodies from Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, Inc. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | To dissect the role of CB2 receptor in fibroblasts, we investigated the co-localization between CB2 and the fibroblast marker S100A4 immunoreactivities. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | Although the CB2 receptor is mainly distributed in immune cells, evidence exists that the CB2 receptor is expressed in fibroblasts, chondrocytes, and synovial cells. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | Notes: (A) Representative images showing CB2-immunoreactive cells, DAPI, and IL-1β in the menisci of CON, KOA, and EA groups. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | (B) Summary data show the number of CB2-immunoreactive cells in different groups. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | Double immunolabeling of CB2 and the fibroblast marker S100A4 in the menisci. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | (B) Summary data show the percentage of double-stained cells % in the number of total S100A4-immunoreactive cells. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30510442 | (C) Summary data show the number of S100A4-immunoreactive cells in different groups. | J Pain Res. 2018 Nov 8;11:2797-2808. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S171664. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Western blot and immunohistochemistry were carried out to evaluate the protein expression levels of RAF-1, MEK-2, ERK1/2 and NF-κB. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Long-term sleep disorders can easily induce immunity and memory loss, increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and threaten the life and health of patients. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity Cardiovascular | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | The ERK pathway belongs to the MAPK family and mediates various physiological and pathological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and immune inflammation. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Clinical studies have found that acupuncture at Back-Shu point has an excellent therapeutic effect on insomnia, effectively improving depression, anxiety, memory loss, immunity decline and other clinical symptoms caused by insomnia. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity Insomnia Anxiety Depression | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Immunohistochemistry | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Inflammatory cytokines act as mediating signals between the sleep-wake cycle and the immune system. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | The ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway is closely related to the body's immune system. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | The protein expression levels of the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway related genes were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, and the results were consistent with the trend in mRNA expression (Figure 5). | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | A: The expression of ERK/NF-κB pathway-related proteins in rat hippocampus was detected by western blot; B: The relative protein expression level of RAF-1, MEK-2, ERK1/2 and NF-κB in rat hippocampus; C: The expression levels of ERK/NF-κB pathway-related proteins in the hippocampus in rats were detected by immunohistochemistry, scale bars = 100 μm (à 200); D: The gray values of RAF-1, MEK-2, ERK1/2 and NF-κB. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | The sleep-wake cycle is bidirectional in the immune system. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Activation of the immune system will change the sleep state, which can lead to increased sleep duration, and lead to the occurrence of insomnia. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Cytokines in the sleep-wake cycle and immune system mediate between signals, and through the receptor act on the peripheral nervous system or the central nervous system neurons, astrocytes and microglia, through afferent nerve fibers and blood to the brain signals, cause inflammation and then insomnia. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | The results of the present study showed that compared with the Con group, the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6, 1L-1β and TNF-α in the Model group rats' serum and hippocampus were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), suggesting that insomnia can result in a proinflammatory cytokine secretion imbalance, affect the body's immune system, resulting in sleep cycle disorder, consistent with previous research results. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Compared with the Model group, the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the Acupuncture group and U0126 group were significantly increased, suggesting that acupuncture at Back-Shu point may participate in the regulation of sleep and the immune system, improve the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, maintain the balance of cytokines, and promote recovery of the body's immune system and the improvement of insomnia. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 37383281 | Thus, acupuncture may promote the body's immune system recovery and play a role in the treatment of insomnia. | World J Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 19;13(6):340-350. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.340. eCollection 2023 Jun 19. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Catgut Implantation at Acupoint Reduces Immune Reaction in a Rat Model of Allergic Rhinitis | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Allergic rhinitis (AR), an IgE-mediated response, is characterized by a Th2-type immunological pattern together with mast cells activation. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | However, the exact mechanism of the immunomodulatory effects of catgut implantation at acupoint (CIAA) remains unclear, in part due to the lack of a suitable laboratory animal model. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | In the present study, we have further used this model to address the immunomodulatory effects of CIAA stimulation at Yingxiang (LI20) and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints and to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of SP, sIgE, IL-4, IFN-γ, TLR2, and TLR4. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an IgE-mediated response, characterized by Th2 immunological pattern, mainly occurring together with mast cells activation, thus inducing sneezing, itching, nasal congestion, watery rhinorrhea, and even impaired quality of life (QOL). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | AR is primarily an inflammatory IgE-mediated response, characterized by an enhanced Th2 immunological pattern (e.g., IL-4) and an inhibited Th1 pattern (such as IFN-γ), together with the activation of mast cells, goblet cells, and eosinophils. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are natural immune receptors that recognize a variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (such as DAMPs or PAMPs) and play an important role in the immune defense response of the nasal mucosa. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | In the present study, we have used this model to address the immunomodulatory effects of CIAA stimulation at Yingxiang (LI20) and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints and to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of SP, sIgE, IL-4, IFN-γ, TLR2, and TLR4. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | sIgE, IL-4, and IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were purchased from Abcam (Yonghui Bio Co. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | immunizations, the nasal antigen challenge (days 14-21) was performed with intranasal dripping of 50 μl of 2% OVA daily for 7 consecutive days. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Serum levels of cytokines were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Serum levels of specific IgE (sIgE), IL-4, and IFN-γ were measured by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Bound immunoglobulin isotypes were detected with specific secondary antibody. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Immunohistochemistry (IHC) | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | The immunopositive cells were detected using microscopic analysis (at 400x magnification), and the intensity of SP-positive expression was quantified by the average number of positively stained cells per field. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Immunofluorescence Analysis | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | Immunoblot (Western Blot) | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | In the immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis (Figure 4), the expression of SP in the model group showed significant difference from the C1, C2, and Budesonide groups (P < 0.01). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | In our immunofluorescence analysis (Figure 5), we could not detect any significant difference in the expression of TLR2 in the nasal mucosa among the C1, C2, model, and sham groups (P>0.05). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | While the majority of studies has focused on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of acupuncture research, few have investigated the immunomodulatory effects of CIAA obtained from rats. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | In this study, we addressed the immunomodulatory effects of CIAA on AR, providing a basis for further clinical applications of CIAA on treating allergic diseases. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | In addition to the above-mentioned immune cell activation, neurogenic inflammation, such as SP expression in nasal mucosa, decreased after CIAA, which is in accordance with previous studies. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30069225 | In particular, TLR2 and TLR4, which are expressed on the surfaces of diverse immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, and B- and T-lymphocytes, can modify cellular immune response and alter the host's susceptibility to disease. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 5;2018:7629239. doi: 10.1155/2018/7629239. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34757591 | A potential mechanism for the hypoglycemic effect of acupuncture is a neuroendocrine pathway involving crosstalk among the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems. | Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jan;59(1):703-716. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1. Epub 2021 Nov 10. | Immunity Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 34757591 | The gray values of the immunoreactive protein bands were quantified using Image J (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA). | Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jan;59(1):703-716. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1. Epub 2021 Nov 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34757591 | Immunofluorescence Staining | Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jan;59(1):703-716. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1. Epub 2021 Nov 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34757591 | Frozen sections were used for immunofluorescence (IF) staining. | Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jan;59(1):703-716. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1. Epub 2021 Nov 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34757591 | TNF-α is an inflammatory cytokine produced by various cells, including immune cells and epithelial cells. | Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jan;59(1):703-716. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1. Epub 2021 Nov 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34757591 | DAPI stained the nuclei (blue), and the green immunofluorescence represents the insulin. | Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jan;59(1):703-716. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1. Epub 2021 Nov 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34757591 | DAPI stained the nuclei (blue), while the red immunofluorescence represents the insulin, and the green immunofluorescence represents the PGP9.5. | Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jan;59(1):703-716. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1. Epub 2021 Nov 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34757591 | a Immunofluorescence staining and identification of TRPV1 (green) and insulin (blue) expression in the rat pancreas. | Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jan;59(1):703-716. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1. Epub 2021 Nov 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34757591 | On the basis of the findings obtained with the observation of insulin in rat pancreas, we further evaluated the results of immunofluorescence staining and identified the expression of TRPV1 and insulin in rat pancreas to explore the neural regulation of pancreatic endocrine secretion through EA (Fig. | Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Jan;59(1):703-716. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02609-1. Epub 2021 Nov 10. | Immunity Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 35251208 | PTSD causes a breakdown of the immune system and excessive secretion of the stress hormone, corticosterone (CORT), by excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines by a neuroinflammatory response. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 23;2022:4430484. doi: 10.1155/2022/4430484. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35251208 | Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay Analysis of Inflammatory Mediator Levels | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 23;2022:4430484. doi: 10.1155/2022/4430484. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35251208 | After the behavioral test had been completed, four rats from each group were randomly selected and used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurement. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 23;2022:4430484. doi: 10.1155/2022/4430484. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35251208 | Furthermore, it showed an anti-inflammatory effect in the exaggerated inflammatory condition after immune system disruption, regulating the increase in COX-2 and decrease in BDNF. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 23;2022:4430484. doi: 10.1155/2022/4430484. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35251208 | Traumatic stress stimulates the immune system to release proinflammatory factors, and it is known that excessive expression of inflammatory cytokines leads to neuronal cell damage in the fear circuit region of the brain, as well as pathological changes associated with PTSD. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 23;2022:4430484. doi: 10.1155/2022/4430484. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35251208 | Effects of acupuncture on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC; (a)), hippocampus (Hipp; (b)), and amygdala (Amg; (c)); on interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expression in the mPFC (d), Hipp (e), and Amg (f); and on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2; (g)) expression in the Hipp of rats exposed to SPS according to enzyme-like immunosorbent assay analysis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 23;2022:4430484. doi: 10.1155/2022/4430484. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Therapeutic Effect of Catgut Implantation at Acupoint in a Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Suppressing Immune Escape | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are closely related to immune function, as is the capacity of hepatoma cells to escape. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Immunosurveillance is a key mechanism. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Catgut implantation at acupoint (CIAA) is a promising acupuncture improvement method that can regulate immunity and has been widely used in the clinical treatment of a variety of diseases. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The aim of this study is to observe the therapeutic effect of CIAA on HCC and to investigate the potential mechanism of immune escape. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Taken together, our data corroborate the effective potency of CIAA in the treatment of HCC by and inhibiting immune escape and deactivating the AKT pathway. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Immune escape, also known as immune suppression or immune evasion, manifests the incapacity of the immune system for the removal of transformed or mutant cells and thus is a hallmark of carcinogenesis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | An immune escape mechanism is implicated in the onset and progression of tumors and is characterized as a notable phenotype of malignancies. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | It mainly includes antigen deletion or antigen modulation; low expression of MHC-I molecules; abnormal costimulatory signals; expression or secretion of immunosuppressive factors; antiapoptotic effect; and tumor-induced immune cell apoptosis and suppression. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The immune escape of tumor cells is also closely related to the hypoxic/acidic immunosuppressive microenvironment. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | As the main types of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), CD8 and CD4 T cells are deeply implicated in the cellular immune response. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | IL-10 is an important immunosuppressive factor released by tumor cells during the progression of malignancies. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | PD-1 and CTLA-4 are known as the intrinsic checkpoint mediators that play key roles in the suppression of innate immune sensing. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | PD-1 and CTLA-4 can bind to ligands on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the immune response mediated by T cells. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | CTLA-4 is expressed on the surface of activated T lymphocytes and plays an immunosuppressive role after binding with the B7 molecule on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | It has been reported that acupuncture increases the levels of CD3+ and CD4+ and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant tumors, highlighting the therapeutic effect of acupuncture by enhancing the cellular immune function of the patients. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The experimental results show that CIAA is capable of improving the immune status of the body by increasing the activity of NK cells, enhancing the phagocytic function of macrophages, and increasing the level of T lymphocyte subsets. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Immunohistochemistry (IHC) | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Effect of CIAA on Immune Status in HCC Mice | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | As an important mechanism of tumorigenesis, immune escape often manifests a decreased level of T lymphocytes in the whole body or in the microenvironment. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The capacity of escaping immunosurveillance is of critical importance for the survival of most tumors of solid organs, given that tumors pursue the immune escape mechanism to secure a growth advantage. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The improvement of immunosuppression of the body is key to ensure more effective treatment of malignancies. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Our data show that acupuncture has the effects of regulating immunity, inhibiting the expression of the oncogene, and inhibiting the proliferation of the tumor cells during the treatment. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The embedded catgut, as an allogenic substance, can effectively improve the immune function of the human body, yet the effects of CIAA on hepatocarcinogenesis have not been well examined in the HCC model induced by the combination of DEN, CCl4, and ethanol. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Immune escape of tumor cells is one of the main mechanisms of tumorigenesis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Under the action of tumor cells, CD4 cells will produce specific immune tolerance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The negative regulation of IL-10 on immune response in the tumor microenvironment serves to promote the immune escape of tumor cells. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | In the tumor microenvironment, IL-10 functions to thwart immune responses and promote the immune escape of tumor cells. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The research shows that the PD-L1 expression of DCs is upregulated after IL-10 treatment, which may be the mechanism of immune tolerance in the tumor microenvironment. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | These data suggested that CIAA might counteract the enhanced level of IL-10, thereby activating the immune function of T lymphocytes in the body. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | PD-1 and PD-L1 jointly constitute the immune checkpoint pathway, via which the expression of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes is thwarted. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | CTLA-4 is another important immune checkpoint, which is expressed on the surface of activated T lymphocytes and binds to B7. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | B7 is on the surface of antigen-presenting cell APC, and it plays the role of immunosuppression. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Our studies indicated that the expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 decreased after CIAA intervention, suggesting that CIAA treatment can improve the local immunosuppression status of HCC by suppressing the expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | In this study, we observed that the expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 in CIAA-treated HCC mice was decreased, suggesting that CIAA may downregulate the expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 and restore the inhibition status of the immune checkpoint mediators. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | The depletion of CD8 cells and the inhibition of the emergence of an immune cell population aggravate HCC progression. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Compared with the control group, the expression of CD4 and CD8 in HCC mice indicated that the local natural immunity of the tumor was activated, whereas the increased PD-1 and CTLA-4 expression indicated the occurrence of immune-suppression. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | These data suggested that CIAA treatment might play the role of restoring the HCC local immunosuppression state, in which the inhibition of the AKT pathway might be implicated. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | CIAA therapy exhibits an antitumor effect on DENCCl4ethanol-induced HCC mice, and the mechanism may be attributed to the improvement of local immune status and suppression of the AKT pathway in HCC. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35178106 | Effect of CIAA on immune status in HCC mice. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 8;2022:5572869. doi: 10.1155/2022/5572869. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | We found that area and the integrated optical density of the immunoreactivity for the acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction of the phrenic nerve was significantly increased following acupuncture treatment. | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | Various clinical treatments for MG exist, including cholinesterase inhibitors, immunosuppressants, plasma exchange, and resection of thymoma in patients with combined thymoma. | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | Four weeks later, a supplementary immunization was administered in the same manner as the first immunization. | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | Four weeks after the second immunization, rats were administered a third immunization. | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | This was followed by a supplementary immunization four weeks later (Yang and Cheng, 2003; Liu et al., 2007). | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | Fluorescence immunohistochemistry | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | Image-Pro Plus 6.0 image analysis software (Media Cybernetics Company, Shanghai, China) was used to determine the area and integrated optical density values of the immunofluorescence at the neuromuscular junction in the phrenic nerve. | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | Compared with the control group, the averages of the immunofluorescence-positive area and the integrated optical density of the nicotinic AChR antibody immunoreactivity at neuromuscular junction in the phrenic nerve were lower in all three groups of rats with EAMG (P < 0.01). | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | (A) Immunofluorescence photomicrographs show AChR immunoreactivity at the neuromuscular junction of rats (confocal laser scanning microscopy; all images captured at à 40 except the magnified images, which are at à 80). | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | Blue (Hoechst 33342), nuclei; green, monoclonal anti-nicotinic AChR (a1, a3, a5 subunits) antibody immunoreactivity; red, the nerve tracer Dil in the phrenic nerve; arrows, AChR expression at the neuromuscular junction. | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | (B, C) Averages of the area and integrated optical density of AChR immunoreactivity at the neuromuscular junction. | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | That is, no matter how the immune system and cytokines may change, the ultimate target in this disease is the AChR on postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction (Yang, 2004). | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | Significant difference was observed in the integrated optical density of the AChR immunoreactivity between the acupuncture and MG groups, which proved curative effectiveness of acupuncture treatment. | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27127487 | Our research found that no significant difference in the curative effect, that is, increased levels (density and area) of AChR immunoreactivity, was detected between the acupuncture and drug group. | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Mar;11(3):465-8. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.179060. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Changes in the Interstitial Cells of Cajal and Immunity in Chronic Psychological Stress Rats and Therapeutic Effects of Acupuncture at the Zusanli Point (ST36) | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Many CPS patients have gastrointestinal complaints, immune suppression, and immune imbalance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Increasing evidence is indicating that acupuncture (AP) at the Zusanli point (ST36) can alleviate functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), immune suppression, and immune imbalance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | The study found that, in CPS rats, EA at ST36 could improve food intake, weight, visceral hypersensitivity, and immunity; in CPS rats, in small intestine, the morphology of ICCs was abnormal and the number was decreased, which may be part causes of gastrointestinal motility dysfunction. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | The mechanisms may be partially related to its repairing effects on ICCs damages; in CPS rats, there were immune suppression and immune imbalance, which may be part causes of visceral hypersensitivity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | The mechanisms may be partially related to its regulation on immunity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Also, studies have shown that CPS is associated with immune suppression and immune imbalance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Also, studies have shown that AP could improve immunosuppression in patients. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Visceral hypersensitivity and gastrointestinal inflammation are important pathophysiological factors for gastrointestinal motility dysfunction diseases, and they closely correlate with immunity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | In this study, we were aiming to characterize the immune response in CPS rats and the therapeutic effects of EA at ST36. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Food intake, weight, intestinal sensitivity, ICC of small intestine, and serum immune indexes were measured, and therapeutic effects of EA at ST36 were investigated. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | The serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels were measured using commercially available sandwich ELISA kits (Xiang Sheng Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | The measurements of weight and food intake, the assessment of intestinal sensitivity, and the measurement of ICCs and serum immune indexes were performed by blinded researchers. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | The food intake, weight, scores of AWR, IOD of ICCs, and immune indexes data were analyzed by a commercial software package (SPSS13.0). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Also, studies have shown that, in CPS patients, there is immune suppression and immune imbalance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Also, studies have shown that AP could improve immunosuppression in patients. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | has shown that AP may improve the immune system by increasing the counts of a few immune cells and relieve fatigue in cancer patients. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | has shown that EA appears to reduce immunosuppression of both the humoral and cellular components during surgery. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Food intake, weight, intestinal sensitivity, ICC of small intestine, and serum immune indexes were measured, and therapeutic effects of EA at ST36 were investigated. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | In this study, in order to investigate the immune function, serum IgG, IgM, IL-2, and IL-6 levels were measured. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | IgG and IgM are the main components of humoral immunity, and serum levels of IgG and IgM are commonly low in immunocompromised patients. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | IL-2 is a very important cytokine for bidirectional immune regulation. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | IL-6 is a proinflammatory cytokine and correlates with immunoreaction closely. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | This finding indicates that the immune system may be suppressed and imbalanced in CPS rats. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | It indicates that immune suppression and immune imbalance were improved. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | In conclusion, EA at ST36 could improve food intake and weight, could improve the symptom of visceral hypersensitivity, and could regulate immune suppression and immune imbalance in CPS rats. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | The Relations between Visceral Hypersensitivity and Immunity in CPS Rats | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | In CPS rats, there were visceral hypersensitivity, immune suppression, and immune imbalance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | After EA at ST36, the immune suppression and immune imbalance were improved, and the visceral hypersensitivity was improved either. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Studies have shown that visceral hypersensitivity closely correlates with immunity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | We speculate that the therapeutic mechanisms of EA at ST36 for visceral hypersensitivity may be partially related to its regulation on immune suppression and immune imbalance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | In CPS rats, neuroendocrine signaling may also play an important role in changes in immunity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Correspondingly, the CNS will send signals to the thymus, spleen, and gastrointestinal tissue via the neuroendocrine system to modulate the immune system. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | In this study, we speculate that CPS may cause immune suppression and immune imbalance which may be part pathogenic factors for visceral hypersensitivity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | EA at ST36 may regulate the immunity via neuroendocrine system which is conducive to the improvement of visceral hypersensitivity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Now, the exact mechanisms by which CNS affects ICCs in GI are not fully understood, and the pathophysiologic immunity changes in CPS rats are complex. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | Also, EA at ST36 can regulate immune suppression and immune imbalance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | In CPS rats, there were immune suppression and immune imbalance, which may be part of reasons of visceral hypersensitivity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27594888 | The mechanisms may be partially related to its regulation on immune suppression and immune imbalance. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1935372. doi: 10.1155/2016/1935372. Epub 2016 Aug 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | Monoclonal antibodies against COL I (ab34710), COL IV (ab6586), CD31 (ab28364), CD34 (ab81289), α-SMA (ab5694), HIF1A (ab2185), VEGFA (ab1316), and NM23A (ab154547) were acquired from Abcam (Cambridge, MA) and were used in immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | Female BALB/C nude mice were used for in vivo imaging and female BALB/C mice were used for pharmacokinetic analysis, immunohistochemical studies and Western blot analysis. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL Assay | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | The mice were sacrificed 2 h after paclitaxel injection and the tumors were excised for immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assays. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | Immunohistochemistry assays were performed following the established DAB IHC protocol, using the following primary antibodies: anti-COL I (1:200, ab34710, Abcam. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | The immunohistochemical analyses were performed on 5 μm-thick paraffin sections. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | Both immunohistochemistry and TUNEL results were assessed by H-score system. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | Tumor tissues from the 5 groups of mice as described in section Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay were used for Western blot analysis. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | Immunohistochemical evaluation in 4T1 xenograft tumors treated with electro-acupuncture combined with paclitaxel. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | Immunohistochemical evaluation on the extracellular matrix in 4T1 xenograft tumors treated with electro-acupuncture combined with paclitaxel. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | We examined the expression of NM23, a tumor metastasis suppressor, using immunohistochemical staining. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | Immunohistochemical evaluation on the invasion and metastasis of 4T1 xenograft tumors treated with electro-acupuncture combined with paclitaxel. | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31312613 | (B) Densitometric analysis of the immunoblots using the AlphaEase software (one-way ANOVA test; mean ± SD, n = 3). | Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 2;9:576. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00576. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29980225 | The remaining 6 mice in each group were decapitated and the hippocampus was lysated in modified radio immunoprecipitation assay buffer. | Biol Res. 2018 Jul 6;51(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s40659-018-0166-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25767502 | (H) The integrated gray values of VAChT immunoreaction-positive products (immunohistochemical staining, mean ± SEM; n = 10, except for OVX + CCI group which contains eight rats). | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Jan 25;7(3):212-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.03.010. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25767502 | Immunohistochemical staining for VAChT | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Jan 25;7(3):212-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.03.010. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25767502 | The immunostained structure (gray scale values) of the CA1 area was analyzed using Image-Pro Plus 4.1 image analysis software (MediaCybernetics, Bethesda, MD, USA). | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Jan 25;7(3):212-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.03.010. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37303036 | Determination of sex hormones (T, E2, LH, FSH) and AMH by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Biol Res. 2023 Jun 12;56(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s40659-023-00441-6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30431067 | Immunohistochemical detection | Int J Mol Med. 2019 Jan;43(1):221-232. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981. Epub 2018 Nov 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30431067 | For immunohistochemical assay, the tissue slides were placed in 60°C overnight prior to incubation with dimethylbenzene for dewaxing. | Int J Mol Med. 2019 Jan;43(1):221-232. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981. Epub 2018 Nov 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30431067 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Int J Mol Med. 2019 Jan;43(1):221-232. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981. Epub 2018 Nov 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30431067 | As illustrated by immunochemical detection, following the establishment of the cognitive dysfunction model, the production and distribution of TOMM40, TIMM17A and Aβ were all increased in the rat brain tissues (Fig. | Int J Mol Med. 2019 Jan;43(1):221-232. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981. Epub 2018 Nov 6. | Immunity Cognitive Function | Mechanism |
| 30431067 | (A-D) Immunochemical detection (magnification, Ã400) of TOMM40, TIMM17A and Aβ and COX levels and quantification of these levels. | Int J Mol Med. 2019 Jan;43(1):221-232. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3981. Epub 2018 Nov 6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23878591 | Circulation system, immunity system, and nervous system have a close relationship with meridian phenomen. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:160651. doi: 10.1155/2013/160651. Epub 2013 Jun 26. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 23878591 | As a result, the active components which come from vessels, nervous fibers, immunity system, and endocrine system interacted with each other to form a functional coupling structure. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:160651. doi: 10.1155/2013/160651. Epub 2013 Jun 26. | Immunity Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 23878591 | Mobile cell communication web system mainly consists of the vascular network subsystem, neural network subsystem, the immune network subsystem, and the channel network subsystem. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:160651. doi: 10.1155/2013/160651. Epub 2013 Jun 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23878591 | For example, different caliber blood vessels closely related to the different types of neural endings which had different neurotransmitters and peptides regulated the flow of the peripheral blood circulation precisely then influenced the transport and distribution of body fluid and took part in the stress response and nerve-endocrine-immunity procedure. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:160651. doi: 10.1155/2013/160651. Epub 2013 Jun 26. | Immunity Endocrinology Stress Response Circulation | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | After 7 days, the mRNA and protein expression of Nestin, neuron specific nuclear protein (NeuN) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) were detected by real time RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry respectively. | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | Envision detection systems (HRP/Rabbit and mouse, K500711) used in immunohistochemistry (IHC) was purchased from Dako (Copenhagen, Denmark). | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | Immunohistochemical staining | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | The protein quantity and distribution of Nestin, NeuN and CGRP was detected using immunohistochemical staining with EnVision detection systems. | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | The immunohistochemical results also showed that Nestin protein level was raised to some degree, but NeuN and CGRP protein levels were markedly declined in SCI group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), which were all raised in SCI+EA group (P < 0.05 or 0.01) (Figure 1E-H(Fig. | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | Moreover, the results of real time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were also shown that the expression of Nestin, NeuN and CGRP mRNA and protein in miR group was significantly reduced compared with EA group (P < 0.05 or 0.01) (Figure 3B-H(Fig. | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | A. Differences of miR-449a among groups; B. MRNA levels of Nestin, NeuN and CGRP in each group; C. Protein levels of Nestin, NeuN and CGRP detected by Western blotting in each group; D. Densitometric analysis results of Western blots; E. Representative immunohistochemical stain of Nestin, NeuN and CGRP in ventral horn of spinal cord; F-H. | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | Quantification of immunohistochemical stain of Nestin (F), NeuN (G) and CGRP (H). | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | miR-449a agomir treatment significantly restored the elevated mRNA (B) and protein (C, D) levels of Nestin, NeuN and CGRP by EA; E. Representative immunohistochemical stain of Nestin, NeuN and CGRP in ventral horn of spinal cord; F-H. | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28507480 | Quantification of immunohistochemical stain of Nestin (F), NeuN (G) and CGRP (H); I-L. | EXCLI J. 2017 Mar 23;16:363-374. doi: 10.17179/excli2017-123. eCollection 2017. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31737064 | Mast cells (MCs) are important immune cells that are widely distributed in intestinal mucosa. | Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2019 Oct 13;2019:1759842. doi: 10.1155/2019/1759842. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31737064 | Immunohistochemistry | Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2019 Oct 13;2019:1759842. doi: 10.1155/2019/1759842. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31737064 | Immunohistochemical Staining of ZO-1 | Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2019 Oct 13;2019:1759842. doi: 10.1155/2019/1759842. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31737064 | As shown in Figure 4(a), the double immunostaining of cells for MC and CRF-R1 in gastrointestinal mucosa was markedly increased in the CUMS group compared with the blank control group (90.50 (9.00) vs. | Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2019 Oct 13;2019:1759842. doi: 10.1155/2019/1759842. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31737064 | CRF-R1 immunoreactivity within cell bodies showed green cytoplasmic staining, and positive IMMC staining was observed in red, while yellow was the double staining of CRF-R1 and IMMC, as demonstrated in Figure 4(b). | Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2019 Oct 13;2019:1759842. doi: 10.1155/2019/1759842. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31737064 | Furthermore, the number and colouring depth of ZO-1 immunohistochemical staining are better by the treatment of EA and PB. | Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2019 Oct 13;2019:1759842. doi: 10.1155/2019/1759842. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31737064 | Immunohistochemical staining of ZO-1 (Ã400) (c). | Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2019 Oct 13;2019:1759842. doi: 10.1155/2019/1759842. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31322212 | In addition, pathological characteristics of the rabbit tissues were evaluated by H&E and Masson's trichrome staining methods, and TGF-β expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. | Mol Med Rep. 2019 Sep;20(3):2267-2275. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10470. Epub 2019 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31322212 | The total proteins were extracted from all groups of tissue samples by using a radio-immunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai, China). | Mol Med Rep. 2019 Sep;20(3):2267-2275. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10470. Epub 2019 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31322212 | ab97057; Abcam, Cambridge, UK) at room temperature for 1.5 h. The immunoprecipitated proteins were detected by using an enhanced chemiluminescence substrate kit that was included in an enhanced chemiluminescence detection system (Amersham Biosciences Inc., Piscataway, NJ, USA). | Mol Med Rep. 2019 Sep;20(3):2267-2275. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10470. Epub 2019 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31322212 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Mol Med Rep. 2019 Sep;20(3):2267-2275. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10470. Epub 2019 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31322212 | Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays | Mol Med Rep. 2019 Sep;20(3):2267-2275. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10470. Epub 2019 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31322212 | The immunostained tissues were then photographed under a light microscope (CX41; Olympus Corporation). | Mol Med Rep. 2019 Sep;20(3):2267-2275. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10470. Epub 2019 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31322212 | TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; ILK, integrin-linked kinase; TGF-β, transforming growth factor β; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase; IHC, immunohistochemistry; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin. | Mol Med Rep. 2019 Sep;20(3):2267-2275. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10470. Epub 2019 Jul 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35928244 | Histopathological Analysis and Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 29;2022:3294273. doi: 10.1155/2022/3294273. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35928244 | The Celleste image analysis software (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA) was used to count the number of immunoreactive cells. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 29;2022:3294273. doi: 10.1155/2022/3294273. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35928244 | Results from immunohistostaining revealed the distribution of Slc25a15, a key gene of the mitochondria and mitochondrial energy metabolism. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 29;2022:3294273. doi: 10.1155/2022/3294273. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35928244 | Through this study, we demonstrated the association between liver damage and dysregulation of multiple mitochondria-associated genes using a model of experimentally induced ALF and that acupuncture can be used to reverse this dysregulation and attenuate early degeneration and immune cell infiltration of liver tissue. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 29;2022:3294273. doi: 10.1155/2022/3294273. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35928244 | To confirm Slc25a15 expression, the immunohistochemical distribution of Slc25a15 in liver tissue was observed and appeared to be similarly upregulated in control and MA in both mitochondria and mitochondria energy metabolism genes. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 29;2022:3294273. doi: 10.1155/2022/3294273. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35928244 | We confirmed that the immunoreactivity of Slc25a15 in control and MA increased compared with that in ALF, which was the same as the results of the RT2 profiler PCR array. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 29;2022:3294273. doi: 10.1155/2022/3294273. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35928244 | In summary, our results from screening gene expression profiles and histopathological, immunohistochemical, and proinflammatory mediator analyses demonstrated that the MA-induced reduction in TNF-α reflects a reduction in hepatic inflammation due to the preservation of mitochondrial function, which in turn results from the restoration of Slc25a15 expression levels in D-GalN-induced liver damage. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 29;2022:3294273. doi: 10.1155/2022/3294273. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35928244 | (c), (d) Immunohistochemical observation of Slc25a15 in the liver tissue. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 29;2022:3294273. doi: 10.1155/2022/3294273. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33229729 | Immunofluorescence staining | Neural Regen Res. 2021 May;16(5):916-923. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297090. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33229729 | Another three rats in each group were randomly selected for immunofluorescence staining. | Neural Regen Res. 2021 May;16(5):916-923. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297090. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33229729 | Compared with the model group, the expression of DNMT1 in the inhibitor group was decreased (P < 0.05 in immunofluorescence staining, P < 0.05 in western blot assay), but increased in the PEA + inhibitor (P < 0.01 in immunofluorescence staining, P < 0.05 in western blot assay), PMA (P < 0.01 in immunofluorescence staining, P < 0.05 in western blot) and PEA groups (P < 0.01 in immunofluorescence staining, P < 0.05 in western blot). | Neural Regen Res. 2021 May;16(5):916-923. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297090. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33229729 | In addition, the expression levels of DNMT1 were decreased in the PEA + inhibitor (P < 0.01 in immunofluorescence staining, P < 0.01 in western blot assay), inhibitor (P < 0.01 in immunofluorescence staining, P < 0.01 in western blot) and PMA groups (P < 0.05 in immunofluorescence staining, P < 0.05 in western blot assay) compared with the PEA group. | Neural Regen Res. 2021 May;16(5):916-923. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297090. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33229729 | (A) The immuoreactivity of DNMT1 in the DRN was detected using immunofluorescence staining. | Neural Regen Res. 2021 May;16(5):916-923. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297090. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33229729 | The data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3 for immunofluorescence staining, n = 6 for western blot assay). | Neural Regen Res. 2021 May;16(5):916-923. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297090. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33229729 | This suggests that other epigenetic modifications could be involved in the PEA-mediated inhibition, which can be further investigated using miRNA array and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis. | Neural Regen Res. 2021 May;16(5):916-923. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.297090. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28357997 | It encodes a 26 kDa integral-membrane protein that localizes in the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and nuclear membrane and plays an important role in the long-term survival of nerve cells, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, and immune memory cells. | Med Sci Monit. 2017 Mar 30;23:1522-1532. doi: 10.12659/msm.897689. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25657670 | Ten rats from each group were used for behavioral and immunohistochemistry experiments, and four were used for electron microscopy. | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Jun 25;7(18):1378-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.18.003. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25657670 | The integral grey value of CaMKII immunoreactivity was significantly higher in the OVX + CCI + electroacupuncture 2 weeks group compared with the CCI + electroacupuncture 2 weeks group (P < 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Jun 25;7(18):1378-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.18.003. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25657670 | Immunohistochemical staining for CaMKII | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Jun 25;7(18):1378-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.18.003. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25657670 | The immunostained structure (grey scale values) of the CA3 region was analyzed using NIS-Elements BR2.30 image analysis system (Nikon). | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Jun 25;7(18):1378-85. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.18.003. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31785199 | Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, NR1, NR2A, and NR2B in the rat plasma and hippocampus. | Med Sci Monit. 2019 Nov 30;25:9112-9122. doi: 10.12659/MSM.917593. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31785199 | Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) to detect the protein components of the rat nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling pathway | Med Sci Monit. 2019 Nov 30;25:9112-9122. doi: 10.12659/MSM.917593. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31785199 | Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used to detect the protein components of the NO and cGMP signaling pathway. | Med Sci Monit. 2019 Nov 30;25:9112-9122. doi: 10.12659/MSM.917593. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31785199 | A rat cGMP enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (H163) (Shanghai Nanjing Institute of Bioengineering Research) and a nitric oxide (NO) assay kit (A102) (Shanghai Nanjing Institute of Bioengineering) were used. | Med Sci Monit. 2019 Nov 30;25:9112-9122. doi: 10.12659/MSM.917593. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31785199 | This study included enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were to detect the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, NR1, NR2A, and NR2B in the rat plasma and hippocampus. | Med Sci Monit. 2019 Nov 30;25:9112-9122. doi: 10.12659/MSM.917593. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31785199 | The effect of acupuncture on cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and nitric oxide (NO) in the rat hippocampus and plasma measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). | Med Sci Monit. 2019 Nov 30;25:9112-9122. doi: 10.12659/MSM.917593. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | The expression of dynorphin and of OFQ in the spinal dorsal horn was detected by immunohistochemistry. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | The area and opacity density (OD) of immunoreaction in the spinal cord were measured, analyzed by Motic Med 6.0 (Motic China Group, China), and averaged for sections of each rat and then averaged for the group. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | Concentrations of spinal dynorphin and OFQ were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | We further tested the expression of dynorphin and κ receptor in L6-S1 spinal dorsal horn by ISH, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | At the protein level, the expression of dynorphin-immunoreaction was higher in model group than that in normal group (P < 0.05), and dense immunoreactivity for dynorphin was shown after WM treatment (P < 0.05). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | The expression of OFQ and of its receptor in L6-S1 spinal dorsal horn was also tested by ISH, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | Effects of WM on the expression of dynorphin in L6-S1 spinal cord tested by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23573158 | Effects of WM on the expression of orphanin FQ in L6-S1 spinal cord tested by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:920675. doi: 10.1155/2013/920675. Epub 2013 Mar 16. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | We investigated the changes in cognate L1-triggered signaling molecules after SCI by immunofluorescence staining and immunoblot analysis. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | The mechanisms underlying the beneficial outcome following EA treatment are complex, involving cytokines, neurotrophins, epigenetic influences, and the immune system, to name only a few (Liu et al.,; Renfu et al.,; Ding et al.,; Geng et al.,). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Immunohistology | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Immunohistology was performed as described (McDonough et al.,; Sauce et al.,). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Immunoblot Analysis | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Immunoblot analysis was performed as described (Chen et al.,; Wang et al.,) to measure levels of PTEN, p53, pmTOR, pErk1/2, pAkt and MBP. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | After washing with TBST (3 Ã 5 min at RT), membranes were incubated with the appropriate secondary antibodies (Jackson Immunoresearch) for 1 h, and immunoreactive bands were visualized by chemiluminescence using Supersignal (Bio-Rad Laboratories). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | To investigate whether AP and EA affect phosphorylation levels of Akt, we performed immunoblot analysis at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after SCI on spinal cord tissue containing the injury site at the center and 0.5 cm tissue each rostral and caudal to the injury site (Figure 1). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Spinal cord tissues were prepared and assessed by immunoblot analysis at the indicated days. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | (A) Representative immunoblots for p-Akt and GAPDH. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | To investigate whether AP and EA affect p-Erk levels, we performed immunoblot analysis at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after SCI on spinal cord tissue (Figure 2). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Spinal cord tissues were prepared and assessed by immunoblot analysis at the indicated days. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | (A) Representative immunoblots for p-Erk and GAPDH. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | To evaluate whether AP and EA affect the pmTOR after SCI, we performed immunofluorescence staining and immunoblot analyses. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Spinal cord tissues were prepared and assessed by immunofluorescence and immunoblot analyses at the indicated days. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | (H) Representative immunoblots for pmTOR, mTOR and actin. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | To investigate whether AP and EA affect the expression of PTEN, we performed immunoblot analysis at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after SCI (Figure 4). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Spinal cord tissue was assessed by immunoblot analysis at the indicated days. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | (A) Representative immunoblots for PTEN and GAPDH. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | To investigate whether AP and EA affect p53 expression, we performed immunoblot analysis at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after SCI (Figure 5). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Spinal cord tissues were prepared and assessed by immunoblot analysis at the indicated days. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | (A) Representative immunoblots for p53 and GAPDH. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | To evaluate whether AP and EA affect expression of MBP after SCI, we performed immunofluorescence staining and immunoblot analysis. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Spinal cord tissues were prepared and assessed by immunofluorescence and immunoblot analyses after SCI at the indicated days. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | (H) Representative immunoblots for MBP and GAPDH. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30505267 | Previous studies have shown that AP supports pro-active metabolism and improves pro-active immunity in mammals (Dorsher and McIntosh,). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov 16;11:411. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00411. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23970928 | EnVision immunohistochemistry and qPCR were used to measure the levels of Ras, Raf, MEK, and ERK proteins and mRNA expression in colon tissues to explore the key signaling molecules involved in the regulation of CD intestinal fibrosis in rats and reveal the mechanisms underlying the effects of moxibustion on CD intestinal fibrosis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:198282. doi: 10.1155/2013/198282. Epub 2013 Jul 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23970928 | EnVision Plus Immunohistochemical Detection of Ras, Raf, MEK, and ERK-1/2 in Colonic Tissue | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:198282. doi: 10.1155/2013/198282. Epub 2013 Jul 22. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32967614 | After perfusion, the spinal cord of each rat was extracted for the immunofluorescence detection. | J Physiol Sci. 2020 Sep 23;70(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00769-8. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32967614 | Immunofluorescence detection | J Physiol Sci. 2020 Sep 23;70(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00769-8. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32967614 | After 3 times of washing in PBS, these were incubated with Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated secondary antibody (mouse anti-rat IgG, 1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) at 37 °C for 1 h. Staining was carried out using DAPI at 37 °C for 1 h. To quantitate the immunofluorescence, three sections from each specimen were analyzed. | J Physiol Sci. 2020 Sep 23;70(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00769-8. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31045558 | Immunohistochemical (IHC) | Technol Health Care. 2019;27(S1):425-443. doi: 10.3233/THC-199038. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31045558 | (A-D) Expression of SYN, GAP43 and PSD95 were analyzed by immunofluorescence cytochemistry (scale bar, 50Â m). | Technol Health Care. 2019;27(S1):425-443. doi: 10.3233/THC-199038. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31871478 | Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Nov 21;2019:3612587. doi: 10.1155/2019/3612587. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31871478 | Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity and TH expression in the striatum. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Nov 21;2019:3612587. doi: 10.1155/2019/3612587. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31871478 | TH immunoreactivity and TH expression in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Nov 21;2019:3612587. doi: 10.1155/2019/3612587. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31871478 | The SNpc was isolated and immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Nov 21;2019:3612587. doi: 10.1155/2019/3612587. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23097675 | Protein gene product (PGP) is neuron specific protein, structurally and immunologically distinct from neuron specific enolase. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:483123. doi: 10.1155/2012/483123. Epub 2012 Oct 11. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23097675 | It was detected in the myenteric plexus, but PGP 9.5-immunoreactive cell bodies did not colocalize with TrpV1, suggesting that PGP 9.5 and TrpV1 play different roles in pain signal transmission. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:483123. doi: 10.1155/2012/483123. Epub 2012 Oct 11. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33505601 | Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunofluorescence were used to observe the his-topathological changes and NSC proliferation in mice. | World J Stem Cells. 2020 Dec 26;12(12):1576-1590. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1576. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33505601 | Hematoxylin-eosin and immunofluorescence staining | World J Stem Cells. 2020 Dec 26;12(12):1576-1590. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1576. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33505601 | Then the paraffin sections of the hippocampus tissue of the mice were stained by immunofluorescence. | World J Stem Cells. 2020 Dec 26;12(12):1576-1590. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1576. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33505601 | The positive rate of BrdU staining was evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence and diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining with a rabbit polyclonal anti-BrdU antibody (1:100, Abcam, United Kingdom), and normal rabbit IgG (1:50, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States) was used as a negative control. | World J Stem Cells. 2020 Dec 26;12(12):1576-1590. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1576. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33505601 | After BrdU is injected in vivo or added to cell culture, the proliferating cells can be shown by anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody and immunofluorescence staining. | World J Stem Cells. 2020 Dec 26;12(12):1576-1590. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1576. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33505601 | Neural stem cell proliferation by immunofluorescence staining. | World J Stem Cells. 2020 Dec 26;12(12):1576-1590. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1576. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33505601 | Paraffin section of hippocampus tissue of mice was evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence and diaminobenzidine staining. | World J Stem Cells. 2020 Dec 26;12(12):1576-1590. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1576. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33505601 | A: Immunofluorescence staining; B: BrdU positive cell counting. | World J Stem Cells. 2020 Dec 26;12(12):1576-1590. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1576. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33505601 | The histological changes of the hippocampus, NSC proliferation, as well as synaptophysin production in the hippocampal microenvironment were studied by hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry. | World J Stem Cells. 2020 Dec 26;12(12):1576-1590. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1576. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30899176 | Researchers have found that the main mechanism of injecting allogeneic blood into rabbit modeling site is the meridian qi-circulation difficulty caused by blood stasis, resulting in dizziness; local occupation, tissue-like inflammatory lesions produced by allogeneic immune responses, muscular contracture, mechanical disequilibrium, vertigo produced by direct or indirect stimulation of vertebral artery and its surrounding sympathetic nerves. | Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019 Mar;26(3):589-594. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.12.007. Epub 2018 Dec 6. | Immunity Circulation | Mechanism |
| 32042305 | Four rats in each group were randomly selected for molecular experiment, and the other 4 rats in each group were transcardially perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde for immunohistochemical staining. | Chin Med. 2020 Feb 4;15:13. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-0289-y. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32042305 | Immunohistochemical staining | Chin Med. 2020 Feb 4;15:13. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-0289-y. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32042305 | The brain and lumbar spinal cord (L4-L6) were cut into 7 μm slices, which were immunohistochemically stained as previously described. | Chin Med. 2020 Feb 4;15:13. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-0289-y. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32042305 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay | Chin Med. 2020 Feb 4;15:13. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-0289-y. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32042305 | Levels of 5-HT, β-EP, endomorphin-1 (EM-1), and endomorphin-2 (EM-2) were determined using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system. | Chin Med. 2020 Feb 4;15:13. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-0289-y. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32042305 | Immunohistochemical results of 5-HT3AR and MOR | Chin Med. 2020 Feb 4;15:13. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-0289-y. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32042305 | Effects of WAA on 5-HT3AR and MOR immunohistochemical expression. | Chin Med. 2020 Feb 4;15:13. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-0289-y. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Most interestingly, the electroacupuncture treatment resulted in an enhanced immunostaining for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a potent anti-inflammatory neuropeptide, in the synovial tissue. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Moreover, the VIP-immunostaining intensity was significantly negatively correlated with the scores of inflammation in the synovial tissue (r = â0.483, P = .0026). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Although neuroendocrine-immune, gene expression; and proteomic analysis have been employed and provided some molecular interpretations in many experiments about electroacupuncture (EA), the molecular mechanism of acupuncture is still not clear. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Neuroendocrine-immune interactions have been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | The above acupoints were chosen in this study because they are commonly used in the treatment of arthritis through acupuncture, and they have the effects of anti-inflammatory, reduce pain, and modulate neuroendocrine-immune system. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | The radioimmunoassay results were expressed as nanograms of immunoreactive peptide per milliliter of serum (pg/mL). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | The immunostaining for VIP was considered positive when the cytoplasm was stained brown. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | The levels of immunoreactive VIP protein were quantified morphometrically using Image Pro-Plus 6.0 software (Media Cybernetics Inc., USA) on an Olympus BX51 microscope (Japan). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Enhanced Immunostaining for VIP in the Synovial Tissue | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Likewise, the animals in the saline-EA group also showed weak immunoreaction for VIP in synovial cells (Figure 6(c)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Moderate to strong immunostaining for VIP was seen in the synovial tissue from the FCA-injected animals (Figure 6(d)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Most interestingly, the EA treatment resulted in a profound enhancement of the VIP immunoreactivity in the synovial tissue (Figure 6(e)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | As shown in Figure 8, the VIP-immunostaining intensity was significantly negatively correlated with the scores of inflammation in the synovial tissue (r = â0.483, P = .0026), suggesting that the anti-inflammatory effects of EA at acupoint may be mediated through the up-regulation of VIP expression. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Moreover, the VIP-immunostaining intensity was negatively correlated with the inflammatory scores in the synovial tissue. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | This hypothesis is supported by a previous study, where immunomodulatory effects are exerted by the EA stimulation at acupoint ST36 but not at a nonacupoint (tail). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Immunostaining for VIP in the synovial tissue. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | (c) Synovial cells from the saline-EA group display weak immunoreaction for VIP. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | (d) Moderate to strong immunostaining for VIP is seen in the synovial tissue from the FCA-injected animals. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | An enhancement of the VIP immunoreactivity in the synovial tissue is observed in the FCA-EA group (e) but not in the FCA-EA (nonacupoint) group (f). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | The integral optical density (IOD) of VIP immunoreactivity in the synovial tissue. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 20953422 | Relationship between the VIP immunostaining intensity and the scores of inflammation in the synovial tissue in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:290489. doi: 10.1155/2011/290489. Epub 2010 Sep 14. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27852302 | Cell infarction volume (TTC stain), neuronal apoptosis (markers: TUNEL and Caspase-3), activation of microglia (marker: Iba1) and astrocytes (marker: GFAP), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression in the microglia and astrocytes were evaluated by immunofluorescence. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Nov 16;16(1):470. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1457-6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27852302 | Immunofluorescence assays | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Nov 16;16(1):470. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1457-6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27852302 | Activated microglia and astrocytes were evaluated by detecting Iba1- and GFAP-positive cells, respectively, using an immunofluorescence assay. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Nov 16;16(1):470. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1457-6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27852302 | TNF-α expression in the activated microglia and astrocytes was investigated by detecting Iba1/GFAP plus TNF-α-positive cells using an immunofluorescence assay. | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Nov 16;16(1):470. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1457-6. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34646336 | Immune regulation and hormone secretion may also be involved in this process. | Comput Math Methods Med. 2021 Oct 4;2021:6730274. doi: 10.1155/2021/6730274. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | Immunofluorescence | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | The samples were then incubated with the secondary antibody (1:500), 488-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti-rabbit IgG (H + L), 594-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti-goat IgG (H + L), and Peroxidase-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti-mouse IgG (H + L) for 2 hr at room temperature before being fixed with coverslips for immunofluorescence visualization. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity Heart Rate | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | To examine the cellular elements responsible for these expression changes, we conducted immunofluorescence staining of the DRG (Figure 6) and somatosensory cortex (Figure 7). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | Immunofluorescence images of the DRG revealed changes in TRPV1 immunoexpression that paralleled those measured by western blotting, with elevation following CIP induction compared with sham control mice and markedly lower expression levels in AI and Trpv1-/- groups (Figure 6A). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | Immunofluorescence staining also confirmed elevated expression of the glial cell marker Iba1 in the DRG following CIP induction, which was attenuated by AI treatment and Trpv1 gene deletion (Figure 6B). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | In accord with western blotting and other immunofluorescence results, TRPV1 immunoreactivity (Figure 8A) and Iba1 immunoreactivity (Figure 8B) were elevated concomitantly by CIP induction. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | The immunoblotting images depict four lanes of protein in the following order: Normal, chronic inflammatory pain (CIP), AI, and Trpv1-/- groups. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity Inflammatory Pain | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | The immunoblotting images depict four lanes of protein in the following order: Normal, CIP, AI, Trpv1-/- groups. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | The immunoblotting images depict four lanes of protein in the following order: Normal, CIP, AI, and Trpv1-/- groups. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | The immunoblotting images depict four lanes of protein in the following order: Normal, CIP, AI, and Trpv1-/- groups. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | Immunofluorescence staining of transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) and Iba1 protein expression in the mice dorsal root ganglion (DRG). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | Immunofluorescence staining of Transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) and Iba1 protein expression in mice spinal cord (SC). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | Immunofluorescence staining of transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) and Iba1 protein expression in the mice thalamus. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35656078 | Immunofluorescence staining of transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) and Iba1 protein expression in the mice somatosensory cortex (SSC). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | Further bioinformatics analysis identified the up-regulation of an array of genes involved in biological process such as neutrophil chemotaxis and immune response in the DRGs of CPIP model rats after EA treatment. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | Interestingly, our data identified the up-regulation of an array of genes involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and immune response in CPIP model rats after EA treatment. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | GO analysis showed that the most significantly enriched biological process of upregulated DEGs was neutrophil chemotaxis, followed by defense response to bacterium and fungus and immune response, etc. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | We evaluated the up-regulated DEGs which were implicated in immune response identified by GO analysis. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | (A) The expression of representative genes in immune response detected by qPCR. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | Our results indicated that these DEGs were mostly involved in neutrophil chemotaxis, defense response to bacterium/fungus, immune response, and phagosome. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | We further validated the expression of some representative genes involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and immune response via q-PCR. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | Another mostly enriched biological process exerted by EA we deduced from GO analysis is immune response. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | Our previous study found that immune response was the mostly enriched biological process in DRGs of CPIP model rats. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | Interestingly, repetitive treatment with EA provoked a further increase in the expression of immune response-related genes in DRGs of CPIP model rats (e.g., Ccl24, Ppbp, Prg2, Ccl3, Ccl9, Cxcr2, Il1rn, and Ccr3, etc.). | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | It is usually considered that immune responses in DRGs participate in the initiation and maintenance phase of chronic pain. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | However, more and more evidence suggests that the immune responses can also serve to protect the injured area from further insult by engulfing pathogens, removing cell debris, exerting repair, and neuroprotection mechanisms. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | Therefore, EA and SCS may engage similar immune stimulatory effects to exert therapeutic effects on chronic pain conditions. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 33193035 | The exact implications of up-regulated expression of immune response-related genes in DRGs after EA treatment of CPIP model rats needs further investigation. | Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22110373 | Western immunoblotting analysis | Exp Neurobiol. 2011 Sep;20(3):144-52. doi: 10.5607/en.2011.20.3.144. Epub 2011 Sep 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22110373 | Immunoblot (Fig. | Exp Neurobiol. 2011 Sep;20(3):144-52. doi: 10.5607/en.2011.20.3.144. Epub 2011 Sep 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22110373 | Immunoblots (Fig. | Exp Neurobiol. 2011 Sep;20(3):144-52. doi: 10.5607/en.2011.20.3.144. Epub 2011 Sep 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22110373 | But immunohistochemistry on spinal dorsal horn of L4, L5, and L6 segments needs further study for evaluating precise role of p35 or p25 in pain transmission. | Exp Neurobiol. 2011 Sep;20(3):144-52. doi: 10.5607/en.2011.20.3.144. Epub 2011 Sep 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22110373 | (A) Immunoblots showed the decreased p35 and p25 expression in lumbar (4~5) spinal cord homogenates from one- to four-week diabetic hyperalgesic rats compared with control rats. | Exp Neurobiol. 2011 Sep;20(3):144-52. doi: 10.5607/en.2011.20.3.144. Epub 2011 Sep 20. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay were used to detect immunoreactivity and protein expression levels of Mincle, Syk, and CARD9. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Our results showed that acupuncture through Baihui to Qubin remarkably improved neurological function and brain water content, and inhibited immunoreactivity and expression of Mincle, Syk, CARD9, and interkeukin-1β. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | The immune system plays an important role in the inflammatory response. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Compared with the adaptive immune system (which is highly pathogen specific), innate immune receptors recognize a variety of pathogens with similar structures (Park et al., 2006; Tang et al., 2007; Shichita et al., 2012). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) is a recently discovered innate immune receptor that was originally recognized as a macrophage target in the peritoneum (Matsumoto et al., 1999). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Immunohistochemistry | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Data are represented as mean ± SD for mNSS, western blotting, and as median (interquartile range) for BWC, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | BWC, immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were examined using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney U test for pairwise comparisons. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Immunopositivity of Mincle, Syk, and CARD9 in the brain as detected by immunohistochemistry | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Immunopositivity of Syk and CARD9 were significantly reduced in the acupuncture and piceatannol groups compared with the ICH group (P < 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Immunopositivity of Syk and CARD9 showed no statistical differences between the acupuncture and piceatannol groups (P > 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Compared with the ICH group, Mincle immunopositivity was decreased in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | However, Mincle immunopositivity was not significantly different between the ICH and piceatannol groups (P > 0.05; Figure 4). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Effect of acupuncture through Baihui (DU20) to Qubin (GB7) on immunoreactivity of Mincle, Syk, and CARD9 in the brain of rats at 6, 12, 24, and 72 hours after intracerebral hemorrhage (immunohistochemistry). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity Bleeding | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | (A) Immunohistochemical staining of brain tissue (original magnification, 400Ã). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | (A) Western immunoblotting analysis of proteins relevant to intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity Bleeding | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | The innate immune system is critical in development of neurovascular injury and a major reason for excessive parenchymatous inflammation. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Fang et al., (2013) found that both innate immunity and inflammation participate in the pathological process of ICH. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | As a mediator of the immune response and activation point of inflammation, IL-1β expression levels directly reflect grades of inflammation after cerebral hemorrhage (Gross et al., 2009). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity Bleeding | Mechanism |
| 30106055 | Previous studies have shown that the Mincle/Syk signaling pathway is involved in many innate immune responses including ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (Suzuki et al., 2013; de Rivero Vaccari et al., 2015; He et al., 2015; Arumugam et al., 2017; Xie et al., 2017). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Aug;13(8):1425-1432. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235298. | Immunity Bleeding | Mechanism |
| 21799685 | Another six rats were used in an immunofluorescence study. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:619650. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq016. Epub 2011 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799685 | Immunofluorescence | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:619650. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq016. Epub 2011 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799685 | Control sections without primary antiserum showed no immunoreactive staining. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:619650. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq016. Epub 2011 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799685 | Immunofluorescence double staining of serotonin and Fos demonstrated that EA induced Fos expression in the NRM (Figure 4(b)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:619650. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq016. Epub 2011 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799685 | (a) The 5-HT-immunoreactive neurons; (b) Fos-immunoreactive profiles; (c) Merged graphs of (a) and (b). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:619650. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq016. Epub 2011 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799685 | (a) The 5-HT-immunoreactive neurons; (b) Fluorogold-labeled neurons projecting to the spinal cord; (c) Merged graphs of (a) and (b). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:619650. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq016. Epub 2011 Jan 9. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37179843 | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay | Neural Plast. 2023 May 2;2023:1474841. doi: 10.1155/2023/1474841. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37179843 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to check the expressions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, including CORT, CRH, and ACTH in serum. | Neural Plast. 2023 May 2;2023:1474841. doi: 10.1155/2023/1474841. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799673 | The Sanyinjiao or SP6 (Spleen 6) acupoint is a spot in the spleen channel that also functions as an important, general tonification point indicated in many disorders, including gynecological, genitourinary, allergic, insomnia, immunological and psychosomatic diseases and pain control. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:217946. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq036. Epub 2011 Jun 5. | Immunity Insomnia | Mechanism |
| 21799673 | Four hours after carrageenan-induced peritonitis occurred, peritoneal fluid from the treated mice was used to estimate the cytokine levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:217946. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq036. Epub 2011 Jun 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799673 | Acupuncture has been used to treat immune diseases, like asthma, using acupuncture points that boost the vital energy and regulate the immune system. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:217946. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq036. Epub 2011 Jun 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799673 | Uniquely, among hematopoietic cytokines, IL-10 is a pleiotropic molecule that displays both immunostimulatory and immunoregulatory activities. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:217946. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq036. Epub 2011 Jun 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799673 | Additionally, our data demonstrated that DEXA, a synthetic glucocorticoid with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant properties; also inhibited leukocyte and neutrophil influx, abdominal vascular permeability and MPO activity in the peritoneal fluid of carrageenan-injected mice. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:217946. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq036. Epub 2011 Jun 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799673 | The thought that acupuncture might be involved as a modulator of the immune system has recently been supported by several observations, and it has been suspected that acupuncture might affect immune modulation. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:217946. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq036. Epub 2011 Jun 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799673 | Although actual scientific evidence is yet to be produced, studies relating to neuroimmunology and autonomic reflexes could form a significant base for understanding the basic acupuncture mechanism as a neural-immune reflex. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:217946. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq036. Epub 2011 Jun 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 21799673 | Pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in the interaction between the brain and immune system, stimulating neural outflows via the autonomic nervous system; parasympathetic nerve endings release acetylcholine, and a neuroimmune reflex appears to suppress the release of inflammatory cytokines. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:217946. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neq036. Epub 2011 Jun 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | Expression of NMDAR subunits, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), cyclic AMP response element binding protein (pCREB) and their corresponding phospho-activated forms were measured by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | L3âL5 DRG neurons were immediately dissected and either snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at â80°C (pending protein extraction and Western blotting) or post-fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (pending immunohistochemistry). | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | Immunohistochemistry | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | Mean pNR1-immunoreactive band density was significantly higher in the FM group on day 8 (132.21±14.4% of control values; figure 2A), while mean band density in the FM+EA group was similar to controls (95.31±8.84%), suggesting reversal of the pNR1 upregulation induced by FM modelling. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | By contrast, there were no differences in NR1 immunoreactivity between groups (figure 2B). | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | Figure 4 shows the expression of pNR1 and pNR2B at the single DRG neuron level as measured by immunofluorescence staining. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | Arrows indicate immunopositive neurons. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | Again, the number of immunopositive neurons remained elevated in the MA group (figure 5D, I). | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | Arrows indicate immunopositive neurons. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27381504 | Wang et al used immunohistochemistry to demonstrate that the number of DRG neurons expressing both isolectin B4 (IB4) and NR1 are dramatically increased in CFA (complete Freund's adjuvant)-mediated inflammatory pain. | Acupunct Med. 2017 Mar;35(1):59-68. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010986. Epub 2016 Jul 5. | Immunity Inflammatory Pain | Mechanism |
| 27073385 | The immunoblots were then incubated with goat anti-rabbit/mouse horseradish peroxidase-conjugated IgG for 2 hours at room temperature (1:1,000), and labeled proteins were detected using the Electrochemiluminescence Plus Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc, MA, USA). | Neural Regen Res. 2016 Feb;11(2):305-11. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.177740. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26770252 | The pain withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) and anxiety behavior were measured, and p-ERK protein expression and immunoreactivity cells in ACC were detected. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:235491. doi: 10.1155/2015/235491. Epub 2015 Dec 3. | Immunity Anxiety | Mechanism |
| 26770252 | Immunofluorescence | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:235491. doi: 10.1155/2015/235491. Epub 2015 Dec 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26770252 | There was no significant difference in p-ERK1/2-immunoreactive cells or protein expression between the EA and SNL groups (Figures 3(b), 3(c), 3(f), and 3(g), P > 0.05). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:235491. doi: 10.1155/2015/235491. Epub 2015 Dec 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26770252 | In comparison with SNL rats, animals that received EA stimulation showed no difference in p-ERK-immunoreactive cell numbers (Figure 3(c)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:235491. doi: 10.1155/2015/235491. Epub 2015 Dec 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26770252 | Very few p-ERK-immunoreactive neurons were found in the ACC in non-SNL control rats (Figure 4(a)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:235491. doi: 10.1155/2015/235491. Epub 2015 Dec 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26770252 | Double immunofluorescence localizing p-ERK in ACC neurons, macrophages, and astrocytes in the ACC after L5 spinal nerve ligation. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:235491. doi: 10.1155/2015/235491. Epub 2015 Dec 3. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29311503 | In addition, EA stimulation at bilateral ST36 and BL60 acupoints with 2/10 Hz frequency provided analgesic and immunomodulation effects in a bone cancer pain model. | Exp Anim. 2018 May 10;67(2):271-280. doi: 10.1538/expanim.17-0142. Epub 2018 Jan 1. | Immunity Cancer Pain | Mechanism |
| 34039946 | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay | Med Sci Monit. 2021 May 27;27:e929027. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929027. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34039946 | The levels of dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in serum and the hippocampus were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elabscience, USA). | Med Sci Monit. 2021 May 27;27:e929027. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929027. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34039946 | Immunofluorescence | Med Sci Monit. 2021 May 27;27:e929027. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929027. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34039946 | After 10% formalin fixation, hippocampal tissue samples were processed into paraffin-embedded blocks and 5-μm-thick sections were cut for immunostaining. | Med Sci Monit. 2021 May 27;27:e929027. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929027. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34039946 | Finally, the sections were sealed with the antifluorescence solution (G1401-5ML, Servicebio), and the immunofluorescence images were observed and recorded with fluorescence microscope (NIKON ECLIPSE C1, NIKON DS-U3). | Med Sci Monit. 2021 May 27;27:e929027. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929027. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34039946 | Bacteroidetes can produce polysaccharide A, which may be involved in ligand-receptor interactions modulating the immune response. | Med Sci Monit. 2021 May 27;27:e929027. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929027. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34039946 | Intestinal microbes and metabolites can affect the 5-HT and BDNF factors in the nervous system through a series of immune responses and subsequently affect the entire nervous system. | Med Sci Monit. 2021 May 27;27:e929027. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929027. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34039946 | (A) Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy imaging hippocampus CA1 regions, magnification Ã200. | Med Sci Monit. 2021 May 27;27:e929027. doi: 10.12659/MSM.929027. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32547407 | Ovarian tissues were made transparent following the CUBIC 3D tissue-clearing protocol and were immunostained using antibodies against platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and tyrosine hydroxylase to visualize the ovarian vasculature and innervation, respectively. | Front Physiol. 2020 May 29;11:474. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00474. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32547407 | The emerging technology of three-dimensional tissue transparency and visualization by immunostaining may provide a path to solve the above problems. | Front Physiol. 2020 May 29;11:474. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00474. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32547407 | Ovaries were made transparent using the CUBIC 3D tissue-clearing method for 1 week, and subsequent immunostaining revealed the ovarian vasculature and innervation. | Front Physiol. 2020 May 29;11:474. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00474. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32547407 | (A) Ovaries from mice at 10, 21, and 60 days of age were cleared using the CUBIC technique prior to immunostaining using TH antibodies. | Front Physiol. 2020 May 29;11:474. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00474. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32547407 | The expression of a neuron-specific nuclear protein was identified at all postnatal intervals in the rat ovary, 20% are catecholaminergic, while the rest show neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity. | Front Physiol. 2020 May 29;11:474. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00474. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32547407 | Overall, the results detected neurons-positive or ganglia only in two dimensions by immunohistochemistry. | Front Physiol. 2020 May 29;11:474. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00474. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32547407 | The ovaries were further processed using CUBIC and immunostaining to visualize the ovarian nerves. | Front Physiol. 2020 May 29;11:474. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00474. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32547407 | After immunofluorescence staining, diluted reagent 2 was applied with shaking at 37°C until the samples sank to the bottom. | Front Physiol. 2020 May 29;11:474. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00474. eCollection 2020. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22553490 | Acupuncture has been postulated to increase antioxidant supply by vasodilation and regulate immune defense and local inflammation. | Spermatogenesis. 2012 Jan 1;2(1):53-62. doi: 10.4161/spmg.19282. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22553490 | Immunohistochemical staining for the proliferation and apoptotic marker in the testis. | Spermatogenesis. 2012 Jan 1;2(1):53-62. doi: 10.4161/spmg.19282. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 22553490 | Immunohistochemical staining for PCNA | Spermatogenesis. 2012 Jan 1;2(1):53-62. doi: 10.4161/spmg.19282. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37384285 | Immunohistochemical analysis of dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and skin | Front Neurol. 2023 Jun 13;14:1168012. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1168012. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37384285 | Immunohistochemical analysis of DRGs and skin was carried out as described previously. | Front Neurol. 2023 Jun 13;14:1168012. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1168012. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37384285 | To observe the activation of TRPV1 by WAI stimulation at 48°C, immunohistochemistry for TRPV1 in the DRGs of C6-T2 was carried out in another set of animals. | Front Neurol. 2023 Jun 13;14:1168012. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1168012. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37384285 | (C,D) Immunohistochemistry for TRPV1 in DRGs following WAI stimulation at PC-6. | Front Neurol. 2023 Jun 13;14:1168012. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1168012. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37384285 | Immunohistochemistry for TRPV1 and/or CGRP, NF200 and IB4 in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) following warm needle acupuncture instrument (WAI) stimulation at PC-6. | Front Neurol. 2023 Jun 13;14:1168012. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1168012. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37384285 | Immunohistochemical analysis showed that WAI stimulation increased TRPV1 expression in CGRP- or IB4-positive DRGs. | Front Neurol. 2023 Jun 13;14:1168012. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1168012. eCollection 2023. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29785197 | Applying Statistical and Complex Network Methods to Explore the Key Signaling Molecules of Acupuncture Regulating Neuroendocrine-Immune Network | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jan 29;2018:9260630. doi: 10.1155/2018/9260630. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29785197 | In order to reveal the regulatory effect of manual acupuncture (MA) on the neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) network and identify the key signaling molecules during MA modulating NEI network, we used a rat complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) model to observe the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of MA, and, what is more, we used statistical and complex network methods to analyze the data about the expression of 55 common signaling molecules of NEI network in ST36 (Zusanli) acupoint, and serum and hind foot pad tissue. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jan 29;2018:9260630. doi: 10.1155/2018/9260630. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29785197 | Researches have shown that the body's inherent regulatory system is neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) network, including nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system, which is the biological basis to maintain the body's homeostasis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jan 29;2018:9260630. doi: 10.1155/2018/9260630. eCollection 2018. | Immunity Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 29785197 | Some researches had demonstrated that acupuncture could regulate one system of the NEI network, in which most focus on the nervous system or immune system, but little studies pay attention to the regulatory effect of acupuncture on the whole NEI network. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jan 29;2018:9260630. doi: 10.1155/2018/9260630. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29785197 | Present studies indicated many similarities regarding the immunological changes and pathologic mechanisms existed between the CFA model and human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jan 29;2018:9260630. doi: 10.1155/2018/9260630. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29785197 | Hi-Joon Par found that some neural and immune pathways, such as MAPK, B-cell receptor, T-cell receptor, and Toll-like receptor, in the local acupoint were involved in the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect of acupuncture on inflammatory pain in CFA rats. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jan 29;2018:9260630. doi: 10.1155/2018/9260630. eCollection 2018. | Immunity Inflammatory Pain | Mechanism |
| 29785197 | IL-13, produced by activated Th2 cells, had anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jan 29;2018:9260630. doi: 10.1155/2018/9260630. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26064176 | As a component of the innate immune system, microglia samples the extracellular space of central nervous system through continuous extension, retraction, and remodeling of the cellular processes. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:848603. doi: 10.1155/2015/848603. Epub 2015 Apr 29. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27942989 | ECL Prime Western Blotting Detection Reagent (GE Healthcare, Buckinghamshire, Great Britain) was used to detect immunoreactive bands. | Lasers Med Sci. 2017 Dec;32(9):2167-2171. doi: 10.1007/s10103-016-2124-3. Epub 2016 Dec 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26279808 | Aquaporin-4 expression in brain tissue was studied through immunohistochemical and western-blot analysis. | J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015 Jul;58(1):14-21. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.1.14. Epub 2015 Jul 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26279808 | Histopathology and Immunohistochemical examination | J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015 Jul;58(1):14-21. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.1.14. Epub 2015 Jul 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26279808 | Immunuhistochemical analysis | J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015 Jul;58(1):14-21. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.1.14. Epub 2015 Jul 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26279808 | Immunohistochemical analysis of expression of AQP4 in brain tissue of pups from control group (Ã400). | J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015 Jul;58(1):14-21. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.1.14. Epub 2015 Jul 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26279808 | Immunohistochemical analysis of expression of AQP4 in brain tissue of pups from consolidate group (Ã400). | J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015 Jul;58(1):14-21. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.1.14. Epub 2015 Jul 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26279808 | Immunohistochemical analysis of expression of AQP4 in brain tissue of pups from EI&R group (Ã400). | J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015 Jul;58(1):14-21. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.1.14. Epub 2015 Jul 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26279808 | Immunohistochemical analysis of expression of AQP4 in brain tissue of pups from acupuncture group (Ã400). | J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015 Jul;58(1):14-21. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.1.14. Epub 2015 Jul 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 26279808 | Immunohistochemical analysis of expression of AQP4 in brain tissue of pups from non treatment group (Ã400). | J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015 Jul;58(1):14-21. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.1.14. Epub 2015 Jul 31. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 36181105 | Although currently available treatments include gene therapy, immunotherapy, peptidomimetics, metal chelators, probiotics, and quantum dots, their efficacy remains limited. | Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Sep 30;101(39):e30858. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000030858. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206919 | Immunohistochemistry, western blot and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the effects of pretreatment with acupuncture and moxibustion on axin and β-catenin expression and neuronal ultrastructure in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease rats. | Neural Regen Res. 2014 May 1;9(9):968-72. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.133148. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206919 | Immunohistochemical staining | Neural Regen Res. 2014 May 1;9(9):968-72. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.133148. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206919 | Bilateral hippocampi were dissected out and subjected to immunohistochemical staining using a kit, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions (Boster, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China). | Neural Regen Res. 2014 May 1;9(9):968-72. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.133148. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206919 | Immunohistochemistry was carried out on frozen tissue. | Neural Regen Res. 2014 May 1;9(9):968-72. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.133148. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23837037 | Mouse proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemical (IHC) kits were purchased from Beijing Golden Bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Jun;5(6):1593-1597. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1030. Epub 2013 Mar 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23837037 | Immunohistochemistry of PCNA, cyclin D1 and CDK4 | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Jun;5(6):1593-1597. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1030. Epub 2013 Mar 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23837037 | PCNA, cyclin D1 and CDK4 levels were analyzed with an immunohistochemistry assay kit (DS-005; Beijing Golden Bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Jun;5(6):1593-1597. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1030. Epub 2013 Mar 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23837037 | The supernatants were collected and frozen at â80°C until immunoblotting. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Jun;5(6):1593-1597. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1030. Epub 2013 Mar 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23837037 | Cerebral tissues from each group (n=5) were processed for an immunohistochemical assay. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Jun;5(6):1593-1597. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1030. Epub 2013 Mar 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23837037 | Cerebral tissues from each group (n=5) were processed for an immunohistochemical assay. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Jun;5(6):1593-1597. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1030. Epub 2013 Mar 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 23837037 | Cerebral tissues from each group (n=5) were processed for an immunohistochemical assay. | Exp Ther Med. 2013 Jun;5(6):1593-1597. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1030. Epub 2013 Mar 26. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34804173 | Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling and neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN) double staining and cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-1 (cIAP1) and NeuN immunofluorescence double staining were used to detect the short-term and long-term neuroprotective effects of scalp acupuncture combined with treadmill training on pMCAO rats. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Nov 12;2021:1418616. doi: 10.1155/2021/1418616. eCollection 2021. | Immunity Neuroprotection | Mechanism |
| 34804173 | Double Immunofluorescence | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Nov 12;2021:1418616. doi: 10.1155/2021/1418616. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34804173 | Immunohistochemistry Staining for cIAP1 | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Nov 12;2021:1418616. doi: 10.1155/2021/1418616. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34804173 | We further examined the effect of SA-T on neuronal apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra area by double immunofluorescence staining (Figure 3). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Nov 12;2021:1418616. doi: 10.1155/2021/1418616. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34804173 | The double immunofluorescence staining results showed that multitudinous cIAP1 and NeuN positive neurons existed in the cortex penumbra of the ischemic brain in the sham-operated group (Figure 4). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Nov 12;2021:1418616. doi: 10.1155/2021/1418616. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34804173 | To further investigate the influence of SA-T on the expression patterns of cIAP1 in the cIAP1 shRNA interference pMCAO model, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to compare cIAP1 protein levels in the five groups on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days (Figures 7(c) and 7(d)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Nov 12;2021:1418616. doi: 10.1155/2021/1418616. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34804173 | The inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family is involved in various cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, cytokinesis, heavy metal homeostasis, signal transduction, and immunity. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Nov 12;2021:1418616. doi: 10.1155/2021/1418616. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34804173 | Double immunofluorescence staining for TUNEL (green), NeuN (red), and nuclei-stained with DAPI (blue). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Nov 12;2021:1418616. doi: 10.1155/2021/1418616. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34804173 | Double immunofluorescence staining for cIAP1 (red), NeuN (green), and nuclei-stained with DAPI (blue). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Nov 12;2021:1418616. doi: 10.1155/2021/1418616. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25810743 | Immunofluorescence and Hoechst 33342 Staining | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:393569. doi: 10.1155/2015/393569. Epub 2015 Feb 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25810743 | Data from both immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot showed that the level of synapsin-1 was markedly decreased owing to Aβ injection (P < 0.01). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:393569. doi: 10.1155/2015/393569. Epub 2015 Feb 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25810743 | (a) Immunohistochemical analysis of synapsin-1 in CA1 region. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:393569. doi: 10.1155/2015/393569. Epub 2015 Feb 25. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38164490 | Evidence has demonstrated that ACE can induce immune responses, such as neutrophil infiltration and enhanced macrophage phagocytosis because the absorbable catgut is recognized as a foreign protein. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38164490 | FM model and multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38164490 | Immunofluorescence | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38164490 | We next used immunostaining for TRPV1 localization in the thalamus. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38164490 | Lastly, we used immunofluorescence to measure TRPV1 and pERK intensities in the cortex. | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38164490 | (C) Immunofluorescence labeling of TRPV1, pERK, and dual staining in THA (green, red, or yellow). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38164490 | (C) Immunofluorescence mark of TRPV1, pERK, and dual-labeling in SSC (green, red, or yellow). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38164490 | (C) Immunofluorescence labeling of TRPV1, pERK, and dual staining in the mice ACC (green, red, or yellow). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38164490 | (C) Immunofluorescence mark of TRPV1, pERK, and paired staining in mPFC (green, red, or yellow). | Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206816 | Immunohistochemical staining exhibited that the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor increased in the ventral tegmental area following acupuncture. | Neural Regen Res. 2014 Feb 1;9(3):301-7. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.128228. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206816 | Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that compared with the normal group, the number of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-positive cells and mean absorbance were greater in the ventral tegmental area of heroin relapse rats (P < 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2014 Feb 1;9(3):301-7. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.128228. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206816 | Acupuncture effects on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression in the ventral tegmental area of heroin relapse rats (immunohistochemical staining, Ã 20). | Neural Regen Res. 2014 Feb 1;9(3):301-7. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.128228. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206816 | Immunohistochemical staining showed that compared with the normal group, the number of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-positive cells and mean absorbance were greater in the ventral tegmental area of heroin relapse rats (P < 0.05). | Neural Regen Res. 2014 Feb 1;9(3):301-7. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.128228. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25206816 | Immunohistochemical staining for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the ventral tegmental area of rats | Neural Regen Res. 2014 Feb 1;9(3):301-7. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.128228. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34393735 | AP, acupuncture; BW, body weight; ELISA: enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay; FST, forced swimming test; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; SDS, social defeat stress. | Front Behav Neurosci. 2021 Jul 28;15:685433. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.685433. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34393735 | AP, acupuncture; BW, body weight; ELISA, enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay; FST, forced swimming test; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; SDS, social defeat stress. | Front Behav Neurosci. 2021 Jul 28;15:685433. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.685433. eCollection 2021. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37635258 | In the treatment of excessive inflammation, immunosuppression, and organ dysfunction, much exploration has also been carried out, such as the application of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, as well as protective treatment of organ function. | Chin Med. 2023 Aug 27;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00816-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37635258 | The treatment of diseases by acupuncture is not done by a single signal molecule, signal pathway, nervous system, endocrine system or immune system alone. | Chin Med. 2023 Aug 27;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00816-7. | Immunity Endocrinology | Mechanism |
| 37635258 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Chin Med. 2023 Aug 27;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00816-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37635258 | Among the 20 interacting genes screened, 9 genes were related to inflammation and immunomodulatory, such as heat shock protein 90kDaα (HSP90AA1), Growth factor receptor binding protein 2 (GRB2), and Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). | Chin Med. 2023 Aug 27;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00816-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37635258 | 6 genes are related to tumor immunity, such as histone acetyltransferase P300 (EP300), CREB-binding protein (CREBBP), Catenin 1 (CTNNB1), and the proto-oncogene (JUN). | Chin Med. 2023 Aug 27;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00816-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37635258 | There were also signaling pathways closely related to inflammation and immune regulation, such as MAPK signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway (Fig. 9C). | Chin Med. 2023 Aug 27;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00816-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37635258 | Seven systems: Urogenital system, Central nervous system, Respiratory system, Immune system, Cardiovascular system, Skeletal system, and Muscular system. | Chin Med. 2023 Aug 27;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00816-7. | Immunity Cardiovascular | Mechanism |
| 37635258 | Exosomes identified as modulators of the immune system in sepsis. | Chin Med. 2023 Aug 27;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00816-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 37635258 | were involved in inflammation, immune regulation, metabolism, and cell proliferation and apoptosis. | Chin Med. 2023 Aug 27;18(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s13020-023-00816-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28473863 | The bacterial endotoxin will act on the mononuclear macrophages and neutrophils, producing and releasing IL-1β, TNF-α, and other inflammatory factors, while generating anti-inflammatory factor IL-4 for immunosuppression. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:2813437. doi: 10.1155/2017/2813437. Epub 2017 Apr 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28473863 | The levels of the serum inflammatory factors, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-4, were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:2813437. doi: 10.1155/2017/2813437. Epub 2017 Apr 4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | Results showed that compared with the model-only group, sciatic functional index, recovery rate of conduction velocity, diameter recovery of the gastrocnemius muscle fibers, number of S100-immunoreactive cells, and level of nerve growth factor were greater in the electroacupuncture and moxibustion groups. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | Furthermore, inhibition of TNF-α-mediated chondrocyte inflammation via the Ras-Raf-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway, humoral regulation, improvement of the immunologic function, and anti-aging effects of serum of EA or Mox have been investigated in recent years (Li et al., 2005; Xu et al., 2005; Chen et al., 2017). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | Immunohistochemistry | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | Positive immunoreactive products presented as sepia or brown under a light microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) at 100Ã magnification. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | The number of S100-immunoreactive cells on the injured side was greater than that on the uninjured side. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | (A) Immunohistochemical staining of S100 observed under the light microscope (100Ã). | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | The number of S100-immunoreactive cells (arrows) on the injured side was greater than that on the uninjured side in all groups. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | The number of S100-immunoreactive cells in the Mox and EA groups was greater than that in the model group. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29623933 | (B) The percentage of S100-immunoreactive cells in each group. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35046719 | Previous studies have reported that inflammation develops within the joint structures, the formation of which is associated with the activation of numerous immune cells which secrete cytokines amplifying the inflammatory process, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL), such as IL-1β.IL-6, IL-8 and so on. | J Pain Res. 2022 Jan 11;15:93-103. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S346242. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 32039692 | Immunohistochemistry of c-Fos in ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) or rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM) | J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35484628 | Inflammation was detected by ELISA and immunohistochemical stanning. | Chin Med. 2022 Apr 28;17(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s13020-022-00606-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35484628 | RNA-seq showed many DEGs involved in the immune system and inflammatory response pathway. | Chin Med. 2022 Apr 28;17(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s13020-022-00606-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35484628 | Immunohistochemistry | Chin Med. 2022 Apr 28;17(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s13020-022-00606-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35484628 | Since most of the DEGs were primarily enriched in the inflammatory response signalling pathway, we verified some inflammation parameters by qPCR, haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, ELISA and immunohistochemistry. | Chin Med. 2022 Apr 28;17(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s13020-022-00606-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35484628 | Immunohistochemistry also indicated that acupuncture reduced TNF-α expression, which was elevated in MI cardiac tissue (Fig. 5E and F). | Chin Med. 2022 Apr 28;17(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s13020-022-00606-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35484628 | Our RNA-seq data confirmed that numerous co-regulated genes were involved in the inflammatory response, immune system process, innate immune response, cell adhesion, and apoptosis pathways (Fig. 4B). | Chin Med. 2022 Apr 28;17(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s13020-022-00606-7. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29636708 | The expression of serum BDNF was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the hippocampal BDNF, acetylation levels in histone H3 lysine 9 (acH3K9), and HDAC2 by Western blot, the hippocampal mRNA of BDNF by RT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). | Front Psychiatry. 2018 Mar 27;9:102. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00102. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29636708 | The expression of serum BDNF was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the hippocampal BDNF, acH3K9 and HDAC2 by Western blot (WB), the hippocampal mRNA of BDNF by RT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). | Front Psychiatry. 2018 Mar 27;9:102. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00102. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29849693 | After incubation with a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody, immunoreactive bands were observed using ECL substrate as per the manufacturer's protocol. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Apr 23;2018:1913691. doi: 10.1155/2018/1913691. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27880769 | Five-micron thick sections of bone (5 sections for each rabbit) were cut using immunohistochemistry method for SP expression. | PLoS One. 2016 Nov 23;11(11):e0164652. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164652. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27880769 | SP-immunoreactive axons have been localized in bone, and SP receptors are widely distributed in osteoclasts and osteoblasts. | PLoS One. 2016 Nov 23;11(11):e0164652. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164652. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27880769 | Substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibers innervate the bone and adjacent tissues. | PLoS One. 2016 Nov 23;11(11):e0164652. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164652. eCollection 2016. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34108361 | It is well understood that microglia, one of the innate immune cells in CNS, are the major phagocytes and serve as guardians for neuronal survival and function under normal physiological conditions. | Exp Anim. 2021 Nov 10;70(4):469-478. doi: 10.1538/expanim.21-0034. Epub 2021 Jun 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34108361 | On one hand, emerging evidence suggests that the abnormally released chemokines, cytokines and other immunoregulatory molecules initiating secondary brain injury are primarily derived from the activated microglia. | Exp Anim. 2021 Nov 10;70(4):469-478. doi: 10.1538/expanim.21-0034. Epub 2021 Jun 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34108361 | Immunofluorescence | Exp Anim. 2021 Nov 10;70(4):469-478. doi: 10.1538/expanim.21-0034. Epub 2021 Jun 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34108361 | Immunofluorescence was quantified by counting the number of co-stained cells. | Exp Anim. 2021 Nov 10;70(4):469-478. doi: 10.1538/expanim.21-0034. Epub 2021 Jun 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34108361 | (C) Immunofluorescence targeting TUNEL and NeuN (neuron marker) in the perihemorrhagic penumbra of ICH rats at 400Ã magnification. | Exp Anim. 2021 Nov 10;70(4):469-478. doi: 10.1538/expanim.21-0034. Epub 2021 Jun 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34108361 | 3C and E, the result of immunofluorescence targeting TUNEL and NeuN was similar to Fluoro-Jade B staining (P<0.05). | Exp Anim. 2021 Nov 10;70(4):469-478. doi: 10.1538/expanim.21-0034. Epub 2021 Jun 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34108361 | (G) Immunofluorescence targeting CD32 and Iba-1 (microglia marker) in the perihemorrhagic penumbra of ICH rats at 400Ã and 800Ã magnification. | Exp Anim. 2021 Nov 10;70(4):469-478. doi: 10.1538/expanim.21-0034. Epub 2021 Jun 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 34108361 | (H) Immunofluorescence targeting CD206 and Iba-1 (microglia marker) in the perihemorrhagic penumbra of ICH rats at 400Ã and 800Ã magnification. | Exp Anim. 2021 Nov 10;70(4):469-478. doi: 10.1538/expanim.21-0034. Epub 2021 Jun 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35478723 | The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions [PI3K (CK-E72396), p-AKt (CK-E72395), VEGF (CK-E72257), HIF1α (CK-E72097), and mTOR (E72180, MLBio)], and the results were analyzed using a SpectraMax Plus 383 long-wavelength microplate reader (MD) and SoftMax Pro 5.4.1. | Front Surg. 2022 Apr 11;9:778608. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.778608. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28386185 | Pharmacological studies have shown that, Ilex pubescens protects the brain, improves its anti-inflammatory and immune function, and thus serves as clinical treatment for ischemic cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and thrombotic occlusion of vein phlogistic etc.. This paper will report on the effect of total flavonoids of Mao Dongqing on mice that have cerebral ischemia reperfusion. | Saudi J Biol Sci. 2017 Mar;24(3):595-602. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.01.031. Epub 2017 Jan 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28386185 | It is anti-inflammatory and improves immune system. | Saudi J Biol Sci. 2017 Mar;24(3):595-602. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.01.031. Epub 2017 Jan 23. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38169592 | HE staining and immunofluorescence staining for tissue sample | Int J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1;21(2):341-356. doi: 10.7150/ijms.90591. eCollection 2024. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38169592 | For immunofluorescence, the samples underwent xylene I and II dewaxing, rehydration in gradient alcohol, and rewatered with gradient alcohol. | Int J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1;21(2):341-356. doi: 10.7150/ijms.90591. eCollection 2024. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38169592 | Finally, HE staining and immunofluorescence staining were found under a light microscope or a fluorescence microscope. | Int J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1;21(2):341-356. doi: 10.7150/ijms.90591. eCollection 2024. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38169592 | Western blot, immunofluorescence and TUNEL staining (Fig. | Int J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1;21(2):341-356. doi: 10.7150/ijms.90591. eCollection 2024. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38169592 | increases protein expression of BIP and CHOP, enhanced immunofluorescence staining intensity of BIP), senescence (i.e. | Int J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1;21(2):341-356. doi: 10.7150/ijms.90591. eCollection 2024. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38169592 | In addition, immunofluorescence analysis showed that LV-NCDH treatment alleviated the increase in the expression of ERS marker (BIP) during IDD (Fig. | Int J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1;21(2):341-356. doi: 10.7150/ijms.90591. eCollection 2024. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38169592 | (D): Immunofluorescence staining analysis of BIP expression in the NPCs from LVF and IDD patients. | Int J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1;21(2):341-356. doi: 10.7150/ijms.90591. eCollection 2024. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 38169592 | (D): Immunofluorescence staining of BIP expression. | Int J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1;21(2):341-356. doi: 10.7150/ijms.90591. eCollection 2024. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30028333 | Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for platelet-activating factor concentration in the damaged spinal cords | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Jul;13(7):1241-1246. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235062. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30028333 | The membrane was incubated with primary GAPDH mouse monoclonal antibodies (ImmunoWay Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA) for 10 minutes at 4°C overnight, and with secondary IgG/FITC (H + L) horseradish peroxidase antibodies (1:10,000; Kangwei Century Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China), and IgG/TRITC (H + L) horseradish peroxidase antibodies (1:10,000; Kangwei Century Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | Neural Regen Res. 2018 Jul;13(7):1241-1246. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235062. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | DU20, DU26, and EX-HN3 were selected as the acupuncture points, and after a 15-day treatment of electroacupuncture, we used immunohistochemistry and Western blotting to examine the expression of IL-1β and NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 in the hippocampus of the AD animal model. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | Researchers are actively investigating the mechanisms of AD, and the accumulation of insoluble amyloid-β, hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein, and neuroinflammation caused by the innate immune system in the brain have gained greater attention. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | Recent data emerging from genetic studies, clinical imaging, and animal experimentation point to an intimate interaction of innate immune system in AD processes. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | 7.5-month-old male senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice were used as an AD animal model, and immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to examine the expression of IL-1β, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 proteins in hippocampus of the brain. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | After the treatment, 4 mice were chosen from each group for immunohistochemical examination. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | For immunohistochemistry, paraffin embedded brain tissue sections were deparaffinized with xylene and hydrated with graded alcohol. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | Expression of IL-1β and NLRP3 Related Proteins in Hippocampus: Seeing from Immunohistochemistry | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | In the immunohistochemical results (Figure 1), the number of positive cells expressing IL-1β protein in hippocampus of mice in N group was low, and occasional positive cells were also lighter in staining. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | Immunohistochemistry studies indicate that the expression of ASC in microglia is positively correlated with the severity of inflammation. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | In this study, we qualitatively analyzed the expression of IL-1β, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 by immunohistochemistry. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 30105072 | In addition, from the present immunohistochemistry and Western blot results, we also documented that the expression of the inflammatory mediator IL-1β in the EA group was significantly lower than the levels in the AD group (P <0.01). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Jul 12;2018:8296824. doi: 10.1155/2018/8296824. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28761425 | Once synthesized, it starts a signaling cascade that leads to macrophage activation, and ultimately an innate immune response (Calderwood et al., 2007). | Neural Regen Res. 2017 Jun;12(6):925-930. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.208574. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28761425 | Hsp70 can thus help maintain immunological homeostasis of proteins and regulate inflammation (Zheng et al., 2008; Kourtis et al., 2012). | Neural Regen Res. 2017 Jun;12(6):925-930. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.208574. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28761425 | Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Neural Regen Res. 2017 Jun;12(6):925-930. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.208574. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28761425 | These cells include immune cells, mononuclear cells, macrophages, granulocytes, different subtypes of T cells, glial cells, and especially microglia. | Neural Regen Res. 2017 Jun;12(6):925-930. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.208574. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 28761425 | Adhesion molecules include selectin, immunoglobulin superfamily, integrin and inflammatory mediators, which are highly expressed and participate in the inflammatory response after ischemic injury (Jordan et al., 2008). | Neural Regen Res. 2017 Jun;12(6):925-930. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.208574. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25887143 | Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests | BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Mar 27;15:87. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0625-4. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Serious neural functional damage and sharp decrease of cerebral blood flow, obvious infarction volume, increased nestin mRNA expression, and immunopositive cells population (nestin+, BrdU+ and nestin/BrdU+) were found in MCAO rats which had not been observed in normal group and sham-operated group. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity Blood Flow | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | We, therefore, try to reveal the mechanism from accessing neural function deficit, infarction volume, brain blood flow, neural stem cell population, and marker gene expression by neural deficit score, 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, laser-Doppler flow meter, immunofluorenscence double-staining, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity Blood Flow | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | In addition, we also utilize microarray to identify gene profile of acupuncture treatment and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) to verify microarray results. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | But rats in no-acupuncture group were killed at the same time point as acupuncture group and the difference between two groups was received acupuncture treatment or not (one set sacrificed at 3 days after MCAO for CBF, IV, PCR, and gene microarray measurement while the other set killed at 7 days for immunopositive population counting). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Sections were dried off at 60°C after immersing in polylysine and prepared for subsequent examination of immunofluorescence double-staining. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Immunofluorescence Double-Staining | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Immunofluorescence double-staining was employed to inspect the endogenous neurogenesis with antibodies against BrdU and nestin. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | 5 visual regions in penumbra were selected for immune positive cells counting under a 400x microscope. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Enzyme-Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay (ELISA) | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | The expression of GSK-3β and PP2A was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | GSK-3β and PP2A Immunoassay ELISA kit (R&D, USA) were used to determine GSK-3β and PP2A level in supernatants according to the manufacturer's instructions. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Immunofluorescence double-staining combined with real-time polymerase chain were adopted for examining the endogenous neurogenesis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | By immunofluorescence double-staining, a large number of BrdU+, nestin+, and BrdU/nestin+ cells in MCAO groups were observed as shown in Figure 5, whereas no immune-positive cells were found in normal and sham-operated group. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | There was also a significant increase of immunopositive cells in acupuncture group versus model group and no-acupuncture group (shown in Figures 5(b), 5(c), and 5(d)), suggesting acupuncture treatment induced proliferation of neural stem cells in a certain extent. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Consistent with the results of immunofluorescence double-staining, model group shown a high expression of nestin mRNA compared to normal and sham-operated group especially in striatum followed by hippocampus and cortex suggesting there was different expression tendency in three cerebral regions after ischemia. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | And the top 10 enriched GO biological processes were included such as tyrosine phosphorylation, immunologic tolerance, protein negative regulated, and cell proliferation. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Using laser-Doppler flow meter, double-label immunostaining, RT-PCR, microarray and ELISA, we observed that acupuncture obviously increased brain blood flow (Figure 3), neurogenesis (Figure 5) and expression of nestin mRNA (Figure 6), and caused a series changing of genes and GSK-3β/PP2A (proteins that are relative to biological processes of phosphorylation and cell proliferation) expression (Table 1 and Figure 7). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity Blood Flow | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | BrdU/nestin co-labeled immunofluorescence positive cells and mRNA expression of nestin were detected for evaluating neurogenesis in this study. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Many BrdU+, nestin+, BrdU/nestin co-labeled immunofluorescence positive cells were seen in model group in penumbra belt in the study. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | These endogenous neurogenesis amplified by acupuncture stimulation showed a significant increase of immuno-positive cells in acupuncture group compared with model and no-acupuncture group (Figures 5(b), 5(c), and 5(d)). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | But it is well accepted that generation of neurogenesis only occurs in special regions such as SVZ and SGZ in rodents and humans as response to neuron injury, therefore immuno-positive cells in penumbra may migrate from the specific neurogenesis regions and differentiate to neurons or glial cells for subsequent functional recovery. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | The microarray results revealed that many genes and pathways were involved which were mainly relevant to phosphorylation, immunologic tolerance, protein regulation and cell proliferation functions by GO and pathway analysis. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Rats in model group euthanatized immediately after MCAO while other groups at 3 days for subsequent investigation of neural deficit score (NDS), cerebral blood flow (CBF), nestin mRNA expression, microarray analysis, and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity Blood Flow | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Another sets of rats sacrificed 7 days for immunopositive cell counting. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | Effects of acupuncture on increasing population of immunopositive cells in penumbra: 5 visual regions in penumbra of each slice were selected for cell counting under a 400x microscope (n = 6). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | (a) Representative images of Immunofluorescence double-staining from model group, no-acupuncture group, and acupuncture group: a1, b1, and c1 labeled for BrdU (green). | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25120577 | (b), (c), and (d) Quantization of BrdU+, nestin+, and BrdU/nestin+ cells: immunopositive cells were found in MCAO groups while not been found in normal and sham-operated group. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:962343. doi: 10.1155/2014/962343. Epub 2014 Jul 10. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31889778 | The effects of acupuncture on disease development were assessed by behavioural tests and immunohistochistry (IHC). | Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019 Dec;26(8):1948-1955. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.07.003. Epub 2019 Jul 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31889778 | Immunohistochemistry | Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019 Dec;26(8):1948-1955. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.07.003. Epub 2019 Jul 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31889778 | The physiological function and movement of the GI are affected by the neurotransmitter and immunological signalling produced by the central nervous system as well as by the intestine. | Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019 Dec;26(8):1948-1955. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.07.003. Epub 2019 Jul 13. | Immunity Motor Function | Mechanism |
| 31889778 | In our experiment, we found that the rotation score increased on day 15 and on day 45, indicating that the loss of neurons was progressive, but the score of the acupuncture group was significantly lower than that of the untreated group and the madopa group, which is consistent with the TH immunohistochemical results. | Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019 Dec;26(8):1948-1955. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.07.003. Epub 2019 Jul 13. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35321503 | Immunohistochemical staining for angiogenetic factors indicated the vascularization after CIRI, including VEGF, Ang2, and bFGF. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Mar 14;2022:1649605. doi: 10.1155/2022/1649605. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35321503 | Immunohistochemical Staining of Brain Tissue | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Mar 14;2022:1649605. doi: 10.1155/2022/1649605. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 35321503 | Immunohistochemical (IHC) Staining of VEGF, Ang2, and bFGF | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Mar 14;2022:1649605. doi: 10.1155/2022/1649605. eCollection 2022. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29946236 | Microglia, the resident innate immune cells in the brain, play an important role in some neurodegenerative diseases (Colonna and Butovsky,). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 May 31;11:149. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00149. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29946236 | Immunohistochemical Analysis | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 May 31;11:149. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00149. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29946236 | Sections were imaged at 20Ã and 40Ã for analysis, using excitation wavelengths of 633 nm (blue Cy5 labeling), 543 nm (red Cy3 immunofluorescence). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 May 31;11:149. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00149. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29946236 | The relative levels of protein corresponding to (A) P2X7R, (B) GFAP and (C) Iba-1 were assessed using an immunoblotting method. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 May 31;11:149. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00149. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29946236 | (G,H) Immunofluorescence staining of hippocampal sections. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 May 31;11:149. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00149. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29946236 | GFAP and Iba-1 expression in the CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus (DG) of hippocampus detected by immunofluorescence in Normal rats and rats exposed to CUS with/without EA or Sham EA treatment. | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 May 31;11:149. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00149. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 29946236 | Evidence is increasing that psychological and physical stressors could activate immune and inflammation processes, contributing to depressive symptoms (Iwata et al.,). | Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 May 31;11:149. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00149. eCollection 2018. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25624811 | The immunolabeled proteins were detected by their reaction with a chemiluminescent substrate (Pierce Chemical Co., Rockford, IL, USA). | Neural Regen Res. 2012 Aug 25;7(24):1859-65. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.24.003. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31275411 | The changes in gut microbiota may directly or indirectly target the brain through vagal stimulation or immune-neuroendocrine mechanism, respectively. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Jun 2;2019:4958294. doi: 10.1155/2019/4958294. eCollection 2019. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31835339 | For histological analyses of the liver, images of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), oil red-O, and immunohistochemistry. | Metabolites. 2019 Dec 9;9(12):299. doi: 10.3390/metabo9120299. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31835339 | All histological and immunohistochemical slides were evaluated by two independent observers (certified surgical pathologists in our department; X.G. | Metabolites. 2019 Dec 9;9(12):299. doi: 10.3390/metabo9120299. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31835339 | Liver protein samples were separated by electrophoresis on 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gels and transferred onto Immun-Blot PVDF membranes (Bio-Rad Laboratories, K.K., Tokyo, Japan). | Metabolites. 2019 Dec 9;9(12):299. doi: 10.3390/metabo9120299. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31835339 | (A) Immunocytochemistry (IHC) showed the number of Mac-2-positive infiltrating macrophages in the NAFLD liver. | Metabolites. 2019 Dec 9;9(12):299. doi: 10.3390/metabo9120299. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 31835339 | NG: needling-nonacupoint group, AG: needling-acupoint group, IHC: immunocytochemistry, α-SMA: α-smooth muscle actin, IL-1β: interleukin 1β, TNFα: tumor necrosis factor-α, NF-κB: nuclear factor-κB, p-NF-κB: phospho-nuclear factor-κB. | Metabolites. 2019 Dec 9;9(12):299. doi: 10.3390/metabo9120299. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25530777 | Research using 125I to mark Gal receptor showed that Gal and its binding sites were widely distributed in the whole central nervous system, and its immunocompetence showed to be relatively high in hippocampus, hypothalamus, and so on; another research found that Gal coexisted with acetylcholine, 5-HT, and NE such as classical neurotransmitter, and to adjust their release by hyperpolarization. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:179796. doi: 10.1155/2014/179796. Epub 2014 Oct 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25530777 | Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay Detection of Gal Protein Expression | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:179796. doi: 10.1155/2014/179796. Epub 2014 Oct 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 25530777 | Rats were sacrificed at the 22nd day of the experiment for the detection of GAL protein expression, using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:179796. doi: 10.1155/2014/179796. Epub 2014 Oct 30. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27843474 | In the peripheral serotonergic system, 5-HT acts as one of the mediators of neurogenic inflammation, which can be actively released by platelets, immune cells, and mast cells. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1846296. doi: 10.1155/2016/1846296. Epub 2016 Oct 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |
| 27843474 | Plasma 5-HT immunoreactivity and central 5-HT HPLC determination were performed on day 5. | Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:1846296. doi: 10.1155/2016/1846296. Epub 2016 Oct 24. | Immunity | Mechanism |